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Al-Fazari
al-Fazari ( ar, الفزاري) is a surname. The attributive title (nisba), Fazari, denotes an origin from Fazara ibn Dhubyan. Notable people with the surname include: * Samura ibn Junbad al-Fazari, one of the 7th century Companions of the Prophet * Abd Allah ibn Mas'ada al-Fazari * Ibrāhīm al-Fazārī, 8th century Muslim astronomer * Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm al-Fazārī, 8th century Muslim astronomer and translator; son of Ibrahim * Adi ibn Artah al-Fazari (died 720) was a governor of al-Basrah for the Umayyad dynasty, serving during the caliphate of 'Umar ibn 'Abd al-'Aziz. * Umar ibn Hubayra al-Fazari (floruit 710–724) was a prominent Umayyad general and governor of Iraq, who played an important role in the Qays–Yaman conflict of this period. * Al-Mughirah ibn Ubaydallah al-Fazari, 8th century Umayyad governor of Egypt. * Yazid ibn Umar al-Fazari Yazid ibn Umar ibn Hubayra al-Fazari ( ar, يَزِيد بن عُمَر بن هُبَيْرَة الْفَزارِيّ , Ya ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fazara
The Banu Fazara or Fazzara or Fezara or Fezzara () were an Arab tribe whose original homeland was Najd. Origins of the tribe According to Arab genealogical tradition, the progenitor of the Banu Fazara was Fazāra ibn Dhubyān ibn Baghīd ibn Rayth ibn Ghaṭafān. Thus the tribe belonged to the Dhubyan branch of the Ghatafan, making the Fazara a north Arabian tribe. Its ancestral pasture grounds were in the Wadi al-Rumma region of the Najd in central Arabia. In the modern day, the Fazara section of the Sudanese Arabs are camel-nomadic Arab tribes who live in the pastures of North Kordofan. They include the Shanabla, Majaneen, Bani-Jarrar, and Bani-Dhubian. Umm Qirfa Umm Qirfa Fatima was a leader of the Banu Fazara Arab tribe from Wadi Al-Qura. Ancient genealogies described Umm Qirfa as a member of the Banu Fazara. She married into the Banu Badr. According to Ibn Ishaq and al-Tabari, Umm Qirfa was wealthy. She was described as being an old woman with high social status and wif ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muḥammad Ibn Ibrāhīm Al-Fazārī
Muhammad ibn Ibrahim ibn Habib ibn Sulayman ibn Samra ibn Jundab Banu Fazara, al-Fazari () (died 796 or 806) was a Muslim philosopher, mathematician and astronomer. He is not to be confused with his father Ibrāhīm al-Fazārī, also an astronomer and mathematician. Some sources refer to him as an Arab, other sources state that he was a Persian people, Persian.*Richard N. Frye, ''The Golden Age of Persia'', p. 163. Al-Fazārī translated many scientific books into Arabic language, Arabic and Persian language, Persian. He is credited to have built the first astrolabe in the Islamic world. Along with Yaʿqūb ibn Ṭāriq and his father he helped translate the Indian astronomical text by Brahmagupta (fl. 7th century), the ''Brāhmasphuṭasiddhānta'', into Arabic as ''Az-Zīj ‛alā Sinī al-‛Arab''., or the ''Sindhind''. This translation was possibly the vehicle by means of which the Hindu numerals were transmitted from India to Islam.*D. E. Smith and Louis Charles Karpinski, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samura Ibn Jundab
Samura ibn Jundab al-Fazārī ( ar, سمرة بن جندب, his father Jundab's name is also commonly transliterated as ''Jundub''; died 677–679) was a companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad who fought at the Battle of Uhud in 627 and later participated in the Muslim conquest of Iran in the 630s–640s. In 670–673 he served as the lieutenant governor of Basra under Ziyad ibn Abihi, the supreme governor of Iraq and the eastern Umayyad Caliphate. During his deputy rule over Basra, he is held by the Islamic traditional sources to have ordered wide-scale executions of Kharijites in his jurisdiction. He remained governor of Basra under the Umayyad caliph Mu'awiya I () for six to eighteen months after Ziyad's death in August/September 673 until the Caliph replaced him. Origins and early life Samura ibn Jundab belonged to the Banu Lay clan of the Shamkh branch of the Fazara, a nomadic Arab tribe, itself a division of the Ghatafan confederation, which dwelt in the part of the Hejaz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Companions Of The Prophet
The Companions of the Prophet ( ar, اَلصَّحَابَةُ; ''aṣ-ṣaḥāba'' meaning "the companions", from the verb meaning "accompany", "keep company with", "associate with") were the disciples and followers of Muhammad who saw or met him during his lifetime, while being a Muslim and were physically in his presence. "Al-ṣaḥāba" is definite plural; the indefinite singular is masculine ('), feminine ('). Later Islamic scholars accepted their testimony of the words and deeds of Muhammad, the occasions on which the Quran was revealed and other various important matters of Islamic history and practice. The testimony of the companions, as it was passed down through trusted chains of narrators (''isnad''s), was the basis of the developing Islamic tradition. From the traditions (''hadith'') of the life of Muhammad and his companions are drawn the Muslim way of life ('' sunnah''), the code of conduct ('' sharia'') it requires, and the jurisprudence (''fiqh'') by whic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abd Allah Ibn Mas'ada Al-Fazari
ʿAbd Allāh ibn Masʿada al-Fazārī ( ar, عبد الله بن مسعدة الفزاري) () was a commander from the Arab Banu Fazara tribe who fought in the service of the Umayyad caliphs Mu'awiya I () and Yazid I (). He also played a political role under the caliphs Marwan I () and Abd al-Malik (). Origins Abd Allah was a son of the Banu Fazara tribesman Mas'ada ibn Hakama ibn Malik ibn Badr (also referred to as Mas'ada ibn Hudhayfa ibn Badr by the traditional Muslim sources), who was slain in the Wadi al-Qura valley by the Muslims during a raid against the tribe by Zayd ibn al-Haritha in 627/28, ordered by the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Abd Allah, then a young boy, was taken captive during the raid and brought to Muhammad, who gave him to his daughter Fatimah as a slave. She freed Abd Allah and raised him with her husband, Muhammad's cousin Ali. He and his brother Abd al-Rahman later settled in Damascus and formed part of the Qaysi tribal nobility of the city, along with Hamma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ibrāhīm Al-Fazārī
Ibrahim ibn Habib ibn Sulayman ibn Samura ibn Jundab Banu Fazara, al-Fazari () (died 777 CE) was an 8th-century Muslim mathematician and astronomer at the Abbasid court of the Caliph Al-Mansur (r. 754–775). He should not to be confused with his son Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm al-Fazārī, also an astronomer. He composed various astronomical writings ("on the astrolabe", "on the armillary spheres", "on the calendar"). The Caliph ordered him and his son to translate the Indian astronomical text, The ''Sindhind'' along with Yaʿqūb ibn Ṭāriq, which was completed in Baghdad about 750 CE, and entitled ''Az-Zīj ‛alā Sinī al-‛Arab''. This translation was possibly the vehicle by means of which the Hindu numeral system (i.e. modern number notation) was transmitted from India to Iran. At the end of the eighth century, while at the court of the Abbasid Caliphate, this Muslim geographer mentioned Ghana, "the land of gold." See also * His son, Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm al-Fazā ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adi Ibn Artah Al-Fazari
Adi ibn Artah al-Fazari ( ar, عدي بن أرطاة الفزاري) (died 720) was a governor of Basra for the Umayyad dynasty, serving during the caliphate of 'Umar ibn 'Abd al-'Aziz. He was killed during the revolt of Yazid ibn al-Muhallab. Career under Umar II Adi was appointed to the governorship of Basra by the caliph Umar II, shortly after the latter's ascension in 717. After receiving his appointment, he established himself in Basra; he also ordered the arrest of his predecessor Yazid ibn al-Muhallab, who Umar had dismissed from the governorship of Iraq. Once Yazid was captured, Adi shipped him to the caliph's residence in Syria, where he was cast into prison. Adi served as governor of Basra for the duration of Umar's caliphate.Khalifah ibn Khayyat, p. 322 Unlike Yazid, who had been governor of all of Iraq and the eastern provinces, Adi did not have authority over Kufa and Khurasan, which were placed under separate governors. His area of responsibility, however, was s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Umar Ibn Hubayra
Umar ibn Hubayra al-Fazari ( ar, عمر بن هبيرة الفزاري, ʿUmar ibn Hubayra al-Fazārī; ) was a prominent Umayyad general and governor of Iraq, who played an important role in the Qays–Yaman conflict of this period. Origin and early career A Qaysi from the Jazira, Umar claimed to belong to the traditional Arab nobility by virtue of his maternal grandfather, who was supposedly chief of the Banu Uday branch of the Fazara tribe. However, the family is unknown from the sources until the emergence of Umar himself in 696, when he served in Iraq under Sufyan ibn al-Abrad al-Kalbi. Umar participated in the campaigns against the Byzantine Empire in the 710s, and under the command of Maslama ibn Abd al-Malik, commanded the Muslim fleet in 715/716, during the initial stages of the unsuccessful campaign to capture the Byzantine capital, Constantinople. In the next year, Maslama sent him as envoy to the Byzantine emperor, Leo III the Isaurian. Governorship of the Jazira ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Floruit
''Floruit'' (; abbreviated fl. or occasionally flor.; from Latin for "they flourished") denotes a date or period during which a person was known to have been alive or active. In English, the unabbreviated word may also be used as a noun indicating the time when someone flourished. Etymology and use la, flōruit is the third-person singular perfect active indicative of the Latin verb ', ' "to bloom, flower, or flourish", from the noun ', ', "flower". Broadly, the term is employed in reference to the peak of activity for a person or movement. More specifically, it often is used in genealogy and historical writing when a person's birth or death dates are unknown, but some other evidence exists that indicates when they were alive. For example, if there are wills attested by John Jones in 1204, and 1229, and a record of his marriage in 1197, a record concerning him might be written as "John Jones (fl. 1197–1229)". The term is often used in art history when dating the career ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Mughirah Ibn Ubaydallah Al-Fazari
Al-Mughira ibn Ubaydallah ibn al-Mughira ibn Abd Allah ibn Mas'ada al-Fazari () (died December 27, 749) was a governor of Egypt for the Umayyad Caliphate for a portion of 749. A member of the Banu Fazara, al-Mughira is described by al-Kindi as being a descendant of Abd Allah ibn Mas'ada al-Fazari. Appointed to Egypt by the caliph Marwan II, he arrived in the province in March 749 and designated his son Abdallah as his chief of security ('' shurta''). After spending some time in Alexandria, both al-Mughira and Abdallah suddenly died, bringing an end to al-Mughira's governorship after just ten months. Another of his sons, al-Walid, then temporarily assumed control of affairs in the province, but was soon replaced by Marwan's new governor Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan ibn al-Hakam ( ar, عبد الملك ابن مروان ابن الحكم, ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Marwān ibn al-Ḥakam; July/August 644 or June/July 647 – 9 October 705) was the fifth Umayyad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yazid Ibn Umar Al-Fazari
Yazid ibn Umar ibn Hubayra al-Fazari ( ar, يَزِيد بن عُمَر بن هُبَيْرَة الْفَزارِيّ , Yazīd ibn ʿUmar ibn Hubayra al-Fazārī; died 750) was the last Umayyad governor of Iraq. A son of former governor Umar ibn Hubayra, he became one of the most important partisans of Caliph Marwan II in the Third Fitna, but failed to stem the onslaught of the Abbasid Revolution. Defeated, he was captured and executed by the Abbasids. Biography Origin Like his father, Umar ibn Hubayra, Yazid was a Qaysi from the Jazira, and claimed to belong to the traditional Arab nobility although the family is unknown from the sources until Umar himself. Both father and son are often simply called "Ibn Hubayra" in the sources. His prestige was such that not only did Caliph Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik () propose a marriage between Yazid and his granddaughter, the daughter of Hisham's favourite son, Mu'awiya, but Yazid felt able to reject the offer. In historical sources, Y ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abu Ishaq Al-Fazari
Abū Ishāq al-Fazārī, he was Ibrahīm ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥārith, Abū Isḥāq al-Fazārī, () (d. ca. 804), an Islamic historian, traditionalist and jurist of Iraqi descent. Life Al-Fazārī received his training first in Kufa, where his ancestors, the Banū Fazāra, originated. He later moved to Baghdad and Damascus, before finally settling in Mopsuestia; at one of the frontier stations to the Byzantine Empire, where he mainly deals with the organization of Islamic foreign and martial law ( siyar) according to the teachings of his master al-Awzā'ī. He also acted as legal advisor to Hārūn ar-Rashīd on war-related issues. al-Mizzī, says he studied under more than 80 teachers. In Mopsuestia, whose ribat was expanded at the beginning of the eighth-century and inhabited by Muslim troops, he always had a large circle of pupils. The scholars Ibn 'Asākir and Ibn Hajar al-'Asqalānī report in their biographies that he instructed the Ribatians, taught them ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
