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Alexandre Jamar
Alexandre Marie Auguste Jamar (6 November 1821 – 15 August 1888) was a Belgian businessman, liberal politician, and former governor of the National Bank of Belgium (NBB) from 1882 until 1888. From 1868 to 1870, he was the minister of public works in the government of Walthère Frère-Orban. Career Born in Brussels on 6 November 1821, Jamar started his career at the age of 17, when he became a partner in the family printing business of his brother. Later on he became a commissioner for the ' and had a seat on the first management board of the Caisse générale d'épargne et de retraite and the '. Jamar became a censor at the NBB in 1865 and a member of the discount committee of the NBB. In 1870 he became the director of the NBB and in 1882 the governor of the National Bank of Belgium. During his time in office, he had to deal with the consequences of an economic depression. In addition he had to deal with problems within the Latin Monetary Union, caused by the refusal of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexandre Jamar (1821-1888)
Alexandre Marie Auguste Jamar (6 November 1821 – 15 August 1888) was a Belgian businessman, liberal politician, and former governor of the National Bank of Belgium (NBB) from 1882 until 1888. From 1868 to 1870, he was the minister of public works in the government of Walthère Frère-Orban. Career Born in Brussels on 6 November 1821, Jamar started his career at the age of 17, when he became a partner in the family printing business of his brother. Later on he became a commissioner for the ' and had a seat on the first management board of the Caisse générale d'épargne et de retraite The Algemene Spaar- en Lijfrentekas / Caisse générale d'épargne et de retraite (ASLK / CGER, ) was a major Belgian public bank, originally created in 1850 as a pension institution. It was acquired in stages between 1993 and 1998 by Fortis Gro ... and the '. Jamar became a censor at the NBB in 1865 and a member of the discount committee of the NBB. In 1870 he became the director of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belgium
Belgium, ; french: Belgique ; german: Belgien officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Northwestern Europe. The country is bordered by the Netherlands to the north, Germany to the east, Luxembourg to the southeast, France to the southwest, and the North Sea to the northwest. It covers an area of and has a population of more than 11.5 million, making it the 22nd most densely populated country in the world and the 6th most densely populated country in Europe, with a density of . Belgium is part of an area known as the Low Countries, historically a somewhat larger region than the Benelux group of states, as it also included parts of northern France. The capital and largest city is Brussels; other major cities are Antwerp, Ghent, Charleroi, Liège, Bruges, Namur, and Leuven. Belgium is a sovereign state and a federal constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system. Its institutional organization is complex and is structured on both regional ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Bank Of Belgium
The National Bank of Belgium (NBB; nl, Nationale Bank van België, french: Banque nationale de Belgique, german: Belgische Nationalbank) has been the central bank of Belgium since 1850. The National Bank of Belgium was established with 100% private capital by a law of 5 May 1850 as a '' naamloze vennootschap'' (NV). It is a member of the European System of Central Banks. The Governor of the National Bank is a member of the Governing Council, the main decision-making body of the Eurosystem, particularly as regards monetary policy; the National Bank of Belgium participates in the preparation and execution of its decisions. Apart from monetary policy, the National Bank of Belgium takes on other tasks which can be classified as follows: *the issuing of euro banknotes *the printing of euro banknotes and the placing in circulation of euro coins *the management of foreign currency reserves *the collection, circulation and analysis of economic and financial information *the stabilit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Walthère Frère-Orban
Hubert Joseph Walthère Frère-Orban (24 April 1812 – 2 January 1896) was a Belgian liberal statesman. Early life He was born at Liège, received his education at home and in Paris, and began the practice of law in his native town. He identified himself with the Liberal party, and was conspicuous in the controversy with the Catholic clergy. Career In 1846, he wrote the program, which was accepted as the charter for a liberal political party. In 1847 he was elected to the Belgian Chamber and appointed Minister of Public Works. and from 1848 to 1852 he held the portfolio of Finance. He founded the national bank of Belgium, reduced postage, abolished the newspaper tax and was a strong advocate of free trade. His work, ' (1854–57), directed against the Conservatives, produced a great effect on the position of parties in Belgium. As a result, in 1857, the Liberals returned to power and Frère-Orban became once more minister of Finance in the cabinet of Charles Rogier, whom he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brussels
Brussels (french: Bruxelles or ; nl, Brussel ), officially the Brussels-Capital Region (All text and all but one graphic show the English name as Brussels-Capital Region.) (french: link=no, Région de Bruxelles-Capitale; nl, link=no, Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest), is a region of Belgium comprising 19 municipalities, including the City of Brussels, which is the capital of Belgium. The Brussels-Capital Region is located in the central portion of the country and is a part of both the French Community of Belgium and the Flemish Community, but is separate from the Flemish Region (within which it forms an enclave) and the Walloon Region. Brussels is the most densely populated region in Belgium, and although it has the highest GDP per capita, it has the lowest available income per household. The Brussels Region covers , a relatively small area compared to the two other regions, and has a population of over 1.2 million. The five times larger metropolitan area of Brusse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caisse Générale D'épargne Et De Retraite
The Algemene Spaar- en Lijfrentekas / Caisse générale d'épargne et de retraite (ASLK / CGER, ) was a major Belgian public bank, originally created in 1850 as a pension institution. It was acquired in stages between 1993 and 1998 by Fortis Group. In 1996 it took over Société Nationale de Crédit à l'Industrie (SNCI), another Belgian public bank. In 1999 Fortis merged it with Generale Bank and other operations to form Fortis Bank, which in turn was integrated from 2009 into BNP Paribas. History The institution was the brainchild of Belgian statesman Walthère Frère-Orban, who by law of created Belgium's (), and on transformed it into the CGER by expanding it with a savings bank (french: caisse d'épargne). One of Frère-Orban's aims was to mitigate the dominance of the Société Générale de Belgique in the Belgian financial system, a concern that also led to his creation of the National Bank of Belgium in 1850 following limited success of an earlier attempt, the , cr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Latin Monetary Union
The Latin Monetary Union (LMU) was a 19th-century system that unified several European currencies into a single currency that could be used in all member states when most national currencies were still made out of gold and silver. It was established in 1865 and disbanded in 1927. Many countries minted coins according to the LMU standard even though they did not formally accede to the LMU treaty. History Preliminary context The LMU adopted the specifications of the French gold franc, which had been introduced by Napoleon I in 1803 and was struck in denominations of 5, 10, 20, 40, 50 and 100 francs, with the 20 franc coin ( of .900 fine gold struck on a planchet) being the most common. In the French system the gold franc was interchangeable with the silver franc based on an exchange ratio of 1:15.5, which was the approximate relative value of the two metals at the time of the law of 1803. Initial treaty By treaty dated 23 December 1865, France, Belgium, Italy, and Switzerland fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Banknote
A banknote—also called a bill (North American English), paper money, or simply a note—is a type of negotiable instrument, negotiable promissory note, made by a bank or other licensed authority, payable to the bearer on demand. Banknotes were originally issued by commercial banks, which were legally required to Redemption value, redeem the notes for legal tender (usually gold or silver coin) when presented to the chief cashier of the originating bank. These commercial banknotes only traded at face value in the market served by the issuing bank. Commercial banknotes have primarily been replaced by national banknotes issued by central banks or monetary authority, monetary authorities. National banknotes are often – but not always – legal tender, meaning that courts of law are required to recognize them as satisfactory payment of money debts. Historically, banks sought to ensure that they could always pay customers in coins when they presented banknotes for payment. This p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
André-Eugène Pirson
André-Eugène Pirson (21 March 1817 – 28 December 1881) was a Belgian liberal politician, civil servant, and former governor of the National Bank of Belgium (NBB) from 1877 until 1881. From 1857 to 1861, he was a member of the Belgian Chamber of Representatives. Career Born in Dinant, he started his career in the army, but left after four years of service to become the State cashier's agent for the Société Générale de Belgique, first in Oudenaarde, and later in Tournai until 1850 when the National Bank of Belgium was established. André-Eugène Pirson continued his career at the National Bank as an agent for the NBB in Tournai. In 1855, he set up a discount office in Tournai and also worked as acommissioner and administrator of a number of savings banks. In 1864 he was appointed director of the National Bank, and became vice-governor under Eugène Prévinaire, whom he succeeded in 1877. During his term of office he was confronted by and economic recession and growing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eugène Anspach
Eugène Guillaume Anspach (7 February 1833 – 21 December 1890) was a Belgian lawyer, civil servant, and former governor of the National Bank of Belgium (NBB) from 1888 until 1890. Born in Brussels, he was a convinced protestant. Career He was appointed as censor of the NBB in 1864 and as a member of the discount committee of the bank in 1868. In 1870 he was made a director and in 1882 he became vice-governor. He was appointed governor of the bank in 1888. As governor of the National Bank of Belgium he took an interest in the efficient organisation of the discount offices and the branches of the NBB. The gradual disintegration of the Latin Monetary Union made him, together with Eudore Pirmez and Walthère Frère-Orban Hubert Joseph Walthère Frère-Orban (24 April 1812 – 2 January 1896) was a Belgian liberal statesman. Early life He was born at Liège, received his education at home and in Paris, and began the practice of law in his native town. He identif ..., try to r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1821 Births
Eighteen or 18 may refer to: * 18 (number), the natural number following 17 and preceding 19 * one of the years 18 BC, AD 18, 1918, 2018 Film, television and entertainment * ''18'' (film), a 1993 Taiwanese experimental film based on the short story ''God's Dice'' * ''Eighteen'' (film), a 2005 Canadian dramatic feature film * 18 (British Board of Film Classification), a film rating in the United Kingdom, also used in Ireland by the Irish Film Classification Office * 18 (''Dragon Ball''), a character in the ''Dragon Ball'' franchise * "Eighteen", a 2006 episode of the animated television series '' 12 oz. Mouse'' Music Albums * ''18'' (Moby album), 2002 * ''18'' (Nana Kitade album), 2005 * '' 18...'', 2009 debut album by G.E.M. Songs * "18" (5 Seconds of Summer song), from their 2014 eponymous debut album * "18" (One Direction song), from their 2014 studio album ''Four'' * "18", by Anarbor from their 2013 studio album '' Burnout'' * "I'm Eighteen", by Alice Cooper commo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1888 Deaths
In Germany, 1888 is known as the Year of the Three Emperors. Currently, it is the year that, when written in Roman numerals, has the most digits (13). The next year that also has 13 digits is the year 2388. The record will be surpassed as late as 2888, which has 14 digits. Events January–March * January 3 – The 91-centimeter telescope at Lick Observatory in California is first used. * January 12 – The Schoolhouse Blizzard hits Dakota Territory, the states of Montana, Minnesota, Nebraska, Kansas, and Texas, leaving 235 dead, many of them children on their way home from school. * January 13 – The National Geographic Society is founded in Washington, D.C. * January 21 – The Amateur Athletic Union is founded by William Buckingham Curtis in the United States. * January 26 – The Lawn Tennis Association is founded in England. * February 6 – Gillis Bildt becomes Prime Minister of Sweden (1888–1889). * February 27 – In West O ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
