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Altran Praxis
Altran UK (formerly known as Altran Praxis, Praxis High Integrity Systems, Praxis Critical Systems, Altran Xype, Xype and Altran Technologies) is a division of parent company Altran. Altran Praxis was a British software house that specialised in critical systems. This role is continued under the banner of high-tech engineering consultancy services provided by the rest of the Altran group. The division formerly known as Praxis (the critical systems specialists) is based in SouthGate, Bath, England, close to Bath Spa railway station, and also has offices in London, Loughborough, Paris, Sophia Antipolis, and Bangalore. Altran UK as a whole has offices in Bath, Bristol, London, Loughborough, Manchester, Slough and Coventry. History The company Praxis Systems Limited was founded by Martyn Thomas and David Bean in 1983: it was incorporated on 1 June 1983 and commenced business on 1 July 1983. On 28 June 1985 it became a Public limited company Praxis Systems plc. Until 1988, Prax ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Altran
Capgemini Engineering (previously known as ''Altran Technologies, SA'') is a global innovation and engineering consulting firm founded in 1982 in France by Alexis Kniazeff and Hubert Martigny. Altran Technologies operated primarily in high technology and innovation industries, which accounted for nearly 75% of its turnover. Administrative and information consultancy accounted for 20% of its turnover with strategy and management consulting making up the rest. The firm is active in most engineering domains, particularly electronics and IT technology. In 2018, Altran generated €2.916 billion in revenues and employed over 46,693 people around the world. Altran was acquired by Capgemini in 2019 and was renamed as "Capgemini Engineering" on 8 April 2021 due to its merge with Capgemini's Engineering and R&D services. History 1980s In 1982, Alexis Kniazeff and Hubert Martigny, ex-consultants of Peat Marwick (today known as KPMG), founded CGS Informatique, which would later bec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Martyn Thomas
Martyn Thomas (born 1948) is a British independent consultant and software engineer. Biography Martyn Thomas founded the software engineering company Praxis in 1983, based in Bath, southern England. He has a special interest in safety-critical systems and other high integrity applications. He has acted as an expert witness involving complex software engineering issues. Thomas was born in Salisbury, southern England. He studied biochemistry at University College London, graduating in 1969, when he started working in the field of computing. Between 1969 and 1983, he was employed at universities in London and the Netherlands, at STC working on telecommunications software, and at the South West Universities Regional Computer Centre in Bath. In 1983, Thomas founded Praxis with David Bean, where he encouraged the use of formal methods within the company for software development. In 1986, Praxis became the first independent systems house to achieve BS 5750 (later ISO 9001) certifica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Companies Established In 1983
A company, abbreviated as co., is a legal entity representing an association of legal people, whether natural, juridical or a mixture of both, with a specific objective. Company members share a common purpose and unite to achieve specific, declared goals. Over time, companies have evolved to have the following features: "separate legal personality, limited liability, transferable shares, investor ownership, and a managerial hierarchy". The company, as an entity, was created by the state which granted the privilege of incorporation. Companies take various forms, such as: * voluntary associations, which may include nonprofit organizations * business entities, whose aim is to generate sales, revenue, and profit * financial entities and banks * programs or educational institutions A company can be created as a legal person so that the company itself has limited liability as members perform or fail to discharge their duties according to the publicly declared incorporat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Integrated Project Support Environment
The Integrated Project Support Environment (IPSE) is a set of management and technical tools to support software development, usually integrated in a coherent framework, equivalent to a Software Engineering Environment. Influential IPSE research was done in the IPSE2.5 project, part of the Alvey The Alvey Programme was a British government sponsored research programme in information technology that ran from 1984 to 1990. The programme was a reaction to the Japanese Fifth Generation project, which aimed to create a computer using massiv ... programme. The name IPSE2.5 is due directly to the identification in the Alvey programme of three generations of IPSEs. The IPSE2.5 project lay somewhere between the second generation (characterised by the use of databases to support the core) and the third generation (characterised by the use of expert systems techniques). IPSE2.5 is credited with defining early versions of the Role and Interaction concepts later used in human interacti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Computer Weekly
''Computer Weekly'' is a digital magazine and website for IT professionals in the United Kingdom owned by Informa TechTarget. It was formerly published as a weekly print magazine by Reed Business Information for over 50 years. Topics covered within the magazine include outsourcing, security, data centres, information management, cloud computing, and mobile computing to computer hacking and strategy for IT management. History ''Computer Weekly'' Issue 1 was published on 22 September 1966, billed as the first ever weekly technology publication. The editor for the first ten years was Chris Hipwell. John Lamb was editor in the 1980s and 1990s. Tony Collins was executive editor from 1989 to 2010.Cliff Saron'Computer Weekly marks the end of an era as a new one begins' in ''Computer Weekly'', 15 April, 2011 The newspaper was available free to IT professionals who met the circulation requirements. A small minority of issues were sold in retail outlets, with the bulk of revenue recei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Air Traffic Services
NATS Holdings, formally National Air Traffic Services and commonly referred to as NATS, provides en-route air traffic control services to flights within the UK flight information regions and the Shanwick Oceanic Control Area. It also provides air traffic control services to 14 UK airports. The company's en-route business is regulated and operated under licence from the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA). History The organisation was originally set up as the National Air Traffic Control Services (NATCS) in 1962, bringing together responsibility for the UK's existing military and civil air traffic control services. The organisation became National Air Traffic Services (NATS) when the responsibility for sponsoring the civil air traffic service component was transferred to the newly formed Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) in 1972. Before this it had no legal existence – all contracts were with the CAA or MoD. Until its establishment as a separate company, the leadership of NATS ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Software Engineering
Software engineering is a branch of both computer science and engineering focused on designing, developing, testing, and maintaining Application software, software applications. It involves applying engineering design process, engineering principles and computer programming expertise to develop software systems that meet user needs. The terms ''programmer'' and ''coder'' overlap ''software engineer'', but they imply only the construction aspect of a typical software engineer workload. A software engineer applies a software development process, which involves defining, Implementation, implementing, Software testing, testing, Project management, managing, and Software maintenance, maintaining software systems, as well as developing the software development process itself. History Beginning in the 1960s, software engineering was recognized as a separate field of engineering. The development of software engineering was seen as a struggle. Problems included software that was over ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Program Validation Limited
Altran UK (formerly known as Altran Praxis, Praxis High Integrity Systems, Praxis Critical Systems, Altran Xype, Xype and Altran Technologies) is a division of parent company Altran. Altran Praxis was a British software house that specialised in critical systems. This role is continued under the banner of high-tech engineering consultancy services provided by the rest of the Altran group. The division formerly known as Praxis (the critical systems specialists) is based in SouthGate, Bath, England, close to Bath Spa railway station, and also has offices in London, Loughborough, Paris, Sophia Antipolis, and Bangalore. Altran UK as a whole has offices in Bath, Bristol, London, Loughborough, Manchester, Slough and Coventry. History The company Praxis Systems Limited was founded by Martyn Thomas and David Bean in 1983: it was incorporated on 1 June 1983 and commenced business on 1 July 1983. On 28 June 1985 it became a Public limited company Praxis Systems plc. Until 1988, Prax ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SPARK (programming Language)
SPARK is a formally defined computer programming language based on the Ada language, intended for developing high integrity software used in systems where predictable and highly reliable operation is essential. It facilitates developing applications that demand safety, security, or business integrity. Originally, three versions of SPARK existed (SPARK83, SPARK95, SPARK2005), based on Ada 83, Ada 95, and Ada 2005 respectively. A fourth version, SPARK 2014, based on Ada 2012, was released on April 30, 2014. SPARK 2014 is a complete re-design of the language and supporting verification tools. The SPARK language consists of a well-defined subset of the Ada language that uses contracts to describe the specification of components in a form that is suitable for both static and dynamic verification. In SPARK83/95/2005, the contracts are encoded in Ada comments and so are ignored by any standard Ada compiler, but are processed by the SPARK ''Examiner'' and its associated tools. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Z Notation
The Z notation is a formal specification language used for describing and modelling computing systems. It is targeted at the clear specification of computer programs and computer-based systems in general. History In 1974, Jean-Raymond Abrial published "Data Semantics". He used a notation that would later be taught in the University of Grenoble until the end of the 1980s. While at EDF ( Électricité de France), working with Bertrand Meyer, Abrial also worked on developing Z. The Z notation is used in the 1980 book ''Méthodes de programmation''. Z was originally proposed by Abrial in 1977 with the help of Steve Schuman and Bertrand Meyer. It was developed further at the Programming Research Group at Oxford University, where Abrial worked in the early 1980s, having arrived at Oxford in September 1979. Abrial has said that Z is so named "Because it is the ultimate language!" although the name " Zermelo" is also associated with the Z notation through its use of Zermelo–Frae ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Formal Methods
In computer science, formal methods are mathematics, mathematically rigorous techniques for the formal specification, specification, development, Program analysis, analysis, and formal verification, verification of software and computer hardware, hardware systems. The use of formal methods for software and hardware design is motivated by the expectation that, as in other engineering disciplines, performing appropriate mathematical analysis can contribute to the reliability and robustness of a design. Formal methods employ a variety of theoretical computer science fundamentals, including logic in computer science, logic calculi, formal languages, automata theory, control theory, program semantics, type systems, and type theory. Uses Formal methods can be applied at various points through the software development process, development process. Specification Formal methods may be used to give a formal description of the system to be developed, at whatever level of detail desired. F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HIS Consulting
Altran UK (formerly known as Altran Praxis, Praxis High Integrity Systems, Praxis Critical Systems, Altran Xype, Xype and Altran Technologies) is a division of parent company Altran. Altran Praxis was a British software house that specialised in critical systems. This role is continued under the banner of high-tech engineering consultancy services provided by the rest of the Altran group. The division formerly known as Praxis (the critical systems specialists) is based in SouthGate, Bath, England, close to Bath Spa railway station, and also has offices in London, Loughborough, Paris, Sophia Antipolis, and Bangalore. Altran UK as a whole has offices in Bath, Bristol, London, Loughborough, Manchester, Slough and Coventry. History The company Praxis Systems Limited was founded by Martyn Thomas and David Bean in 1983: it was incorporated on 1 June 1983 and commenced business on 1 July 1983. On 28 June 1985 it became a Public limited company Praxis Systems plc. Until 1988, Prax ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
