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Alfa Romeo Tonale
The Alfa Romeo Tonale (Type 965) is a compact crossover SUV produced by Italian car manufacturer Alfa Romeo. Introduced in February 2022, the Tonale is the first hybrid-powered Alfa Romeo. It slots below the Alfa Romeo Stelvio and became the first new model introduced by the brand in six years. The Tonale marks the brand's electrification effort, where Alfa Romeo will be the first brand among the 14 brands of Stellantis to go fully electric by 2027. The Tonale is named after the Tonale mountain pass in Northern Italy. In August 2022, a rebadged and restyled version was unveiled as the Dodge Hornet, exclusive to the North American market as the smallest, entry-level SUV offering from Dodge with emphasis put on performance. The Hornet will be sold alongside the Tonale in the region with different specs and lower pricing. Overview The production version was originally scheduled for release in 2021, but it was delayed until 2022 due to the global semiconductor shortage and Al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfa Romeo
Alfa Romeo Automobiles S.p.A. () is an Italian luxury car manufacturer and a subsidiary of Stellantis. The company was founded on 24 June 1910, in Milan, Italy. "Alfa" is an acronym of its founding name, "Anonima Lombarda Fabbrica Automobili." "Anonima" means "anonymous", which was a legal form of company at the time ( Società anonima). In the initial set-up phase, in order to have a building to produce cars, the company bought the Portello factory building of Darracq in Milan, which was closing up and selling all its assets. The brand is known for sport-oriented vehicles and has been involved in car racing since 1911. Alfa Romeo was owned by Fiat Chrysler Automobiles, the company that was responsible for the production of Alfa Romeo cars until its operations were fully merged with those of the PSA Group to form Stellantis on 16 January 2021. The first car produced by the company was the 1910 24 HP, designed by Giuseppe Merosi. A.L.F.A. ventured into motor racing, with driv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inline-four Engine
A straight-four engine (also called an inline-four) is a four-cylinder piston engine where cylinders are arranged in a line along a common crankshaft. The vast majority of automotive four-cylinder engines use a straight-four layout (with the exceptions of the flat-four engines produced by Subaru and Porsche) and the layout is also very common in motorcycles and other machinery. Therefore the term "four-cylinder engine" is usually synonymous with straight-four engines. When a straight-four engine is installed at an inclined angle (instead of with the cylinders oriented vertically), it is sometimes called a slant-four. Between 2005 and 2008, the proportion of new vehicles sold in the United States with four-cylinder engines rose from 30% to 47%. By the 2020 model year, the share for light-duty vehicles had risen to 59%. Design A four-stroke straight-four engine always has a cylinder on its power stroke, unlike engines with fewer cylinders where there is no power stroke occu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tonale Pass
Tonale Pass ( it, Passo del Tonale) (el. 1883 m./6178 ft.) is a high mountain pass in northern Italy across the Rhaetian Alps, between Lombardy and Trentino. It connects Valcamonica and Val di Sole. It is delimited by the Ortler Alps to the north and the Adamello range to the south. The pass has hotels and shops for tourists in winter, as the land around the pass is used for winter sports - mainly skiing (see Adamello Ski Raid) and snowboarding. During World War I the place was heavily fought for between Italians holding Western side (Lombardy) and the troops of Habsburg Empire holding the Eastern side (Trentino). A memorial for the fallen Italian soldiers was erected during the fascist period. See also * List of highest paved roads in Europe * List of mountain passes * Tonalite Tonalite is an igneous, plutonic ( intrusive) rock, of felsic composition, with phaneritic (coarse-grained) texture. Feldspar is present as plagioclase (typically oligoclase or ande ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stellantis
Stellantis N.V. is a multinational automotive manufacturing corporation formed in 2021 on the basis of a 50–50 cross-border merger between the Italian-American conglomerate Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (FCA) and the French PSA Group. The company is headquartered in Amsterdam. In terms of global vehicle sales in 2021, Stellantis was the world's fifth-largest automaker behind Toyota, Volkswagen, Hyundai, and General Motors. The primary listings for the company's stock are on Milan's Borsa Italiana and on Euronext Paris. The principal activity of Stellantis is the design, development, manufacture and sale of automobiles bearing its 16 brands of Abarth, Alfa Romeo, Chrysler, Citroën, Dodge, DS, Fiat, Fiat Professional, Jeep, Lancia, Maserati, Mopar, Opel, Peugeot, Ram, and Vauxhall. At the time of the merger, Stellantis had approximately 300,000 employees, a presence in more than 130 countries with manufacturing facilities in 30 countries. Etymology The name comes fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfa Romeo Stelvio
The Alfa Romeo Stelvio (Type 949) is a compact luxury crossover SUV manufactured and marketed by the Alfa Romeo subdivision of Stellantis (formerly with FCA), first revealed at the 2016 Los Angeles Auto Show, and entering production at the Cassino Plant at the end of 2016. It is currently Alfa Romeo's best-selling model, with roughly 43,000 sold in 2018. The Stelvio uses FCA's Giorgio platform, shared with the D-segment Giulia saloon. The name ''Stelvio'' derives from the Stelvio Pass, Italy's highest mountain pass, noted for its 48 circuitous switchbacks. History and development Preceded by Alfa Romeo's first off roader, the Matta, in the 1950s and the Kamal concept car in March 2003, the Stelvio is Alfa Romeo's first production SUV, using a modified version of the Giorgio platform, shared with the Giulia, and available in both rear and all-wheel drive configurations. The high-performance trim of the Stelvio, the Quadrifoglio, was unveiled on 16 November 2016 at the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Compact Crossover SUV
Compact crossover SUV is an automobile classification used mainly in North America to describe a segment of crossover SUV, a type of sport utility vehicle, between subcompact crossover SUV and mid-size crossover SUV. By late 2010s, the segment has emerged as the most popular automobile segment in several regions. For example, nearly 1 in every 4 cars sold in the United States in 2019 is a compact crossover, precisely at about 24.2 percent. The best-selling vehicle in the segment in 2020 was the Toyota RAV4, with 995,762 units sold globally. It is also the second best-selling automobile in the world after the Toyota Corolla. Terminology The term "compact crossover SUV" is most commonly used in the North America, where the "compact car" and "crossover" terms originated from. It is also known as C-segment SUV or C-SUV. The naming of the segment also differ depending on the market. In several regions outside North America, the category may be known as "mid-size/medium crossover" o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lithium-ion
A lithium-ion or Li-ion battery is a type of rechargeable battery which uses the reversible reduction of lithium ions to store energy. It is the predominant battery type used in portable consumer electronics and electric vehicles. It also sees significant use for grid-scale energy storage and military and aerospace applications. Compared to other rechargeable battery technologies, Li-ion batteries have high energy densities, low self-discharge, and no memory effect (although a small memory effect reported in LFP cells has been traced to poorly made cells). Chemistry, performance, cost and safety characteristics vary across types of lithium-ion batteries. Most commercial Li-ion cells use intercalation compounds as the active materials. The anode or negative electrode is usually graphite, although silicon-carbon is also being increasingly used. Cells can be manufactured to prioritize either energy or power density. Handheld electronics mostly use lithium polymer batteries (w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plug-in Hybrid
A plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) is a hybrid electric vehicle whose battery pack can be recharged by plugging a charging cable into an external electric power source, in addition to internally by its on-board internal combustion engine-powered generator. Most PHEVs are passenger cars, but there are also PHEV versions of commercial vehicles and vans, utility trucks, buses, trains, motorcycles, mopeds, and even military vehicles. Similar to all-electric vehicles (BEVs), PHEVs displace greenhouse gas emissions from the car tailpipe exhaust to the power station generators powering the electricity grid. These centralized generators may be of renewable energy (e.g. solar, wind or hydroelectric) and largely emission-free, or have an overall lower emission intensity than individual internal combustion engines. Compared to conventional hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), PHEVs have a larger battery pack that can be charged from the power grid, which is also more efficient ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mild Hybrid
Mild hybrids (also known as power-assist hybrids, battery-assisted hybrid vehicles or BAHVs) are generally cars with an internal combustion engine equipped with an electric machine (one motor/generator in a parallel hybrid configuration) allowing the engine to be turned off whenever the car is coasting, braking, or stopped, and then quickly restarted once power is again required. Mild hybrids may employ regenerative braking and some level of power assist to the internal combustion engine (ICE), but mild hybrids do not have an electric-only mode of propulsion. Overview The mild hybrid's electric motor provides greater efficiency through the use of a single device that is essentially an integrated starter/alternator sometimes known as a generator-motor unit. A typical mild-hybrid setup uses a belt-powered generator-motor unit driven off the engine to supply power to a small battery. The generator is also powered through regenerative braking, enabling power that would otherwise be dis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ZF 9HP Transmission
9HP is ZF Friedrichshafen AG's trademark name for its nine-speed automatic transmission models (9-speed transmission with Hydraulic converter and Planetary gearsets) for transverse engine applications, designed by ZF Friedrichshafen, ZF's subsidiary in Saarbrücken and built in Gray Court, South Carolina. It is used in front-wheel drive and all-wheel drive vehicles. Abstract Land Rover and Jeep demonstrated the world's first nine-speed automatic transmissions for passenger cars at the 2013 Geneva Motor Show. The Jeep Cherokee (KL), 2014 Jeep Cherokee featured the world's first nine-speed automatic transmission for a passenger vehicle to market. Specifications Basic Concept The 9HP is only 0.24 inches (6 mm) longer than, and weighs 16.5 lbs (7.5 kg) less than, the outgoing six-speed transmission. The compact packaging is achieved by using a number of innovative design features: a new compact hydraulic vane-type pump, two patented dog clutches, which replace bul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euro Twin Clutch Transmission
The C635 DDCT is a six-speed, dual-dry-clutch automatic transmission developed jointly by Fiat Powertrain Technologies (FPT), Magneti Marelli and BorgWarner, and is manufactured by FPT at the Verrone, Italy plant. The transmission utilizes a control system produced by Magneti Marelli which integrates BorgWarner's hydraulic actuation module into its own power and transmission control units. It is marketed variously under the trade names ''TCT'' - ''Twin Clutch Transmission'' (Alfa Romeo), ''Euro Twin Clutch Transmission'' ( Fiat USA), ''TCSS'' - ''The Twin Clutch System'' (Suzuki) and ''Dual-Dry-Clutch Auto Transmission'' (Dodge). Able to receive torque inputs of up to , the transmission is the highest-torque transverse dual-dry-clutch application.(2012) It weighs , including oil and transmission control unit. Applications * Alfa Romeo Tonale/Dodge Hornet *Alfa Romeo 4C *Alfa Romeo MiTo *Alfa Romeo Giulietta *Dodge Dart *Fiat 500L *Fiat 500X *Fiat Tipo (2015) *Fiat Viaggio *Jeep R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fiat Powertrain Technologies
FPT Industrial is an Italian multinational designer and manufacturer of transmissions, axles, diesel and petrol engines that was established in March 2005 as a Fiat Group division which included all the activities related to powertrains and transmissions. The company was formed following the dissolution of the alliance between Fiat and General Motors. Between 2005 and 2011, the company also included industrial and commercial powertrain activities that were subsequently spun off as a separate entity named FPT Industrial, which is currently an Iveco Group brand. The company has activities in nine different countries, it has 10 plants and around 20,000 employees. With output of around 2.9 million engines and 2.4 million transmissions and axles annually, FPT Industrial is one of the largest companies in the powertrain sector. FPT innovations * Variable Valve Timing (1960). First patent of automotive variable valve timing * Common Rail technology (1997). Patent sold to Robert B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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