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Al Adab
''Al Adab'' (Arabic: مجلة الأداب; ''Majalla al ʾādāb''; "literary magazine") was an Arabic avant-garde existentialist literary print magazine published in Beirut, Lebanon, in the period 1953–2012. It was restarted in 2015 as an online-only publication. ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' describes it as one of the leading publications founded in the Arab countries in the latter half of the 20th century. Although the magazine was headquartered in Beirut, it was distributed all over the Arabic-speaking regions. History and profile ''Al Adab'' was launched by Suhayl Idris, Mahij Uthman and Munir Al Baalbecki in Beirut in 1953. The publisher was Dar Al Adab which was also established by Suhayl Idris who was the editor-in-chief of the magazine from 1956 to 1992. ''Al Adab'' was inspired from ''Les Temps modernes'' and has a pan-Arab political stance. The influence and popularity of ''Al Adab'' continued until the beginning of the civil war in Lebanon in 1975. The frequency of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suhayl Idris
Suhayl Idris (1925 – February 19, 2008) was a Lebanese novelist, short-story writer, journalist and translator. Biography Idris studied in Beirut before going on to study in Paris and receive a PhD from Sorbonne. His first collection, ''Ashwaq'', was published in 1947. Idriss returned to Beirut in 1952 where he founded ''Al Adab'', a monthly literary journal that became one of the leading periodicals of its kind. Several of his novels have autobiographical themes, including ''al-Hayy al-Latini'' (1954) and ''al-Khandaq al-ghamiq'' (1958). Idris also translated many European works, including most of Jean-Paul Sartre and Albert Camus Albert Camus ( , ; ; 7 November 1913 – 4 January 1960) was a French philosopher, author, dramatist, and journalist. He was awarded the 1957 Nobel Prize in Literature at the age of 44, the second-youngest recipient in history. His work .... References 1925 births 2008 deaths University of Paris alumni Writers from Beirut 20th- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Committed Literature
Committed literature (french: littérature engagée) can be defined as an approach of an author, poet, novelist, playwright or composer who commits their work to defend or assert an ethical, political, social, ideological or religious view, most often through their works but also can loosely be defined as being through their direct intervention as an "intellectual", in public affairs (Crowly, 2018). Historically, a work is said to have achieved the status of committed within the sphere of committed literature when it has social of political influence for the defence or assertion of the aforementioned view. It can also achieve this status when the importance on a given subject is recognised and it has "open-ended engagement with contemporary history” (Gasiorek & James, 2012, p. 613). It has also been defined as the author, composer, poet, writer or playwright taking sides in order to take action (Patterson, 2015). Additionally, it has been argued that committed literature rose ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shi'r
''Shi'r'' (Arabic: مجلة شعر; ''Poetry'') was an avant-garde and modernist monthly literary magazine with a special reference to poetry. The magazine was published in Beirut, Lebanon, between 1957 and 1970 with a three-year interruption. The founders were two leading literary figures: Yusuf al-Khal and Adunis. It was named after Harriet Monroe’s Chicago-based magazine, ''Poetry''. History and profile ''Shi'r'' was started in Beirut in 1957, and the first issue appeared in January. Its founders were Yusuf al-Khal, Adunis and Unsi Al Hajj. It was started as a quarterly, but later its frequency was switched to monthly. Their goal in establishing ''Shi'r'' which was an avant-garde journal was to present a non-political version of poetry. This version of poetry is called Al Shi'r al Hurr (Arabic: Free Poetry) which refers to prose poetry. Therefore, it adopted a modernist approach towards poetry. The magazine also aimed at supporting the Afro-Asian solidarity and nonalignme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adunis
Ali Ahmad Said Esber (, North Levantine: ; born 1 January 1930), also known by the pen name Adonis or Adunis ( ar, أدونيس ), is a Syrian people, Syrian poet, essayist and translator. He led a modernist revolution in the second half of the 20th century, "exerting a seismic influence" on Arabic poetry comparable to T.S. Eliot's in the anglophone world. Adonis's publications include twenty volumes of poetry and thirteen of criticism. His dozen books of translation to Arabic include the poetry of Saint-John Perse and Yves Bonnefoy, and the first complete Arabic translation of Ovid's "Metamorphoses" (2002). His multi-volume anthology of Arabic poetry ("Dīwān ash-shi'r al-'arabī"), covering almost two millennia of verse, has been in print since its publication in 1964. A perennial contender for the Nobel Prize in Literature, Adonis has been described as the greatest living poet of the Arab world. Biography Early life and education Born to a modest Alawites, Alawite farming ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manifesto
A manifesto is a published declaration of the intentions, motives, or views of the issuer, be it an individual, group, political party or government. A manifesto usually accepts a previously published opinion or public consensus or promotes a new idea with prescriptive notions for carrying out changes the author believes should be made. It often is political, social or artistic in nature, sometimes revolutionary, but may present an individual's life stance. Manifestos relating to religious belief are generally referred to as creeds or, a confession of faith. Etymology It is derived from the Italian word ''manifesto'', itself derived from the Latin ''manifestum'', meaning clear or conspicuous. Its first recorded use in English is from 1620, in Nathaniel Brent's translation of Paolo Sarpi's ''History of the Council of Trent'': "To this citation he made answer by a Manifesto" (p. 102). Similarly, "They were so farre surprised with his Manifesto, that they would never s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taha Hussein
Taha Hussein (, ar, طه حسين; November 15, 1889 – October 28, 1973) was one of the most influential 20th-century Egyptian writers and intellectuals, and a figurehead for the Nahda, Egyptian Renaissance and the modernism, modernist movement in the Middle East and North Africa. His sobriquet was "The Dean of Arabic Literature" ( ar, عميد الأدب العربي). He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature twenty-one times. Early life Taha Hussein was born in Izbet el Kilo, a village in the Minya Governorate in central Upper Egypt. He was the seventh of thirteen children of lower-middle-class parents. He contracted ophthalmia at the age of two, and, as the result of faulty treatment by an unskilled practitioner, he became blind. After attending a kuttab, he studied religion and Arabic literature at Al-Azhar University, El Azhar University; but from an early age, he was dissatisfied with the traditional education system. When the secular Cairo University was fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nazik Al-Malaika
Nazik al-Malaika ( ar, نازك الملائكة; 23 August 1923 – 20 June 2007) was an Iraqi poet. Al-Malaika is noted for being among the first Arabic poets to use free verse. Early life and career Al-Malaika was born in Baghdad to a cultured family. Her mother was also a poet, and her father was a teacher. She wrote her first poem at the age of 10. Al-Malaika graduated in 1944 from the College of Arts in Baghdad and later completed a master's degree in comparative literature at the University of Wisconsin–Madison with a Degree of Excellence. She entered the Institute of Fine Arts and graduated from the Department of Music in 1949. In 1959 she earned a Master of Arts in Comparative Literature from the University of Wisconsin–Madison in the United States, and she was appointed professor at the University of Baghdad, the University of Basrah, and Kuwait University. Career Al-Malaika taught at a number of schools and universities, most notably at the University of Mosul. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salama Moussa
Salama Moussa (or Musa; 1887 – 4 August 1958) ( ar, سلامه موسى , ) was an Egyptian journalist, writer and political theorist. Salama Moussa was an avowed secularist, he introduced the writings of Darwin, Nietzsche, and Freud to Egyptian readers.Goldschmidt Jr., ''A Biographical Dictionary of Modern Egypt''. 2000 Ed. Pg 139 Salama Moussa campaigned against traditional religions and urged the Egyptian society to embrace European thought, he espoused the theory of evolution by natural selection. He was an Egyptian nationalist. He was an advocate of liberalism and a supporter of the Egyptian liberal movement.Meisami, S. Julie, Starkey, Paul. ''Encyclopedia of Arabic Literature'', Volume 2. Routledge, New York, NY 1998 pp. 554-555 Salama Moussa is from Taha Hussein's generation; Naguib Mahfouz called Salama Moussa his "spiritual father", whereas Salama Moussa acknowledged his own intellectual debt to Ahmed Lutfi el-Sayed. Salama Moussa joined al-Wafd party after S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raif Khoury
Raif Khoury (c. 1913–1967) was a Lebanese writer, poet, essayist, novelist and playwright who was born in Nabay, Lebanon, then part of the Ottoman Empire towards the beginning of the twentieth century. He went to school in the neighboring town of Brummana to Broummana High School, where he started writing poetry at a very early age. He joined the American University of Beirut as an Arabic literature and history major and graduated with a BA in 1932. Even before he graduated, he started writing in literary magazines and papers such as ''Al Barq'' and ''Al Adab'' which were issued in Beirut at the time. During his lifetime, Khoury wrote more than 20 books and numerous articles in many of the literary magazines and journals as well as daily newspapers of his time. Books and articles by Raif Khoury Modern Arab Thought. Translation of al Fikr al-'Arabi al-hadith (in Arabic), introduction by Charles Philip Issawi, Ihsan AbbasTranslator. Kingston Press, 1983. 227 pages Thawrat bayd ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Literary Genre
A literary genre is a category of literature. Genres may be determined by literary technique, tone, content, or length (especially for fiction). They generally move from more abstract, encompassing classes, which are then further sub-divided into more concrete distinctions. The distinctions between genres and categories are flexible and loosely defined, and even the rules designating genres change over time and are fairly unstable. Genres can all be in the form of prose or poetry. Additionally, a genre such as satire, allegory or pastoral might appear in any of the above, not only as a subgenre (see below), but as a mixture of genres. Finally, they are defined by the general cultural movement of the historical period in which they were composed. History of genres Aristotle The concept of genre began in the works of Aristotle, who applied biological concepts to the classification of literary genres, or, as he called them, "species" (eidē). These classifications are mainl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Literary Criticism
Literary criticism (or literary studies) is the study, evaluation, and interpretation of literature. Modern literary criticism is often influenced by literary theory, which is the philosophical discussion of literature's goals and methods. Though the two activities are closely related, literary critics are not always, and have not always been, theorists. Whether or not literary criticism should be considered a separate field of inquiry from literary theory is a matter of some controversy. For example, the ''Johns Hopkins Guide to Literary Theory and Criticism'' draws no distinction between literary theory and literary criticism, and almost always uses the terms together to describe the same concept. Some critics consider literary criticism a practical application of literary theory, because criticism always deals directly with particular literary works, while theory may be more general or abstract. Literary criticism is often published in essay or book form. Academic literary ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
American University Of Beirut
The American University of Beirut (AUB) ( ar, الجامعة الأميركية في بيروت) is a private, non-sectarian, and independent university chartered in New York with its campus in Beirut, Lebanon. AUB is governed by a private, autonomous board of trustees and offers programs leading to bachelor's, master's, MD, and PhD degrees. AUB has an operating budget of $423 million with an endowment of approximately $768 million. The campus is composed of 64 buildings, including the American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC, formerly known as AUH – American University Hospital) (420 beds), four libraries, three museums and seven dormitories. Almost one-fifth of AUB's students attended secondary school or university outside Lebanon before coming to AUB. AUB graduates reside in more than 120 countries worldwide. The language of instruction is English. Degrees awarded at the university are officially registered with the New York Board of Regents. History On J ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
