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Alexander Ross (missionary)
Alexander Ross (31 October 1838 – 6 May 1884) was a Scottish missionary with the United Presbyterian Church (Scotland) in Duke Town, Old Calabar, West Africa along with other notable missionaries including William Anderson, Hugh Goldie, and Mary Slessor. Making two separate expeditions in 1877 and 1878, Ross was the first white man to venture south of Old Calabar to the palm-oil town oOdobo He discovered the Falls of Komè ('Düben' falls]) on the List of rivers of Cameroon, River Meme and recorded details of the places, customs and languages of Efut. In 1881 the Mission was torn apart by a schism between Ross and Anderson that was to be a crucial link in the chain of events which led to the annexation by Britain of the territory from Calabar to the Niger. Early life Ross was born on 31 October 1838 at Braefindon in the parish of Urquhart and Logie Wester, Ross and Cromarty, Scotland. He was the second of twelve children born to Ranald Ross, a carpenter, and his wife, Jan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Urquhart And Logie Wester
Urquhart and Logie Wester is a parish within the county of Ross and Cromarty, Scotland. It is situated in the area known as the Black Isle and is in the Highland (council area). History The parishes of Urquhart and Logiebride were united to form one parish in 1845. Logiebride forms the western half of the parish hence Logie Wester, and Urquhart forms the eastern half. Both Urquhart and Logiebride previously had their own parish churches, both of which are now in ruins. However today there are several more modern churches in the parish of Urquhart and Logie Wester. The Battle of Logiebride took place in 1597. A medieval parish and a parish for civil and religious purposes from the sixteenth century until 1975. The boundaries of the civil parish were altered by the Boundary Commissioners in 1891.ScotlandsPlaces, Parish Urquhart and Logie Wester The largest village within the parish is Conon Bridge. Other settlements within the parish include the village Easter Kinkell, the hamlet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inverness
Inverness (; from the gd, Inbhir Nis , meaning "Mouth of the River Ness"; sco, Innerness) is a city in the Scottish Highlands. It is the administrative centre for The Highland Council and is regarded as the capital of the Highlands. Historically it served as the county town of the county of Inverness-shire. Inverness lies near two important battle sites: the 11th-century battle of Blàr nam Fèinne against Norway which took place on the Aird, and the 18th century Battle of Culloden which took place on Culloden Moor. It is the northernmost city in the United Kingdom and lies within the Great Glen (Gleann Mòr) at its northeastern extremity where the River Ness enters the Beauly Firth. At the latest, a settlement was established by the 6th century with the first royal charter being granted by Dabíd mac Maíl Choluim (King David I) in the 12th century. Inverness and Inverness-shire are closely linked to various influential clans, including Clan Mackintosh, Clan Fraser and Cl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calabar River
The Calabar River in Cross River State, Nigeria flows from the north past the city of Calabar, joining the larger Cross River about to the south. The river at Calabar forms a natural harbor deep enough for vessels with a draft of . The Calabar River was once a major source of slaves brought down from the interior to be shipped west in the Atlantic slave trade. Slaving was suppressed by 1860, but the port of Calabar remained important in the export of palm oil and other products, until it was eclipsed by Port Harcourt in the 1920s. With improved roads into the interior, Calabar has regained importance as a port and is growing rapidly. The tropical rain forest in the Calabar River basin is rapidly being destroyed, and pollution is decreasing fish and shrimp catches in the estuary. Those that are caught have unsafe levels of contaminants. Location The Calabar River drains part of the Oban Hills in the Cross River National Park. The geology of the river basin includes the Pre-Camb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Efik Language
Efik (''Usem Efịk'') is the indigenous language of the Efik people, who are situated in the present-day Cross River state and Akwa Ibom state of Nigeria, as well as in the North-West of Cameroon. The Efik language is mutually intelligible with other lower Cross River languages such as Ibibio, Annang, Oro and Ekid but the degree of intelligibility in the case of Oro and Ekid is unidirectional; in other words, speakers of these languages speak and understand Efik (and Ibibio) but not vice versa. The Efik vocabulary has been enriched and influenced by external contact with the British, Portuguese and other surrounding communities such as Balondo, Oron, Efut, Okoyong, Efiat and Ekoi (Qua). Classification The Efik Language has undergone several linguistic classifications since the 19th century. The first attempt at classifying the Efik Language was by Dr. Baikie in 1854. Baikie, p.420 Dr Baikie had stated, "All the coast dialects from One to Old Kalabar, are, either directly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Physostigma Venenosum
''Physostigma venenosum'', the Calabar bean or ordeal bean, is a leguminous plant, Endemic to tropical Africa, with a seed poisonous to humans. It derives the first part of its scientific name from a curious beak-like appendage at the end of the stigma, in the centre of the flower; this appendage, though solid, was supposed to be hollow (hence the name from , a bladder, and stigma). Growth The plant is a large, herbaceous, climbing perennial, with the stem woody at the base, up to in diameter; it has a habit like the scarlet runner, and attains a height of about . The flowers, appearing in axillary peduncles, are large, about long, grouped in pendulous, fascicled racemes pale-pink or purplish, and heavily veined. The seed pods, which contain two or three seeds or beans, are in length; and the beans are about the size of an ordinary horse bean but less flattened, with a deep chocolate-brown color. Toxicology Calabar bean contains physostigmine, a reversible cholinesterase inh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Efik People
The Efik are an ethnic group located primarily in southern Nigeria, and western Cameroon. Within Nigeria, the Efik can be found in the present-day Cross River State and Akwa Ibom state. The Efik speak the Efik language which is a member of the Benue–Congo subfamily of the Niger-Congo language group. The Efik refer to themselves as Efik Eburutu, Ifa Ibom, Eburutu and Iboku. Simmons, p.11 The name Efik first appears in historical literature in the nineteenth century. The most popular historical accounts of Efik migration attest a movement from Ibom in Arochukwu to Uruan and from Uruan to numerous settlements along the lower Cross river. The bulk of the Efik can be found in Calabar. Prior to 1905, Old Calabar was a term used to describe the Efik settlements of Duke Town, Creek Town, Old town, Cobham town, Henshaw town, Adiabo and Mbiabo (consisting of Mbiabo edere, Mbiabo Ikot Offiong and Mbiabo Ikoneto).Cotton, p.302 The Efik have also been referred to as "Calabar people" in histor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scottish Protestant Missions
Scottish Protestant missions are organised programmes of outreach and conversion undertaken by Protestant denominations within Scotland, or by Scottish people. Long after the triumph of the Church of Scotland in the Scottish Lowlands, Lowlands, Highlands and Islands, Highlanders and Islanders clung to a form of Christianity infused with Animism, animistic folk beliefs and practices. From 1708 the Scottish Society for the Promotion of Christian Knowledge (SSPCK) began working in the area. In 1797 James Haldane founded the non-denominational Society for the Propagation of the Gospel at Home. Dozens of lay preachers, divinity students and English preachers were sent to the region. In the early nineteenth century a variety of organisations were formed to support Evangelical revival in Scotland, evangelism to the region. From the late eighteenth century the Industrial Revolution in Scotland, Industrial Revolution led to a rapid urbanisation of Scottish society. This created alarm amongst ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
