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Alvania Gradatoides
''Alvania gradatoides'' is a species of minute sea snail with an operculum, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Rissoidae.Bouchet, P. (2011). Alvania gradatoides (Finlay, 1930). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=565212 on 2012-07-25 Distribution * New Zealand * Tasmania Description ''Alvania gradatoides'' was originally discovered and described as ''Linemera gradatoides'' by Harold John Finlay Harold John Finlay (22 March 1901 – 7 April 1951) was a New Zealand palaeontologist and conchologist. Biography Finlay was born in Comilla, India (now Bangladesh), on 22 March 1901. He was left a paraplegic after contracting poliomyelitis at ... in 1930. Finlay H. J. (1930)"Additions to the Recent Molluscan Fauna of New Zealand. No. 3."'' Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand''. 61:page 222247. References External links * http://www.mollusca.co.nz/speciesdetail.ph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paratype
In zoology and botany, a paratype is a specimen of an organism that helps define what the scientific name of a species and other taxon actually represents, but it is not the holotype (and in botany is also neither an isotype nor a syntype). Often there is more than one paratype. Paratypes are usually held in museum research collections. The exact meaning of the term ''paratype'' when it is used in zoology is not the same as the meaning when it is used in botany. In both cases however, this term is used in conjunction with ''holotype''. Zoology In zoological nomenclature, a paratype is officially defined as "Each specimen of a type series other than the holotype.", ''International Code of Zoological Nomenclature'' In turn, this definition relies on the definition of a "type series". A type series is the material (specimens of organisms) that was cited in the original publication of the new species or subspecies, and was not excluded from being type material by the author (th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harold John Finlay
Harold John Finlay (22 March 1901 – 7 April 1951) was a New Zealand palaeontologist and conchologist. Biography Finlay was born in Comilla, India (now Bangladesh), on 22 March 1901. He was left a paraplegic after contracting poliomyelitis at the age of four, but waas able to participate in field excursions. He graduated from the University of Otago with B.Sc. and M.Sc. He received the Hamilton Memorial Prize of the New Zealand Institute in 1926 and a D.Sc. in 1927. His main research interest was marine and non-marine malacofauna of New Zealand, both recent and fossil. He also specialised on fossil Foraminifera. After a long period of unemployment, Finlay was appointed to the Geological Survey of New Zealand in 1937, and in the same year he married Jean Dorothy Waterson Gillies. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of New Zealand in 1939, and was awarded the scoiety's Hector Memorial Medal in 1941. Finlay died, unexpectedly, at his home in Wellington on 7 April 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Species
In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. Other ways of defining species include their karyotype, DNA sequence, morphology, behaviour or ecological niche. In addition, paleontologists use the concept of the chronospecies since fossil reproduction cannot be examined. The most recent rigorous estimate for the total number of species of eukaryotes is between 8 and 8.7 million. However, only about 14% of these had been described by 2011. All species (except viruses) are given a two-part name, a "binomial". The first part of a binomial is the genus to which the species belongs. The second part is called the specific name or the specific epithet (in botanical nomenclature, also sometimes i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sea Snail
Sea snail is a common name for slow-moving marine gastropod molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguished from snails primarily by the absence of a visible shell. Definition Determining whether some gastropods should be called sea snails is not always easy. Some species that live in brackish water (such as certain neritids) can be listed as either freshwater snails or marine snails, and some species that live at or just above the high tide level (for example species in the genus '' Truncatella'') are sometimes considered to be sea snails and sometimes listed as land snails. Anatomy Sea snails are a very large group of animals and a very diverse one. Most snails that live in salt water respire using a gill or gills; a few species, though, have a lung, are intertidal, and are active only at low tide when they can move around in the air. These air-breathing species includ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Operculum (gastropod)
The operculum (; ) is a corneous or calcareous anatomical structure like a trapdoor that exists in many (but not all) groups of sea snails and freshwater snails, and also in a few groups of land snails; the structure is found in some marine and freshwater gastropods, and in a minority of terrestrial gastropods, including the families Helicinidae, Cyclophoridae, Aciculidae, Maizaniidae, Pomatiidae, etc. The operculum is attached to the upper surface of the foot and in its most complete state, it serves as a sort of "trapdoor" to close the aperture of the shell when the soft parts of the animal are retracted. The shape of the operculum varies greatly from one family of gastropods to another. It is fairly often circular, or more or less oval in shape. In species where the operculum fits snugly, its outline corresponds exactly to the shape of the aperture of the shell and it serves to seal the entrance of the shell. Many families have opercula that are reduced in size, and which a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marine (ocean)
The ocean (also the sea or the world ocean) is the body of salt water that covers approximately 70.8% of the surface of Earth and contains 97% of Earth's water. An ocean can also refer to any of the large bodies of water into which the world ocean is conventionally divided."Ocean." ''Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary'', Merriam-Webster, |
Gastropod
The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. There are many thousands of species of sea snails and slugs, as well as freshwater snails, freshwater limpets, and land snails and slugs. The class Gastropoda contains a vast total of named species, second only to the insects in overall number. The fossil history of this class goes back to the Late Cambrian. , 721 families of gastropods are known, of which 245 are extinct and appear only in the fossil record, while 476 are currently extant with or without a fossil record. Gastropoda (previously known as univalves and sometimes spelled "Gasteropoda") are a major part of the phylum Mollusca, and are the most highly diversified class in the phylum, with 65,000 to 80,000 living snail and slug species. The anatomy, behavior, feeding, and re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mollusk
Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is estimated between 60,000 and 100,000 additional species. The proportion of undescribed species is very high. Many taxa remain poorly studied. Molluscs are the largest marine phylum, comprising about 23% of all the named marine organisms. Numerous molluscs also live in freshwater and terrestrial habitats. They are highly diverse, not just in size and anatomical structure, but also in behaviour and habitat. The phylum is typically divided into 7 or 8 taxonomic classes, of which two are entirely extinct. Cephalopod molluscs, such as squid, cuttlefish, and octopuses, are among the most neurologically advanced of all invertebrates—and either the giant squid or the colossal squid is the largest known invertebrate species. The gas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rissoidae
Rissoidae is a large family of very small and minute sea snails with an operculum, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Rissooidea and the order Littorinimorpha Littorinimorpha is a large order of snails, gastropods, consisting primarily of sea snails (marine species), but also including some freshwater snails ( aquatic species) and land snails ( terrestrial species).Bouchet P. & Rocroi J.-P. (Ed.); Frý .... Distribution and habitat This family of snails is found worldwide. They live on sandy or gravel bottoms among algae or marine plants. They are also found under rocks in crevices or sheltered places. Subfamilies The classification within this family was a long time not clarified. The number of genera and subgenera was subject to the individual interpretation of the researcher. The following subfamilies were recognized in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi of 2005: * Rissoinae Gray, 1847 * Rissoininae Stimpson, 1865 In 2013 the subfamily Rissoininae was elevat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Marine Molluscs Of New Zealand
This is a list of the marine molluscs of the country of New Zealand, which are a part of the molluscan fauna of New Zealand, which is a part of the biodiversity of New Zealand. Marine molluscs include marine gastropods (sea snails and sea slugs), bivalves (such as pipis, cockles, oysters, mussels, scallops), octopuses, squid and other classes of Mollusca. This list does not include the land and freshwater species. Aplacophora * '' Proneomenia quincarinata'' Polyplacophora Acanthochitonidae * '' Acanthochitona thileniusi'' * '' Acanthochitona zelandica'' * '' Craspedochiton rubiginosus'' - ''Craspedochiton rubiginosus rubiginosus'', ''Craspedochiton rubiginosus oliveri'' * ''Cryptoconchus porosus'' * ''Notoplax aupouria'' * ''Notoplax cuneata'' * ''Notoplax facilis'' * ''Notoplax latalamina'' * ''Notoplax mariae'' * ''Notoplax violacea'' * ''Notoplax websteri'' Mopaliidae * '' Aerilamma murdochi'' * '' Diaphoroplax biramosus'' * ''Frembleya egregia'' * '' Guildingia obtecta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tasmania
) , nickname = , image_map = Tasmania in Australia.svg , map_caption = Location of Tasmania in AustraliaCoordinates: , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = Australia , established_title = Before federation , established_date = Colony of Tasmania , established_title2 = Federation , established_date2 = 1 January 1901 , named_for = Abel Tasman , demonym = , capital = Hobart , largest_city = capital , coordinates = , admin_center = 29 local government areas , admin_center_type = Administration , leader_title1 = Monarch , leader_name1 = Charles III , leader_title2 = Governor , leader_name2 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transactions And Proceedings Of The Royal Society Of New Zealand
The ''Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand'' was a scientific journal and magazine published by the Royal Society of New Zealand. Before 1933 the society was called the New Zealand Institute, and the journal's name was ''Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute''. It was active between 1868 and 1961 and was the most important scientific journal in New Zealand. Notable contributors *Thomas Cheeseman, naturalist *William Colenso, botanist *Harold John Finlay, palaeontologist and conchologist. * Charles Fleming, ornithologist and palaeontologist *James Hector, geologist *Thomas Hocken, botanist and anthropologist *Ernest Rutherford, chemist and physicist, Nobel laureate The Nobel Prizes ( sv, Nobelpriset, no, Nobelprisen) are awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, the Swedish Academy, the Karolinska Institutet, and the Norwegian Nobel Committee to individuals and organizations who make out ... References E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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