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Airy (Martian Crater)
Airy may refer to: * Sir George Biddell Airy (1801–1892), British Astronomer Royal from 1835 to 1881, for whom the following features, phenomena, and theories are named: ** Airy (lunar crater) ** Airy (Martian crater) ** Airy-0, a smaller crater within the previous one on Mars, and which defines the prime meridian of the planet ** Airy wave theory, a linear theory describing the propagation of "gravity waves" on the surface of a fluid ** Airy disk, a diffraction pattern in optics ** Airy beam, a non-spreading, transversely accelerating optical wavepacket ** Airy function, a mathematical function ** Airy points, support points chosen to minimize the distortion of the length of a physical standard (such as the International Prototype Meter) * Anna Airy (1882–1964), British artist * Airy (software), a video-downloading utility * Airy, a character in the video game ''Bravely Default'' See also * Airey (other) * Mount Airy (other) * Aerie (other) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Biddell Airy
Sir George Biddell Airy (; 27 July 18012 January 1892) was an English mathematician and astronomer, and the seventh Astronomer Royal from 1835 to 1881. His many achievements include work on planetary orbits, measuring the mean density of the Earth, a method of solution of two-dimensional problems in solid mechanics and, in his role as Astronomer Royal, establishing Greenwich as the location of the prime meridian. Biography Airy was born at Alnwick, one of a long line of Airys who traced their descent back to a family of the same name residing at Kentmere, in Westmorland, in the 14th century. The branch to which he belonged, having suffered in the English Civil War, moved to Lincolnshire and became farmers. Airy was educated first at elementary schools in Hereford, and afterwards at Colchester Royal Grammar School. An introverted child, Airy gained popularity with his schoolmates through his great skill in the construction of peashooters. From the age of 13, Airy stayed frequ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Airy (lunar Crater)
LRO WAC mosaic Oblique view from Apollo 14 Vicinity of Airy, as viewed from the Bayfordbury Observatory Airy is a lunar impact crater located in the southern highlands. It is named in honour of British astronomer George Biddell Airy. It forms the southernmost member of a chain of craters consisting of Vogel, Argelander, and Airy. A little further to the south lies Donati Donati is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include: *Angelo Donati (1885-1960), Italian banker and philanthropist * Baldassare Donati (1525/30–1603), Italian composer of the late Renaissance *Buoso Donati (—ca. 1285), charact .... Airy has a worn, and somewhat polygonal rim that it broken at the northern and southern ends. It has an irregular floor and a central peak. Satellite craters By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Airy. References * * * * * * * * * * * External ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Airy (Martian Crater)
Airy may refer to: * Sir George Biddell Airy (1801–1892), British Astronomer Royal from 1835 to 1881, for whom the following features, phenomena, and theories are named: ** Airy (lunar crater) ** Airy (Martian crater) ** Airy-0, a smaller crater within the previous one on Mars, and which defines the prime meridian of the planet ** Airy wave theory, a linear theory describing the propagation of "gravity waves" on the surface of a fluid ** Airy disk, a diffraction pattern in optics ** Airy beam, a non-spreading, transversely accelerating optical wavepacket ** Airy function, a mathematical function ** Airy points, support points chosen to minimize the distortion of the length of a physical standard (such as the International Prototype Meter) * Anna Airy (1882–1964), British artist * Airy (software), a video-downloading utility * Airy, a character in the video game ''Bravely Default'' See also * Airey (other) * Mount Airy (other) * Aerie (other) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Airy-0
Airy-0 is a crater inside the larger Airy Crater on Mars, whose location defined the position of the prime meridian of that planet. It is about 0.5 km (0.3 mile) across and lies within the dark region Sinus Meridiani, one of the early albedo features to be identified on Mars. The IAU Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational Elements has now recommended setting the longitude of the Viking 1 lander (47.95137° west) as the standard. This definition maintains the position of the center of Airy-0 at 0° longitude, within the tolerance of current cartographic uncertainties. Merton Davies tied this crater into an extensive geodetic control network of the planet Mars based on Mariner 9 and earlier photographs. The Mariner 9 Geodesy/Cartography Group proposed that the prime meridian of Mars be defined by the center of Airy-0, which was selected by Harold Masursky, Gerard de Vaucouleurs, and Merton Davies at a Group meeting on 14 August 1972. It was named i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Airy Wave Theory
In fluid dynamics, Airy wave theory (often referred to as linear wave theory) gives a linearised description of the propagation of gravity waves on the surface of a homogeneous fluid layer. The theory assumes that the fluid layer has a uniform mean depth, and that the fluid flow is inviscid, incompressible and irrotational. This theory was first published, in correct form, by George Biddell Airy in the 19th century.Craik (2004). Airy wave theory is often applied in ocean engineering and coastal engineering for the modelling of random sea states – giving a description of the wave kinematics and dynamics of high-enough accuracy for many purposes. Further, several second-order nonlinear properties of surface gravity waves, and their propagation, can be estimated from its results. Airy wave theory is also a good approximation for tsunami waves in the ocean, before they steepen near the coast. This linear theory is often used to get a quick and rough estimate of wave characterist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Airy Disk
In optics, the Airy disk (or Airy disc) and Airy pattern are descriptions of the best- focused spot of light that a perfect lens with a circular aperture can make, limited by the diffraction of light. The Airy disk is of importance in physics, optics, and astronomy. The diffraction pattern resulting from a uniformly illuminated, circular aperture has a bright central region, known as the Airy disk, which together with the series of concentric rings around is called the Airy pattern. Both are named after George Biddell Airy. The disk and rings phenomenon had been known prior to Airy; John Herschel described the appearance of a bright star seen through a telescope under high magnification for an 1828 article on light for the ''Encyclopedia Metropolitana'': Airy wrote the first full theoretical treatment explaining the phenomenon (his 1835 "On the Diffraction of an Object-glass with Circular Aperture"). Mathematically, the diffraction pattern is characterized by the wavelen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Airy Beam
An Airy beam, is a propagation invariant wave whose main intensity lobe propagates along a curved parabolic trajectory while being resilient to perturbations (self-healing). Physical description A cross section of an ideal Airy beam would reveal an area of principal intensity, with a series of adjacent, less luminous areas trailing off to infinity. In reality, the beam is truncated so as to have a finite composition. As the beam propagates, it does not diffract, i.e., does not spread out. The Airy beam also has the characteristic of freely accelerating. As it propagates, it bends so as to form a parabolic arc. History The term "Airy beam" derives from the Airy integral, developed in the 1830s by Sir George Biddell Airy to explain optical caustics such as those appearing in a rainbow. The Airy waveform was first theorized in 1979 by M. V. Berry and Nándor L. Balázs. They demonstrated a nonspreading Airy wave packet solution to the Schrödinger equation. In 2007 researchers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Airy Function
In the physical sciences, the Airy function (or Airy function of the first kind) is a special function named after the British astronomer George Biddell Airy (1801–1892). The function and the related function , are linearly independent solutions to the differential equation \frac - xy = 0 , known as the Airy equation or the Stokes equation. This is the simplest second-order linear differential equation with a turning point (a point where the character of the solutions changes from oscillatory to exponential). Definitions For real values of ''x'', the Airy function of the first kind can be defined by the improper Riemann integral: \operatorname(x) = \dfrac\int_0^\infty\cos\left(\dfrac + xt\right)\, dt\equiv \dfrac \lim_ \int_0^b \cos\left(\dfrac + xt\right)\, dt, which converges by Dirichlet's test. For any real number x there is positive real number M such that function \dfrac3 + xt is increasing, unbounded and convex with continuous and unbounded derivative on interval lin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Airy Points
Airy points (after George Biddell Airy) are used for precision measurement (metrology) to support a length standard in such a way as to minimise bending or drop of a horizontally supported beam. Choice of support points A kinematic support for a one-dimensional beam requires exactly two support points. Three or more support points will not share the load evenly (unless they are hinged in a non-rigid whiffle tree or similar). The position of those points can be chosen to minimize various forms of gravity deflection. A beam supported at the ends will sag in the middle, resulting in the ends moving closer together and tilting upward. A beam supported only in the middle will sag at the ends, making a similar shape but upside down. Airy points Supporting a uniform beam at the Airy points produces zero angular deflection of the ends. The Airy points are symmetrically arranged around the centre of the length standard and are separated by a distance equal to : 1/\sqrt=0.57 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anna Airy
Anna Airy (6 June 1882 – 23 October 1964) was an English oil painter, pastel artist and etcher. She was one of the first women officially commissioned as a war artist and was recognised as one of the leading women artists of her generation. Early life Airy was born in Greenwich, London, the daughter of an engineer, Wilfrid Airy, and Anna ''née'' Listing, and the granddaughter of the Astronomer Royal George Biddell Airy. Airy trained at the Slade School of Fine Art in London from 1899 to 1903, where she studied alongside William Orpen and Augustus John, and under Fred Brown, Henry Tonks and Philip Wilson Steer. Airy won prizes at the Slade School for portrait, figure, and other subjects including the Slade School Scholarship in 1902. She also won the Melville Nettleship Prize in 1900, 1901 and 1902. Work During World War I, Airy was given commissions in a number of factories and painted her canvases on site in often difficult and, sometimes, dangerous conditions. For examp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Airy (software)
Airy is software developed by Airy Team for downloading videos from YouTube. The first version of the product was released in 2013. Written in Objective C it was a basic downloading tool that could process one video at a time. CNET staff in their review says that "It has a very streamlined interface with just a couple of options and a copy/paste mechanic." Additional functionality was added including the capacity to download a few files simultaneously by copy-pasting links in a text editor. The app can convert downloaded content into a format and resolution of user's choice – HD, SD and low definition. The app is capable of extracting audio files from videos. Starting from version 2.0 the app can download entire YouTube playlists. Initially developed for Mac OS, Airy also supports Windows. Marina Dan from Softpedia says that "Airy is a useful and reliable piece of software that provides with the means of downloading videos or extracting the audio from selected clips on YouTube" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bravely Default
''Bravely Default'', known in Japan as ''Bravely Default: Flying Fairy'', is a role-playing video game developed by Silicon Studio for the Nintendo 3DS handheld console. ''Bravely Default'' was originally released in 2012, while an expanded edition subtitled ''For the Sequel'' was released in 2013 in Japan, Europe and Australia, and in 2014 in North America. This expanded edition used the subtitle ''Where The Fairy Flies'' in territories outside of Japan. Square Enix published the game in Japan, while Nintendo handled publishing duties overseas. The gameplay uses a turn-based battle system and job system, in addition to incorporating options to combine job abilities and adjust battle speed and random encounter rates. ''Bravely Default'' is set in the world of Luxendarc, which is kept in balance by four elemental crystals protected by the Crystal Orthodoxy, a religious group with influence across the world. The story follows the adventures of four protagonists: Agnès Oblige, ves ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
