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Alternative Press Syndicate
The Underground Press Syndicate (UPS), later known as the Alternative Press Syndicate (APS), was a network of counterculture of the 1960s, countercultural newspapers and magazines that operated from 1966 into the late 1970s. As it evolved, the Underground Press Syndicate created an Underground Press Service, and later its own magazine. UPS members agreed to allow all other members to freely reprint their contents, to exchange gratis subscriptions with each other, and to occasionally print a listing of all UPS newspapers with their addresses. Anyone who agreed to those terms was allowed to join the syndicate. As a result, countercultural news stories, criticism, and cartoons were widely disseminated, and a wealth of content was available to even the most modest start-up paper. Shortly after the formation of the UPS, the number of Underground press, underground papers throughout North America expanded dramatically. A UPS roster published in November 1966 listed 14 underground papers ...
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Walter Bowart
Walter Howard Bowart (May 14, 1939 – December 18, 2007)Fox, Marglit (Jan. 14, 2008)(obituary). ''New York Times''. was an American leader in the counterculture of the 1960s, counterculture movement of the 1960s, founder and editor of the first underground newspaper in New York City, the ''East Village Other'', and author of the book ''Operation Mind Control''. Life and career Born as Walter Howard Kirby in Omaha, Nebraska, Bowart was adopted as a newborn by Walter and Fenna Bowart. He was raised in Enid, Oklahoma, Enid, Oklahoma, and won a McMahon Scholarship in journalism to the University of Oklahoma. In the early 1960s Bowart moved to New York City to pursue his interest in painting, there he met his first wife Linda Dugmore, daughter of Abstract expressionism, abstract expressionist Edward Dugmore, with whom he had his first son Wolfe Bowart, Wolfe. In 1965, Bowart, along with Ishmael Reed, who named the paper, Sherry Needham, Allen Katzman, and Dan Rattiner founded the ''E ...
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East Lansing, Michigan
East Lansing is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. Most of the city lies within Ingham County, although a small portion extends north into Clinton County. At the 2020 census, the city had a population of 47,741. The city is located immediately east of Lansing, Michigan's capital and sixth most populous city. Both cities are part of the Lansing–East Lansing metropolitan area. East Lansing is a college town, and is home to Michigan State University (MSU), one of the largest public universities in the United States. The city is economically and demographically dominated by MSU. History East Lansing is located on land that was an important junction of two major Native American groups: the Potawatomi and the Fox. By 1850, the Lansing and Howell Plank Road Company was established to connect a toll road to the Detroit and Howell Plank Road, improving travel between Detroit and Lansing, which cut right through what is now East Lansing. The toll road was finished in 1853, a ...
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Charlotte, North Carolina
Charlotte ( ) is the List of municipalities in North Carolina, most populous city in the U.S. state of North Carolina and the county seat of Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, Mecklenburg County. The population was 874,579 at the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, making Charlotte the List of United States cities by population, 14th-most populous city in the United States, the seventh-most populous city in Southern United States, the South, and the second-most populous city in the Southeastern United States, Southeast behind Jacksonville, Florida. Charlotte is the cultural, economic, and transportation center of the Charlotte metropolitan area, whose estimated 2023 population of 2,805,115 ranked Metropolitan statistical area, 22nd in the United States. The Charlotte metropolitan area is part of an 18-county market region and combined statistical area with an estimated population of 3,387,115 as of 2023. Between 2004 and 2014, Charlotte was among the country's fastest-grow ...
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The Inquisition (underground Newspaper)
''Inquisition v. City of Charlotte'' was a landmark First Amendment decision. ''The Inquisition'' was an underground newspaper produced by East Mecklenburg High School students and their various contributors bi-monthly in Charlotte, North Carolina from April 1968 to late 1969. Background ''The Inquisition'' was an underground newspaper produced by high school students—mostly attending East Mecklenburg High School—and their various friends bi-monthly in Charlotte, North Carolina from April 1968 to late 1969. ''Inquisition'' was the first Underground Press Syndicate member from the U.S. South and a member of Liberation News Service. Copies of ''Inquisition'' can be found in 15 university libraries. After a first issue of only 81, the magazine went to 450 then doubled again by the third issue. By its final issues, the newspaper inspired emotional rejections by parents and became an underground icon for teens. ''Inquisition'' reporters are rumored to have taped one of Ji ...
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1967 Detroit Riot
The 1967 Detroit riot, also known as the 12th Street Riot and the Detroit Uprising, was the bloodiest of the urban riots in the United States during the "long, hot summer of 1967". Composed mainly of confrontations between African American residents and the Detroit Police Department, it began in the early morning hours of Sunday, July 23, 1967, in Detroit, Michigan. The precipitating event was a police raid of an unlicensed, after-hours bar, known as a ''blind pig'', on the city's Near West Side. It exploded into one of the deadliest and most destructive social insurgences in American history, lasting five days and surpassing the scale of Detroit's 1943 race riot 24 years earlier. Governor George W. Romney ordered the Michigan Army National Guard into Detroit to help end the disturbance. President Lyndon B. Johnson sent in the United States Army's 82nd and 101st Airborne divisions. The riot resulted in 43 deaths, 1,189 injured, over 7,200 arrests, and more than 400 bui ...
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Chicago Seed (newspaper)
''The Chicago Seed'' was an underground newspaper published biweekly in Chicago, Illinois, from May 1967 to 1974; there were 121 issues published in all. It was notable for its colorful psychedelic graphics and its eclectic, non-doctrinaire radical politics. Important events covered by ''Seed'' writers and artists were the trial of the Chicago Eight, Woodstock, and the murder of Fred Hampton. At its peak, the ''Seed'' circulated between 30,000 and 40,000 copies, with national distribution. Publication history After attending the March 1967 Underground Press Syndicate (UPS) gathering held in Stinson Beach, California, artist Don Lewis and Earl Segal (a.k.a. the Mole, owner of the Mole Hole, a local head shop) launched the ''Seed'' and joined UPS. Peck, Abe. ''Uncovering the Sixties: The Life and Times of the Underground Press'' (New York: Pantheon Books, 1985). The paper also later became a subscriber to the Liberation News Service. Lester Dore took over the art direction ...
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Mendocino, California
Mendocino (Spanish language, Spanish for "of Antonio de Mendoza, Mendoza") is an Unincorporated area#United States, unincorporated community in Mendocino County, California, United States. The name comes from Cape Mendocino to the north, named by early Spanish navigators in honor of Antonio de Mendoza, Viceroy of New Spain. Despite its small size, the town's scenic location on a headland surrounded by the Pacific Ocean has made it extremely popular as an Art colony, artists' colony and with vacationers. Mendocino is located south of Fort Bragg, California, Fort Bragg at an elevation of . For statistical purposes, the United States Census Bureau has defined Mendocino as a census-designated place (CDP). The population of the CDP was 932 at the 2020 United States census, 2020 census. History Prior to 1850, a Pomo people, Pomo settlement named Buldam, California, Buldam was located near Mendocino on the north bank of the Big River (California), Big River. In 1850, the ship ''Fro ...
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Illustrated Paper
''Illustrated Paper'' was a monthly psychedelic underground newspaper published in Mendocino, California from June 1966 to April 1967. Initially issued under the title ''The Paper'', it became the ''Illustrated Paper'' with its third issue. Philip A. Bianchi (Sept. 26, 1938–Sept. 25, 1994) and Walter D. Wells were the editors. It was one of the earliest members of the Underground Press Syndicate (UPS). According to Abe Peck, the editor of the '' Chicago Seed'' who met the staff at the 1967 UPS conference in Stinson Beach, California Stinson Beach is an Unincorporated area#United States, unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Marin County, California, Marin County, California, on the west coast of the United States. Stinson Beach is located east-southea ..., it was an " ''Oracle''-style" paper and the staff raised animals and grew vegetables on communal land.Peck, Abe. ''Uncovering the Sixties'' (New York: Pantheon Books, 1985), p. 44-45. A total o ...
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Liberation News Service
Liberation News Service (LNS) was a New Left, anti-war underground press news agency that distributed news bulletins and photographs to hundreds of subscribing underground, alternative and radical newspapers from 1967 to 1981. Considered the "Associated Press" for the underground press, at its zenith the LNS served more than 500 papers. Founded in Washington, D.C., it operated out of New York City for most of its existence. Overview Liberation News Service distributed news to a wide range of audiences, including African Americans, factory workers, women, ethnic minorities, and high school students; and institutions like bookstores, libraries, community centers, and prisons. One of LNS' mandates was documenting contemporary social movements, including worker strikes in Ohio, miners' rights movements, and the Attica Prison riot. LNS went beyond domestic news, covering international events in Africa, the Dominican Republic, and Latin America. It offered extensive reporting on the V ...
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Thorne Dreyer
Thorne Webb Dreyer (born August 1, 1945) is an American writer, editor, publisher, and political activist who played a major role in the 1960s-1970s Counterculture of the 1960s, counterculture, New Left, and underground press movements. Dreyer now lives in Austin, Texas, where he edits the progressive internet news magazine, ''The Rag Blog'', hosts Rag Radio on KOOP (FM), KOOP 91.7-FM, and is a director of the New Journalism Project. In June 2012 Dreyer topped a published list of Austin's most important political bloggers,Seale, Shelley,"Election 2012: Keep up with Austin's top political bloggers"''CultureMap Austin, June 2, 2012. and in 2011 received the noted Eddy Award for best Austin radio personality. Dreyer was "an influential journalist in the underground press movement of the 1960s and early 1970s," according to the documentary encyclopedia, ''Conflicts in American History'', which included him in a series of 73 short biographies of key figures in "The Postwar and Civil ...
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