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All-Russian Scientific Research Institute Of Technical Physics
All-Russian Scientific Research Institute Of Technical Physics (VNIITF) (russian: Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт технической физики) is a research institute based in Snezhinsk, Russia. It was previously also known as NII-1011 (Scientific Research Institute-1011). Created as a back-up facility for the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Experimental Physics at Kremlev, the All-Russian Institute for Theoretical Physics (VNIITF) has at its disposal expertise in the entire spectrum of work connected with the design and development of nuclear weapons, including nuclear physics, high-pressure physics, hydrodynamics, mathematical modelling, design and technological work on nuclear devices, nuclear effects monitoring. The institute has initiated a number of highly technical conversion projects based on this expertise. It has a collocated experimental plant for production of prototypes designed at the in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federal State Unitary Enterprise
A unitary enterprise (russian: унитарное предприятие) is a government-owned corporation in Russia and some other post-Soviet states. Unitary enterprises are business entities that have no ownership rights to the assets that they use in their operations. This form is possible only for state and municipal enterprises, which respectively operate state or municipal property. The owners of the property of a unitary enterprise have no responsibility for its operation and vice versa. Russia Federal Law No. 161-ФЗ "''On State and Municipal Unitary Enterprises''" (amended July 13, 2015), defines the legal status of unitary enterprises in Russia. The State Duma passed this law on October 11, 2002, and President Putin signed it on November 14, 2002. The assets of unitary enterprises belong to the federal government, to a Russian federal subject, or to a municipality. A unitary enterprise holds assets under economic management (for both state and municipal unitary e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cruise Missile
A cruise missile is a guided missile used against terrestrial or naval targets that remains in the atmosphere and flies the major portion of its flight path at approximately constant speed. Cruise missiles are designed to deliver a large warhead over long distances with high precision. Modern cruise missiles are capable of travelling at high subsonic, supersonic, or hypersonic speeds, are self-navigating, and are able to fly on a non-ballistic, extremely low-altitude trajectory. History The idea of an "aerial torpedo" was shown in the British 1909 film ''The Airship Destroyer'' in which flying torpedoes controlled wirelessly are used to bring down airships bombing London. In 1916, the American aviator Lawrence Sperry built and patented an "aerial torpedo", the Hewitt-Sperry Automatic Airplane, a small biplane carrying a TNT charge, a Sperry autopilot and a barometric altitude control. Inspired by the experiments, the United States Army developed a similar flying bomb cal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet Atomic Bomb Project
The Soviet atomic bomb project was the classified research and development program that was authorized by Joseph Stalin in the Soviet Union to develop nuclear weapons during and after World War II. Although the Soviet scientific community discussed the possibility of an atomic bomb throughout the 1930s, going as far as making a concrete proposal to develop such a weapon in 1940, the full-scale program was not initiated and prioritized until Operation Barbarossa. Because of the conspicuous silence of the scientific publications on the subject of nuclear fission by German, American, and British scientists, Russian physicist Georgy Flyorov suspected that the Allied powers had secretly been developing a "superweapon" since 1939. Flyorov wrote a letter to Stalin urging him to start this program in 1942. Initial efforts were slowed due to the German invasion of the Soviet Union and remained largely composed of the intelligence gathering from the Soviet spy rings working in the U. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mikhail Alexandrovich Bibikin
Mikhail Aleksandrovich Bibikin (1914 – 1980) was a Soviet design engineer, a specialist in the development of nuclear weapons, and a USSR State Prize Laureate (1971). Biography Bibikin was born on 12 January 1914 in the village of Burtsevo, Bogorodsky District, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Nizhny Novgorod Governorate to a peasant family. In 1937, after graduating from Gorky Industrial Institute, he worked as an engineer at Kolomna Machine Building Plant. He served in the Red Army from 1937 to 1939. In 1939, he became a design engineer at Plant No. 92 and at the NKV USSR. In 1944, he was design engineer and leading designer at Leningrad plant "Bolshevik". In 1944, he was awarded the Order of the Red Star for his merits in the development of new types of artillery weapons. In 1949, after graduating from the Leningrad School of Management Training of the USSR Ministry of State Security, he was appointed deputy head of the Poltava Oblast with the USSR Ministry of State Securi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Professor
Professor (commonly abbreviated as Prof.) is an Academy, academic rank at university, universities and other post-secondary education and research institutions in most countries. Literally, ''professor'' derives from Latin as a "person who professes". Professors are usually experts in their field and teachers of the highest rank. In most systems of List of academic ranks, academic ranks, "professor" as an unqualified title refers only to the most senior academic position, sometimes informally known as "full professor". In some countries and institutions, the word "professor" is also used in titles of lower ranks such as associate professor and assistant professor; this is particularly the case in the United States, where the unqualified word is also used colloquially to refer to associate and assistant professors as well. This usage would be considered incorrect among other academic communities. However, the otherwise unqualified title "Professor" designated with a capital let ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vladimir Emelyanovich Neuvazhaev
Vladimir Emelyanovich Neuvazhaev was born in 1935. He is a Soviet and Russian specialist in the field of computational mathematics, Doctor of Physics and Mathematics (1972), professor (1989), USSR State Prize Laureate (1972), and Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation (2006). Biography Neuvazhaev was born on June 30, 1935, in the village of Novodzherelievskaya, Bryukhovetsky District, of Krasnodar territory. In 1956, after graduating from the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics at Rostov State University, he worked in the system of the USSR MSM. In 1956, he was sent to the closed city Chelyabinsk-70 to the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute Of Technical Physics with the appointment of engineer. In 1959, he became senior engineer and group leader, since 1965 - head of department. In 1971, he became Deputy Head of the Mathematical Department for Science at VNIITF. In 1963, he defended his academic degree Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; in 198 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
USSR State Prize
The USSR State Prize (russian: links=no, Государственная премия СССР, Gosudarstvennaya premiya SSSR) was the Soviet Union's state honor. It was established on 9 September 1966. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the prize was followed up by the State Prize of the Russian Federation. The State Stalin Prize ( Государственная Сталинская премия, ''Gosudarstvennaya Stalinskaya premiya''), usually called the Stalin Prize, existed from 1941 to 1954, although some sources give a termination date of 1952. It essentially played the same role; therefore upon the establishment of the USSR State Prize, the diplomas and badges of the recipients of Stalin Prize were changed to that of USSR State Prize. In 1944 and 1945, the last two years of the Second World War, the award ceremonies for the Stalin Prize were not held. Instead, in 1946 the ceremony was held twice: in January for the works created in 1943–1944 and in June for the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgy Nikolaevich Rykovanov
Georgy Nikolaevich Rykovanov (born February 9, 1954, in Vologda) – is a Soviet and Russian nuclear physicist, an organizer of science, a Doctor of Physics and Mathematics (1998), an Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences (2011), and a Hero of Labor of the Russian Federation (2020). Biography In 1969, Rykovanov entered the specialized boarding school # 45 at Leningrad State University, and in 1971 he graduated. In 1977 he graduated from Moscow Engineering Physics Institute. In 1977, he began working at the All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Technical Physics (now RFNC-VNIITF named after Academician E. I. Zababakhin). In 1995, he became the head of the theoretical department; in 1996 – deputy scientific advisor and head of the theoretical department; in 1998 – first deputy director, first deputy scientific supervisor and head of the theoretical department. From 1998 to 2012 he was Director of RFNC-VNIITF (dismissed at his own request.) Beginning May 31 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yevgeny Avrorin
Yevgeny Nikolayevich Avrorin (Russian: Евгений Николаевич Aврорин, 11 July 1932– 9 January 2018), , was a Russian physicist whose career was spent in the former Soviet program of nuclear weapons. Biography Avrorin was born in Leningrad, Soviet Union (now Saint Petersburg in Russia), on 11 July 1932. In 1949, he went to study physics at the Leningrad University and later the University of Kharkiv in Ukraine. In 1952, his family return to Moscow and he went to attend the Moscow State University, and graduate with specialist degree in physics in 1954–55. In 1956, he began preparing his thesis based on RDS-37 studies and was awarded the Doktor Nauk (Russian PhD) on 7 March 1974. Avrorin was directed to KB-11 ('Design Bureau-11), now called All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Experimental Physics (RFNC-VNIIEF)) in the closed city of Sarov, Nizhny Novgorod region. There he worked on the Soviet hydrogen bomb programme. In 1955, he joined the new NII- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgy Pavlovich Lominsky
Georgy Pavlovich Lominsky (; April 23, 1918 – June 17, 1988) was a Soviet organizer, and a leader of research and development work in the field of nuclear weapons in Snezhinsk. He was a lieutenant general and a Lenin Prize Laureate (1962). Biography He was born into the family of a railroad worker - his father, Pavel Vasilyevich, worked as a conductor. His mother, Varvara Mironovna, was a housewife. In addition to Georgy, the family had three daughters Yelena, Leonida, and Maria. His mother died early from tuberculosis in 1931. In 1935 he graduated from high school in the city of Koziatyn. From 1935 to 1938 he was a mechanical engineering student at Kyiv Industrial Institute. Lominsky served in the military since October 15, 1938. From 1938 to May 1941, he was a student at Peter the Great Military Academy of the Strategic Missile Forces. He graduated with honors from the Academy in May 1941 with the qualification: military mechanical engineer. As an excellent student, h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
R-13 (missile)
The R-13 (russian: ракета-13) was a submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM) developed by the Soviet Union starting around 1955. It was assigned the NATO reporting name SS-N-4 Sark and carried the GRAU index 4K50. History Development of the R-13 was authorised by the Soviet Supreme Council on 25 July 1955 for use on the Project 629 and Project 658 submarines. The design work was started by OKB-1 under Sergei Korolev before being transferred to CB Miasskoe engineering / Makeyev Rocket Design Bureau (chief designer - Viktor Makeyev). Final technical specifications was approved by 11 January 1956. Serial production was undertaken at Zlatoust Machine-Building Plant in 1959. The R-13 was a single-stage liquid-fuel rocket and entered service in 1961. This missile was somewhat similar in design to the R-11FM missile, which caused some confusion in Western intelligence services during the Cold War. The missiles were phased out from 1965 to 1975. This missile was the firs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
