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Alphonse Lemerre
Alphonse Lemerre (Canisy, Normandy, France, 1838 – Paris, France, 1912) was a 19th-century French editor and publisher, known especially for having been the first to publish many of the Parnassian poets. Life Alphonse Lemerre was the eighth child of his parents. In 1850, at age 12, he was an errand-boy in Saint-Lô. In 1860, he moved to Paris and quickly rose to prominence, becoming the "Prince de l'édition" (Prince of Publishing) and made his publisher's mark famous, which had the Latin motto ''Fac et spera'' ("''Agis et espère''" in French, "Do and Hope" in English). He opened a library at 23 passage Choiseul. His library occupied also other odd number addresses (23-33, 47). In 1865, he began to edit Parnassian poets in Louis-Xavier de Ricard's revue ''L'Art'', which had ten issues between November 2, 1865, and January 6, 1866. The November issue had an article by Paul Verlaine about Baudelaire. In 1866, Lemerre published ''Le Parnasse contemporain'', a collection of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis Petit De Julleville
Louis Petit de Julleville (18 July 1841 – 28 August 1900) was a French scholar. Life Born in Paris, Petit de Julleville was educated at the École Normale Supérieure and the French School at Athens. He received his doctorate in literature in 1868. After holding various posts as a teacher, he became a professor of French medieval literature and of the history of the French language at the University of Paris , image_name = Coat of arms of the University of Paris.svg , image_size = 150px , caption = Coat of Arms , latin_name = Universitas magistrorum et scholarium Parisiensis , motto = ''Hic et ubique terrarum'' (Latin) , mottoeng = Here and a ... in 1886. Works His most important works are: *''Histoire du théâtre en France'', including ''Les Mystères'' (2 vols, 1880) *''Les Comédiens en France au Moyen âge'' (1885) *''La Comédie et les mœurs en France au Moyen âge'' (1886) *''Répertoire du théâtre comique en France au Moyen âge'' (1886) *''Le Théâtre en Fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catulle Mendès
Catulle Mendès (22 May 1841 – 8 February 1909) was a French poet and man of letters. Early life and career Of Portuguese Jewish extraction, Mendès was born in Bordeaux. After childhood and adolescence in Toulouse, he arrived in Paris in 1859 and quickly became one of the protégés of the poet Théophile Gautier. He promptly attained notoriety with the publication in the '' La Revue fantaisiste'' (1861) of his ''Roman d'une nuit'', for which he was condemned to a month's imprisonment and a fine of 500 francs. He was allied with Parnassianism from the beginning of the movement and displayed extraordinary metrical skill in his first volume of poems, ''Philoméla'' (1863). His critics have noted that the elegant verse of his later volumes is distinguished rather by dexterous imitation of different writers than by any marked originality. The versatility and fecundity of Mendès' talent is shown in his critical and dramatic writings, including several libretti, and in his novels a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Victor De Laprade
Pierre Martin Victor Richard de Laprade (13 January 181213 December 1883), known as Victor de Laprade, was a French poet and critic. Biography He was born at Montbrison, Loire, of a modest provincial family. After completing his studies at Lyon, he produced, in 1839, a small volume of religious verse, ''Les Parfums de Madeleine''. This was followed in 1840 by ''La colère de Jesus'', in 1841 by the religious fantasy of ''Psyche'', and in 1844 by ''Odes et poèmes''. In 1845 Laprade visited Italy on a mission of literary research, and in 1847 he was appointed professor of French literature at Lyon. The Académie française, by a single vote, preferred Émile Augier at the election in 1857, but in the following year Laprade was chosen to fill the place vacated by Alfred de Musset. In 1861 Laprade was removed from his post at Lyon owing to the publication of a poem satirising the Second Empire (''Les Musées d'Etat''), and in 1871 was elected to the National Assembly as a conserva ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean Lahor
Henri Cazalis (; 9 March 1840, Cormeilles-en-Parisis, Val-d'Oise – 1 July 1909, Geneva) was a French physician who was a symbolist poet and man of letters and wrote under the pseudonyms of Jean Caselli and Jean Lahor. His works include: *''Chants populaires de l'Italie'' (1865) *''Vita tristis, Reveries fantastiques, Romances sans musique'' (1865) *''Melancholia'' (1868) *''Le Livre du néant'' (1872) *''Henry Regnault, sa vie et son œuvre'' (1872) *''L'Illusion'' (1875-1893) *''Cantique des cantiques'' (1885) *''Les Quatrains d'Al-Gazali'' (1896) *''William Morris'' (1897). The author of the ''Livre du néant'' had a predilection for gloomy subjects and especially for pictures of death. His oriental habits of thought earned for him the title of the ''Hindou du Parnasse contemporain'' (cf. ''Le Parnasse contemporain''). Some of his poems have been set to music by Camille Saint-Saëns, Henri Duparc, Charles Bordes, Ernest Chausson, Reynaldo Hahn, Edouard Trémisot and Pau ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
José-Maria De Heredia
José-Maria de Heredia (22 November 1842 – 3 October 1905) was a Cuban-born French Parnassian poet. He was the fifteenth member elected for seat 4 of the Académie française in 1894. Biography Early years Heredia was born at Fortuna Cafeyere, near Santiago de Cuba, to Domingo de Heredia Mieses Pimentel Guridi native of Santo Domingo and his second wife, French Louise Girard d'Houville. At the age of eight he went from the West Indies to France, returning then to Havana at age seventeen, and finally making France his home not long afterwards. He received his classical education with the priests of Saint Vincent at Senlis, and after his visit to Havana he studied at the Ecole des Chartes at Paris. During the later 1860s, with François Edouard Joachim Coppée, René François Armand Sully-Prudhomme, Paul Verlaine and others less distinguished, he was one of the poets who associated with Charles Leconte de Lisle, and were given the name of "Parnassiens". Career To th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Léon Dierx
Léon Dierx (; March 31, 1838 – June 11, 1912) was a French poet born in Saint-Denis in 1838. He came to Paris to study at the Central School of Arts and Manufactures and subsequently settled there, taking up a post in the education office. He became a disciple of Leconte de Lisle and one of the most distinguished of the Parnassians. At the death of Stéphane Mallarmé in 1898 he was acclaimed prince of poets by les jeunes. His works include: ''Aspirations'' (1858); ''Poèmes et poésies'' (1864); ''Lèvres closes'' (1867); ''Paroles d'un vaincu'' (1871) ; ''La Rencontre, a dramatic scene'' (1875) and ''Les Amants'' (1879). His ''Poésies complètes ''(1872) were crowned by the French Academy. A complete edition of his works was published in 2 vols., 1894–1896. He was made Chevalier of the Legion of Honour The National Order of the Legion of Honour (french: Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur), formerly the Royal Order of the Legion of Honour ('), is the highest Fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
François Coppée
François Edouard Joachim Coppée (26 January 1842 – 23 May 1908) was a French poet and novelist. Biography Coppée was born in Paris to a civil servant. After attending the Lycée Saint-Louis he became a clerk in the ministry of war and won public favour as a poet of the Parnassian school. His first printed verses date from 1864. In 1869, his "Poème modernes" (among others ''La Grève de forgerons'') were quite successful. In the same year, Coppée's first play, ''Le Passant'', starring Sarah Bernhardt and Madame Agar, was received with approval at the Odéon theatre, and later ''Fais ce que dois'' (1871) and ''Les Bijoux de la délivrance'' (1872), short poetic dramas inspired by the Franco-Prussian War, were applauded. After holding a post in the library of the senate, Coppée was chosen in 1878 as archivist of the Comédie Française, an office he held till 1884. In that year, his election to the Académie française caused him to retire from all public appointments. H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Marie René Leconte De Lisle
Charles Marie René Leconte de Lisle (; 22 October 1818 – 17 July 1894) was a French poet of the Parnassian movement. He is traditionally known by his surname only, Leconte de Lisle''. Biography Leconte de Lisle was born on the French overseas island of La Réunion, in the Indian Ocean. He spent his childhood there and later in Brittany. Among his friends in those years was the musician Charles Bénézit. His father, an army surgeon who brought Leconte up with great severity, sent him to travel in the East Indies intending to prepare him for a business career. However, after returning from this journey, the young man preferred to complete his education in Rennes, Brittany, specializing in Greek, Italian and history. In 1845 he settled definitively in Paris.Jean Mistler Speech at the Bibliothèque nationale (1977) He was involved in the French Revolution of 1848 which ended with the overthrow of the Orleans King Louis-Philppe of France, but took no further part in politics after ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Théodore De Banville
Théodore Faullain de Banville (14 March 1823 – 13 March 1891) was a French poet and writer. His work was influential on the Symbolist movement in French literature in the late 19th century. Biography Banville was born in Moulins in Allier, Auvergne, the son of a captain in the French navy. His boyhood, by his own account, was cheerlessly passed at a ''lycée'' in Paris; he was not harshly treated, but took no part in the amusements of his companions. On leaving school with but slender means of support, he devoted himself to letters, and in 1842 published his first volume of verse (''Les Cariatides''), which was followed by ''Les Stalactites'' in 1846. The poems encountered some adverse criticism, but secured for their author the approbation and friendship of Alfred de Vigny and Jules Janin. From then on, Banville's life was steadily devoted to literary production and criticism. He printed other volumes of verse, among which the ''Odes funambulesques'' (1857) received unstint ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Théophile Gautier
Pierre Jules Théophile Gautier ( , ; 30 August 1811 – 23 October 1872) was a French poet, dramatist, novelist, journalist, and art and literary critic. While an ardent defender of Romanticism, Gautier's work is difficult to classify and remains a point of reference for many subsequent literary traditions such as Parnassianism, Symbolism, Decadence and Modernism. He was widely esteemed by writers as disparate as Balzac, Baudelaire, the Goncourt brothers, Flaubert, Pound, Eliot, James, Proust and Wilde. Life and times Gautier was born on 30 August 1811 in Tarbes, capital of Hautes-Pyrénées département (southwestern France). His father was Jean-Pierre Gautier,See "Cimetières de France et d'ailleurs – La descendance de Théophile Gautier", landrucimetieres.fr/ref> a fairly cultured minor government official, and his mother was Antoinette-Adelaïde Cocard. The family moved to Paris in 1814, taking up residence in the ancient Marais district. Gautier's education comm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romanticism
Romanticism (also known as the Romantic movement or Romantic era) was an artistic, literary, musical, and intellectual movement that originated in Europe towards the end of the 18th century, and in most areas was at its peak in the approximate period from 1800 to 1850. Romanticism was characterized by its emphasis on emotion and individualism, clandestine literature, paganism, idealization of nature, suspicion of science and industrialization, and glorification of the past with a strong preference for the medieval rather than the classical. It was partly a reaction to the Industrial Revolution, the social and political norms of the Age of Enlightenment, and the scientific rationalization of nature. It was embodied most strongly in the visual arts, music, and literature, but had a major impact on historiography, education, chess, social sciences, and the natural sciences. It had a significant and complex effect on politics, with romantic thinkers influencing conservatism, libe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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