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Alberts V. California
''Roth v. United States'', 354 U.S. 476 (1957), along with its companion case ''Alberts v. California'', was a List of landmark court decisions in the United States, landmark decision of the Supreme Court of the United States which redefined the Constitutional test for determining what constitutes obscene material unprotected by the First Amendment to the United States Constitution, First Amendment. The Court, in an opinion by Justice William J. Brennan Jr. created a test to determine what constituted obscene material: Whether the average person, applying contemporary community standards would find that the material appeals to a prurient interest in sex, and whether the material was utterly without redeeming social value. Although the Court upheld Roth’s conviction and allowed some obscenity prosecutions, it drastically loosened obscenity laws. The decision dissatisfied both social conservativism, social conservatives who thought that it had gone too far in tolerating sexual ima ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samuel Roth
Samuel Roth (1893–1974) was an American publisher and writer. Described as an "all-around schemer", he was the plaintiff in ''Roth v. United States'' (1957). The case was a Supreme Court ruling on freedom of sexual expression and whose minority opinion, regarding redeeming social value as a criterion in obscenity prosecutions, became a template for the liberalizing First Amendment decisions in the 1960s. Roth spent nine years in jail on state and federal obscenity convictions. These include eight years in Lewisburg Federal Penitentiary: from 1936 to 1939, and 1957 to 1961. Background According to his autobiography ''Stone Walls Do Not'', Samuel Roth was born in 1893 in "Nustscha" (now Nuszcze ) on the "Strippa" (Strypa) River, upriver from "Zborow" (Zboriv) near the Carpathian Mountains of Galicia (now Ukraine). His Hebrew name was "Mshilliam" (Meshulam). His parents were Yussef Leib Roth and Hudl; his siblings were "Soori" (Sarah), Yetta, and Moe. In 1897, aged four, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
