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Album Amicorum
The ''album amicorum'' ('album of friends', friendship book) was an early form of the poetry book and the modern friendship book. It emerged during the reformation period, during which it was popular to collect autographs from noted reformers. In the 1700s, the trend of the friendship book was still mainly limited to the Protestant people instead of the Catholics. These books were particularly popular with university students into the early decades of the 19th century. Noteworthy are the pre-printed pages of a friendship book ( Stammbuchblatt) from 1770 onwards, published as a loose-leaf collection by the bookbinder and pressman Johannes Carl Wiederhold (1743-1826) from Göttingen. ''kulturerbe.niedersachsen.de'' (n.d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stammbuch J V Deyger
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The German term Stammbuch may refer to: *a roll of arms, a book of coats of arms *an ''album amicorum'', a book of friends' autographs See also * Stambach (other) * Stammbach Stammbach is a market town and municipality in the district of Hof in Bavaria in Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greeting
Greeting is an act of communication in which human beings intentionally make their presence known to each other, to show attention to, and to suggest a type of relationship (usually cordial) or social status (formal or informal) between individuals or groups of people coming in contact with each other. Greetings are sometimes used just prior to a conversation or to greet in passing, such as on a sidewalk or trail. While greeting tradition, customs are highly culture- and situation-specific and may change within a culture depending on social status and relationship, they exist in all known human cultures. Greetings can be expressed both audibly and physically, and often involve a combination of the two. This topic excludes military and ceremonial salutes but includes rituals other than gestures. A greeting, or salutation, can also be expressed in written communications, such as letters and emails. Some epochs and cultures have had very elaborate greeting rituals, e.g. greetin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rolf Wilhelm Brednich
Rolf Wilhelm Brednich (born February 1935 in Worms) is a German Europeanist ethnologist and ethnographer (''Volkskundler'') and folklorist. Biography Brednich studied ''Volkskunde'', German studies, history, and theology at the Universities of Tübingen and Mainz, in Germany, getting his doctorate from the latter with a dissertation entitled ''Volkserzählungen und Volksglaube von den Schicksalsfrauen''. Between 1963 and 1980 he was the leader of the Deutsches Volksliedarchiv in Freiburg. From 1965 through 1974 he was head of the commission for song, music and dance research within the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Volkskunde. From 1969 und 1881, he taught at the University of Freiburg, receiving his habilitation in 1973 with his ''Die Liedpublizistik im Flugblatt des 15. bis 17. Jahrhunderts''. In 1975 Brednich edited the ''Volkskunde-Bibliographie''. In 1982 he became editor-in-chief of the Encyclopedia of the Folktale and co-editor of the journal ''Fabula''. Between 1983 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conrad Westermayr
Conrad Westermayr (30 January 1765, Hanau - 5 October 1834, Hanau) was a German painter and copper engraver. Life and work His father, Daniel Jacob Westermayr (1734–1788), was a goldsmith. He learned that craft from him, while attending the . At first, he focused on creating portraits, as the best source of income. In 1788, he enrolled at the Kunsthochschule Kassel, to continue his studies with one of the numerous members of the Tischbein family; most likely Johann Heinrich Tischbein. His first oil paintings were copies of the Old Masters. After 1791, he studied in Weimar, with the copper engraver, Johann Heinrich Lips. Later, he made engraved copies of larger works by other artists, and worked for the publishing house, "Industrie-Kontor", owned by Friedrich Justin Bertuch. He went to Dresden in 1795, to further his skills in landscape painting. In 1800, he returned to Weimar and married , an artist who had also worked for Bertuch. He was named a professor at the Hanau Acad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coat Of Arms
A coat of arms is a heraldry, heraldic communication design, visual design on an escutcheon (heraldry), escutcheon (i.e., shield), surcoat, or tabard (the latter two being outer garments). The coat of arms on an escutcheon forms the central element of the full achievement (heraldry), heraldic achievement, which in its whole consists of a shield, supporters, a crest (heraldry), crest, and a motto. A coat of arms is traditionally unique to an individual person, family, state, organization, school or corporation. The term itself of 'coat of arms' describing in modern times just the heraldic design, originates from the description of the entire medieval chainmail 'surcoat' garment used in combat or preparation for the latter. Roll of arms, Rolls of arms are collections of many coats of arms, and since the early Modern Age centuries, they have been a source of information for public showing and tracing the membership of a nobility, noble family, and therefore its genealogy across tim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cryptography
Cryptography, or cryptology (from grc, , translit=kryptós "hidden, secret"; and ''graphein'', "to write", or ''-logia'', "study", respectively), is the practice and study of techniques for secure communication in the presence of adversarial behavior. More generally, cryptography is about constructing and analyzing protocols that prevent third parties or the public from reading private messages. Modern cryptography exists at the intersection of the disciplines of mathematics, computer science, information security, electrical engineering, digital signal processing, physics, and others. Core concepts related to information security ( data confidentiality, data integrity, authentication, and non-repudiation) are also central to cryptography. Practical applications of cryptography include electronic commerce, chip-based payment cards, digital currencies, computer passwords, and military communications. Cryptography prior to the modern age was effectively synonymo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Confidentiality
Confidentiality involves a set of rules or a promise usually executed through confidentiality agreements that limits the access or places restrictions on certain types of information. Legal confidentiality By law, lawyers are often required to keep confidential anything pertaining to the representation of a client. The duty of confidentiality is much broader than the attorney–client evidentiary privilege, which only covers ''communications'' between the attorney and the client. Both the privilege and the duty serve the purpose of encouraging clients to speak frankly about their cases. This way, lawyers can carry out their duty to provide clients with zealous representation. Otherwise, the opposing side may be able to surprise the lawyer in court with something he did not know about his client, which may weaken the client's position. Also, a distrustful client might hide a relevant fact he thinks is incriminating, but that a skilled lawyer could turn to the client's advanta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Historical Source
Historical source is an original source that contains important historical information. These sources are something that inform us about history at the most basic level, and are used as clues in order to study history. Historical sources can include coins, artefacts, monuments, literary sources, documents, artifacts, archaeological sites, features, oral transmissions, stone inscriptions, paintings, recorded sounds, images and oral history. Even ancient relics and ruins, broadly speaking, are historical sources. The types of sources include primary sources, secondary sources and tertiary sources. Types Primary source The natural morphological characters, the orographic and hydrographic structures, human interventions, buildings, infrastructures, archaeological finds, are "material sources that illustrate the uses and settlement forms of the past. The literary descriptions, the artistic images, the cartographic testimonies, are verbal or iconic sources able to provide othe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Students' Unions
A students' union, also known by many other names, is a student organization present in many colleges, universities, and high schools. In higher education, the students' union is often accorded its own building on the campus, dedicated to social, organizational activities, representation, and academic support of the membership. In the United States, ''student union'' often only refers to a physical building owned by the university with the purpose of providing services for students without a governing body. This building is also referred to as a student activity center, although the Association of College Unions International (largely US-based) has hundreds of campus organizational members. Outside the US, ''student union'' and ''students' union'' more often refer to a representative body, as distinct from a ''student activity centre'' building. Purpose Depending on the country, the purpose, assembly, method, and implementation of the group might vary. Universally, the purpose of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University
A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. In the United States, the designation is reserved for colleges that have a graduate school. The word ''university'' is derived from the Latin ''universitas magistrorum et scholarium'', which roughly means "community of teachers and scholars". The first universities were created in Europe by Catholic Church monks. The University of Bologna (''Università di Bologna''), founded in 1088, is the first university in the sense of: *Being a high degree-awarding institute. *Having independence from the ecclesiastic schools, although conducted by both clergy and non-clergy. *Using the word ''universitas'' (which was coined at its foundation). *Issuing secular and non-secular degrees: grammar, rhetoric, logic, theology, canon law, notarial law.Hunt Janin: "The university ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Drawing
Drawing is a form of visual art in which an artist uses instruments to mark paper or other two-dimensional surface. Drawing instruments include graphite pencils, pen and ink, various kinds of paints, inked brushes, colored pencils, crayons, charcoal, chalk, pastels, erasers, markers, styluses, and metals (such as silverpoint). Digital drawing is the act of drawing on graphics software in a computer. Common methods of digital drawing include a stylus or finger on a touchscreen device, stylus- or finger-to-touchpad, or in some cases, a mouse. There are many digital art programs and devices. A drawing instrument releases a small amount of material onto a surface, leaving a visible mark. The most common support for drawing is paper, although other materials, such as cardboard, wood, plastic, leather, canvas, and board, have been used. Temporary drawings may be made on a blackboard or whiteboard. Drawing has been a popular and fundamental means of public expression throu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Autograph Book
An autograph book is a book for collecting the autographs of others. Traditionally they were exchanged among friends, colleagues, and classmates to fill with poems, drawings, personal messages, small pieces of verse, and other mementos. Their modern derivations include yearbooks, friendship books, and guest books. They were popular among university students from the 15th century until the mid-19th century, after which their popularity began to wane as they were gradually replaced by yearbooks. History Origin By the beginning of the early modern period, there was a trend among graduating university students of central Europe to have their personal bibles signed by classmates and instructors. Gradually these expanded from mere signatures to include poetry and sketches, and publication companies responded to this trend by appending blank pages to bibles. Eventually they began offering small, decorated books with only blank pages. Other traditions dating back to the Middl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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