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Alfred Harmsworth, 1st Viscount Northcliffe
Alfred Charles William Harmsworth, 1st Viscount Northcliffe (15 July 1865 – 14 August 1922), was a British newspaper and publishing magnate. As owner of the ''Daily Mail'' and the ''Daily Mirror'', he was an early developer of popular journalism, and he exercised vast influence over British popular opinion during the Edwardian era. Lord Beaverbrook said he was "the greatest figure who ever strode down Fleet Street." About the beginning of the 20th century there were increasing attempts to develop popular journalism intended for the working class and tending to emphasize sensational topics. Harmsworth was the main innovator. Northcliffe had a powerful role during the First World War, especially by criticizing the government regarding the Shell Crisis of 1915. He directed a mission to the new ally, the United States, during 1917, and was director of enemy propaganda during 1918. His Amalgamated Press employed writers such as Arthur Mee and John Hammerton, and its subsidiary, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Right Honourable
''The Right Honourable'' ( abbreviation: ''Rt Hon.'' or variations) is an honorific style traditionally applied to certain persons and collective bodies in the United Kingdom, the former British Empire and the Commonwealth of Nations. The term is predominantly used today as a style associated with the holding of certain senior public offices in the United Kingdom, Canada, New Zealand, and to a lesser extent, Australia. ''Right'' in this context is an adverb meaning 'very' or 'fully'. Grammatically, ''The Right Honourable'' is an adjectival phrase which gives information about a person. As such, it is not considered correct to apply it in direct address, nor to use it on its own as a title in place of a name; but rather it is used in the third person along with a name or noun to be modified. ''Right'' may be abbreviated to ''Rt'', and ''Honourable'' to ''Hon.'', or both. ''The'' is sometimes dropped in written abbreviated form, but is always pronounced. Countries with common or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daily Mirror
The ''Daily Mirror'' is a British national daily tabloid. Founded in 1903, it is owned by parent company Reach plc. From 1985 to 1987, and from 1997 to 2002, the title on its masthead was simply ''The Mirror''. It had an average daily print circulation of 716,923 in December 2016, dropping to 587,803 the following year. Its Sunday sister paper is the '' Sunday Mirror''. Unlike other major British tabloids such as '' The Sun'' and the '' Daily Mail'', the ''Mirror'' has no separate Scottish edition; this function is performed by the '' Daily Record'' and the '' Sunday Mail'', which incorporate certain stories from the ''Mirror'' that are of Scottish significance. Originally pitched to the middle-class reader, it was converted into a working-class newspaper after 1934, in order to reach a larger audience. It was founded by Alfred Harmsworth, who sold it to his brother Harold Harmsworth (from 1914 Lord Rothermere) in 1913. In 1963 a restructuring of the media interests of the Ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Illustrated Chips
''Illustrated Chips'' was a British comic magazine published between 26 July 1890 and 12 September 1953. Its publisher was the Amalgamated Press, run by Alfred Harmsworth. Priced at a half-penny, ''Illustrated Chips'' was among a number of Harmsworth publications that challenged the dominance in popularity of the "penny dreadfuls" among British children. After a brief initial run of six issues, ''Illustrated Chips'' was relaunched and ran for 2,997 issues. Harmsworth titles would enjoy a virtual monopoly of comics in the UK until the emergence of DC Thomson comics in the 1930s. In 1953 ''Illustrated Chips'' merged with ''Film Fun''. From May 1896 to the last issue in 1953 the cover page held a comic strip featuring the tramps Weary Willie and Tired Tim (initially named "Weary Waddles and Tired Timmy"). A reader of ''Illustrated Chips'' as a boy, the Weary Willie and Tired Tim characters helped inspire Charlie Chaplin to create his Little Tramp character. Weary Willie and T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Halfpenny (British Pre-decimal Coin)
The British pre-decimal halfpenny, (pronounced ), historically also known as the obol and once abbreviated ''ob.'' (from the Latin 'obulus'), was a denomination of sterling coinage worth of one pound, of one shilling, or of one penny. Originally the halfpenny was minted in copper, but after 1860 it was minted in bronze. In the run-up to decimalisation it ceased to be legal tender from 31 July 1969. The halfpenny featured two different designs on its reverse during its years in circulation. From 1672 until 1936 the image of Britannia appeared on the reverse, and from 1937 onwards the image of the Golden Hind appeared. Like all British coinage, it bore the portrait of the monarch on the obverse. "Halfpenny" was colloquially written ''ha’penny'', and "''d''" was spoken as "a penny ha’penny" or ''three ha’pence'' . "Halfpenny" is a rare example of a word in the English language that has a silent ' f'. Before Decimal Day in 1971, sterling used the Carolingian moneta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Penny Dreadful
Penny dreadfuls were cheap popular serial literature produced during the nineteenth century in the United Kingdom. The pejorative term is roughly interchangeable with penny horrible, penny awful, and penny blood. The term typically referred to a story published in weekly parts of 8 to 16 pages, each costing one penny. The subject matter of these stories was typically sensational, focusing on the exploits of detectives, criminals, or supernatural entities. First published in the 1830s, penny dreadfuls featured characters such as Sweeney Todd, Dick Turpin, Varney the Vampire, and Spring-heeled Jack. The BBC called penny dreadfuls "a 19th-century British publishing phenomenon". By the 1850s, there were up to a hundred publishers of penny-fiction, and in the 1860s and 1870s more than a million boys' periodicals were sold a week. ''The Guardian'' described penny dreadfuls as "Britain's first taste of mass-produced popular culture for the young", and "the Victorian equivalent of vi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harmsworth's Universal Encyclopaedia
''Harmsworth's Universal Encyclopaedia'' is an encyclopedia edited by John Hammerton and published in London, England by The Education Book Co. Ltd., a subsidiary of Northcliffe's Amalgamated Press, in 1921/22. Aimed at a middle-income market around the world, the main encyclopaedia is prefaced with a series of "New Horizons" articles penned by 'eminent publicists'. These include * "Where we Stand" by John Galsworthy * "The Nations and the New Era" by Lord Robert Cecil MP * "Science and the Future" by Lord Moulton * "The Aerial Age" by Viscount Northcliffe * "Industry and the Future" by Lord Askwith * "The Future of Labour" by George Nicoll Barnes. Editions # 1920-22 was initially published as a fortnightly series in 1920-22 and sold twelve million copies throughout the English-speaking world. The subscriber could have the fortnightly magazines bound into volumes at a bookbinder's shop. There were several binding and decorative options according to how much the subscriber ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Children's Encyclopædia
''The Children's Encyclopædia'' was an encyclopaedia originated by Arthur Mee, and published by the Educational Book Company, a subsidiary of Northcliffe's Amalgamated Press, London. It was published from 1908 to 1964. Walter M. Jackson's company Grolier acquired the rights to publish it in the U.S. under the name ''The Book of Knowledge'' (1910). Contents The encyclopaedia was originally published in fortnightly parts between March 1908 and February 1910. Some readers could have bound their collections, but the first eight-volume sets were published in 1910. Each section contained a variety of articles, developing topics as it progressed. The work could be used as a conventional reference library, as the last volume had an alphabetical index, or each section could be read from start to finish. It was originally organised into sections but there were changes in subsequent editions. Some titles covered scientific subjects such as geology, biology and astronomy but such sci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Harmsworth Self-Educator
''The Harmsworth Self-Educator'' was a British educational magazine series "published in forty eight issues between 1905 and 1907" at the instigation of newspaper owner Alfred Harmsworth and edited by Arthur Mee. The purpose of ''The Self-Educator'' was to provide access to education for anyone who wanted to learn applied knowledge and choose a profession. A notable alumnus was Basil Brown, the self-taught astronomer and early excavator of Sutton Hoo. See also * Alfred Harmsworth * Arthur Mee * Basil Brown Basil John Wait Brown (22 January 1888 – 12 March 1977) was an English archaeologist and astronomer. Self-taught, he discovered and excavated a 6th-century Anglo-Saxon ship burial at Sutton Hoo in 1939, which has come to be called "one of th ... References External links Harmsworth Self-Educator, Vol. 1 Magazines established in 1905 Magazines disestablished in 1907 Defunct magazines published in the United Kingdom Education magazines 1905 establishments in t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Alexander Hammerton
Sir John Alexander Hammerton (27 February 1871, in Alexandria, Scotland – 12 May 1949, in London) is described by the '' Dictionary of National Biography'' as "the most successful creator of large-scale works of reference that Britain has known". Collaboration with Arthur Mee Hammerton's first posts in journalism included a period in Nottingham, where he first met his lifelong collaborator and friend, Arthur Mee. In 1905, Hammerton joined Alfred Harmsworth's Amalgamated Press. He and Mee produced the ''Harmsworth Self-Educator''. Work on encyclopedias Hammerton contributed to the first edition of Mee's '' Children's Encyclopædia'', which was a fortnightly series from 1908 till 1910 before being published in eight large volumes. Hammerton's contribution consisted of compiling articles on 'Famous Books' and 'Poetry'. Hammerton's greatest achievement was '' Harmsworth's Universal Encyclopædia''. It was published first as a fortnightly series from 1920 to 1922. The Encyclopa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arthur Mee
Arthur Henry Mee (21 July 187527 May 1943) was an English writer, journalist and educator. He is best known for ''The Harmsworth Self-Educator'', ''The Children's Encyclopædia'', ''The Children's Newspaper'', and ''The King's England''. The tone is looking back to the years immediately after the Great War, even during publication of volumes in the 1940s. Early life He was born on 21 July 1875 at Stapleford near Nottingham, England, the second of the ten children of Henry Mee (b. 1852), railway fireman, and his wife, Mary (née Fletcher). As a boy he earned money from reading the reports of Parliament to a local blind man. Career Mee left school at 14 to join a local newspaper, where he became an editor by age 20. He contributed many non-fiction articles to magazines and joined the staff of ''The Daily Mail'' in 1898. He was made literary editor five years later. In 1903 he began working for publisher Alfred Harmsworth's Amalgamated Press. He was appointed general edito ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amalgamated Press
The Amalgamated Press (AP) was a British newspaper and magazine publishing company founded by journalist and entrepreneur Alfred Harmsworth (1865–1922) in 1901, gathering his many publishing ventures together under one banner. At one point the largest publishing company in the world, AP employed writers such as Arthur Mee, John Alexander Hammerton, Edwy Searles Brooks, and Charles Hamilton. Its subsidiary, the Educational Book Company, published ''The Harmsworth Self-Educator'', ''The Children's Encyclopædia'', and ''Harmsworth's Universal Encyclopaedia''. The company's newspapers included the '' Daily Mail'', the ''Daily Mirror'', '' The Evening News'', ''The Observer'', and ''The Times''. At its height, AP published over 70 magazines and operated three large printing works and paper mills in South London."Amalgamated Press," ''G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shell Crisis Of 1915
The Shell Crisis of 1915 was a shortage of artillery shells on the front lines in the First World War that led to a political crisis in the United Kingdom. Previous military experience led to an over-reliance on shrapnel to attack infantry in the open, which was negated by the resort to trench warfare, for which high-explosive shells were better suited. At the start of the war there was a revolution in doctrine: instead of the idea that artillery was a useful support for infantry attacks, the new doctrine held that heavy guns alone would control the battlefield. Because of the stable lines on the Western Front, it was easy to build railway lines that delivered all the shells the factories could produce. The 'shell scandal' emerged in 1915 because the high rate of fire over a long period was not anticipated and the stock of shells became depleted. The inciting incident was the disastrous Battle of Aubers, which reportedly had been stymied by a lack of shells. The shortage was wid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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