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Afon Soch
The Afon Soch is a short river on the Llŷn peninsula, Gwynedd, Wales. It arises to the north of the village of Sarn Meyllteyrn, through which it then flows, turning southeast towards Botwnnog. Beyond Botwnnog it is joined by its main left-bank tributary, the Afon Horon, which rises to the east of Carn Fadryn. Their combined flow approaches the coast at Porth Neigwl (or Hell's Mouth) but instead the river turns sharply northwards at Llanengan and curves around east to Abersoch where it enters the sea. A short section of the Soch valley is followed by the Wales Coast Path where it takes a route inland of Porth Neigwl. Both the Soch and the Horon are misfit streams within valleys that were formed by glacial meltwater Meltwater is water released by the melting of snow or ice, including glacial ice, tabular icebergs and ice shelves over oceans. Meltwater is often found in the ablation zone of glaciers, where the rate of snow cover is reducing. Meltwater can b .... The river name ...
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Llŷn Peninsula
The Llŷn Peninsula ( cy, Penrhyn Llŷn or , ) extends into the Irish Sea from North West Wales, south west of the Isle of Anglesey. It is part of the historic county of Caernarfonshire, and historic region and local authority area of Gwynedd. Much of the eastern part of the peninsula, around Criccieth, may be regarded as part of Eifionydd rather than Llŷn, although the boundary is somewhat vague. The area of Llŷn is about , and its population is at least 20,000. Historically, the peninsula was travelled by pilgrims en route to Bardsey Island (Welsh: ''Ynys Enlli''), and its relative isolation has helped to conserve the Welsh language and culture, for which the locality is now famous. This perceived remoteness from urban life has lent the area an unspoilt image which has made Llŷn a popular destination for both tourists and holiday home owners. Holiday homes remain contentious among locals, many of whom are priced out of the housing market by incomers. From the 1970s to the 199 ...
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Gwynedd
Gwynedd (; ) is a county and preserved county (latter with differing boundaries; includes the Isle of Anglesey) in the north-west of Wales. It shares borders with Powys, Conwy County Borough, Denbighshire, Anglesey over the Menai Strait, and Ceredigion over the River Dyfi. The scenic Llŷn Peninsula and most of Snowdonia National Park are in Gwynedd. Bangor is the home of Bangor University. As a local government area, it is the second largest in Wales in terms of land area and also one of the most sparsely populated. A majority of the population is Welsh-speaking. ''Gwynedd'' also refers to being one of the preserved counties of Wales, covering the two local government areas of Gwynedd and Anglesey. Named after the old Kingdom of Gwynedd, both culturally and historically, ''Gwynedd'' can also be used for most of North Wales, such as the area that was policed by the Gwynedd Constabulary. The current area is , with a population of 121,874 as measured in the 2011 Census. Et ...
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Wales
Wales ( cy, Cymru ) is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. It is bordered by England to the Wales–England border, east, the Irish Sea to the north and west, the Celtic Sea to the south west and the Bristol Channel to the south. It had a population in 2021 of 3,107,500 and has a total area of . Wales has over of coastline and is largely mountainous with its higher peaks in the north and central areas, including Snowdon (), its highest summit. The country lies within the Temperateness, north temperate zone and has a changeable, maritime climate. The capital and largest city is Cardiff. Welsh national identity emerged among the Celtic Britons after the Roman withdrawal from Britain in the 5th century, and Wales was formed as a Kingdom of Wales, kingdom under Gruffydd ap Llywelyn in 1055. Wales is regarded as one of the Celtic nations. The Conquest of Wales by Edward I, conquest of Wales by Edward I of England was completed by 1283, th ...
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Sarn Meyllteyrn
Sarn Meyllteyrn is a village and former civil parish (known at the time as ''Mellteyrn'') in the Welsh county of Gwynedd. It is in the west of the Llŷn Peninsula ( cy, Penrhyn Llŷn), 8.4 miles (13.5 km) west of Pwllheli and 24.3 miles (39.2 km) south-west of Caernarfon. The village is often referred to simply as Sarn. The parish was abolished in 1934 and divided between the communities of Botwnnog and Tudweiliog. History Governance For elections to Gwynedd Council, the village forms part of the electoral division of Botwnnog, Dwyfor, electing one councillor. Gwenno Glyn of Llais Gwynedd was elected in 2012. Geography The river Soch runs through the village on its way to Abersoch. The village lies in a small valley with Mynydd Rhiw to the South, Mynydd Cefnamlwch to the North and Carn Fadryn to the North-East. Education Primary education is provided by Ysgol Pont y Gôf, in the nearby village of Botwnnog. The school is in the Ysgol Botwnnog catchment area and t ...
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Botwnnog
Botwnnog is a village and community in Gwynedd in Wales, located on the Llŷn Peninsula west-north-west of Abersoch. It is in the historic county of Caernarfonshire. It had a population of 955 in 2001, increasing to 996 at the 2011 Census. The community covers around . It lies between Mynytho and Sarn Meyllteyrn (which is in the community), has two schools, Pont y Gof Primary School and Ysgol Botwnnog (secondary), and a doctors' surgery, Meddygfa Rhydbach. The artist Moses Griffith (1749–1819) was born in Botwnnog and attended Ysgol Botwnnog. His watercolour ''Bottwnog church & free school'' is in the collection of the National Library of Wales. Welsh band Cowbois Rhos Botwnnog come from the small settlement of Rhos Botwnnog. The community also includes the hamlets of Bryncroes and Llandegwning. Ysgol Botwnnog Ysgol Botwnnog, a bilingual comprehensive school with about 400 pupils aged 11 to 16, was originally a grammar school founded in 1616 by Henry Rowlands, Bis ...
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Carn Fadryn
Carn Fadryn, sometimes Carn Fadrun or Garn Fadryn, is a five-hectare Iron Age hillfort and is the name of the mountain on which the fort is situated. It lies in the centre of the Llŷn Peninsula, Gwynedd, and overlooks the village of Garnfadryn, Wales. There seems to be two phases of ancient hillfort building on Carn Fadryn, followed by a medieval fortification of the summit. The first period of fortification at Garn Fadryn dates from about 300 BC, when the summit and an area of some were enclosed. These were re-fortified during a second period and a wider area towards the north of a total of about was enclosed. This second period of reinforcement dates from about 100 BC. The third fort which strengthens the natural crag near the summit is thought to be "the castle of the sons of Owain", mentioned in 1188 as being newly built. ( Giraldi Cambrensis Opera (Rolls series, 1868), VI, p123 'dua castra lapidea de nova sita fuerunt; unum...Deutrait; alterum...in capite Lhein, quod er ...
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Porth Neigwl
Porth Neigwl, also known in English as "Hell's Mouth", is a broad bay, about 3 miles (5 km) wide, on the south coast of the Llŷn Peninsula in North Wales. The bay faces south-west and lies between the headlands of Mynydd Rhiw to the west and Mynydd Cilan to the east. These craggy headlands have cliffs descending to the sea, and Porth Neigwl is said to be like a broad open mouth in the relief of south Llŷn. The name "Hell's mouth" was given for that reason and because of its danger to sailors in times of storm, with great waves and a lack of shelter. The long, straight beach stretches for about 4 miles (7 km) between the two headlands. Behind the beach are grassy dunes which form a notable sea-marsh. The River Soch briefly runs parallel to the shore before turning inland near Llanengan (the only nearby village) towards Abersoch. There is a campground at Tai-morfa near Llanengan. The big waves make it a popular resort for surfing and sailboarding. The area is a Site of ...
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Llanengan
Llanengan ( Welsh for " St. Einion's") is a small village and community around Abersoch in Gwynedd in north-west Wales. It had a population of 2,024 at the 2001 census, which had been reduced to 1,989 at the 2011 Census. The popular seaside resort village of Abersoch falls within the community, as do the villages of Llangian, Mynytho, Machroes and Llanengan. The local public house is called the Sun. Lead was formerly obtained from a lead mine just outside the village. A chimney can be seen on the left from the road to Porth Neigwl ("Hell's Mouth"), which marks the entrance to the former lead workings. Church The parish church, which is dedicated to Saint Einion Frenin, was originally established in the late 5th or early 6th century and is one of the oldest churches on the Llŷn Peninsula. In 1537, with the passing of the Dissolution of the Lesser Monasteries Act, St Mary's Abbey on Bardsey Island was dissolved and its monastic buildings demolished on the orders of Henry V ...
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Abersoch
Abersoch is a village in the community of Llanengan in Gwynedd, Wales. It is a popular coastal seaside resort, with around 800 residents, on the east-facing south coast of the Llŷn Peninsula at the southern terminus of the A499. It is about south-west of Pwllheli and south-west of the county town of Caernarfon. The village takes its name from the river Soch, which reaches the sea in the village. 'Aber' meaning 'estuary', gives us a literal translation of the 'Soch Estuary'. Archaeology In the dry summer of 2018, aerial photography at Fach Farm, some 1100 metres north of the bridge over the Afon Soch, identified crop marks that were reported as a possible Roman fortlet. High-resolution geophysics in 2019 revealed evidence of a complex defended enclosure, unlike Roman military structures but suggesting a pre-Roman date. Tourism Built upon the fishing trade, Abersoch was once a small village which grew exponentially after the 1950's with the rise of tourism. The fishing port ...
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Wales Coast Path
The Wales Coast Path ( cy, Llwybr Arfordir Cymru) is a designated long-distance trail which follows, or runs close to, the coastline of Wales. Launched in 2012, the footpath is long and was heralded as the first dedicated coast path in the world to cover the entire length of a country's coastline. The Wales Coast Path runs through eleven national nature reserves and other nature reserves such as those managed by the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds and The Wildlife Trusts.www.firstnature.com - wales Coast Path
. Retrieved 2 January 2012.

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Misfit Stream
A misfit stream is a river that is either too large or too small to have eroded the valley or cave passage in which it flows. This term is also used for a stream or river with meanders that obviously are not proportional in size to the meanders of the valley or meander scars cut into its valley walls. If the misfit stream is too large for either its valley or meanders, it is known as an overfit stream. If the misfit stream is too small for either its valley or meanders, it is known as an underfit stream.Neuendorf, K.K.E., J.P. Mehl, Jr., and J.A. Jackson, J.A., eds. (2005) ''Glossary of Geology'' (5th ed.). Alexandria, Virginia, American Geological Institute. 779 pp. Dury, G. H. (1964) ''Subsurface Exploration and Chronology of Underfit Streams.'' Professional Paper no. 452-A. U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia. The term misfit stream is often incorrectly used as a synonym for an underfit stream. An underfit stream is a type of misfit stream whose discharge is too small to ...
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Meltwater Channel
A meltwater channel (or sometimes a glacial meltwater channel) is a channel cut into ice, bedrock or unconsolidated deposits by the flow of water derived from the melting of a glacier or ice-sheet. The channel may form on the surface of, within, beneath, along the margins of or downstream from the ice mass. Accordingly it would be referred to as supraglacial, englacial, subglacial, lateral (or ice-marginal) or proglacial. Different forms of subglacial channel are described in glaciological literature including Nye or N-channels, Röthlisberger or R-channels and Hooke or H-channels. Tunnel valley is a related term descriptive of subglacial channels. Some examples of tunnel valleys in northwest England have also been described as iceways. The depositional landforms known as kames and eskers may often be found in association with meltwater channels. An urstromtal is a proglacial or ice-marginal channel common in Germany and Poland formed during various of the Pleistocene glaciat ...
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