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Aeronautical Mobile Service
Aeronautical mobile service (short: AMS; also: aeronautical mobile radiocommunication service') is – according to ''Article 1.32'' of the International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) Radio Regulations (RR) – defined as "A mobile service between aeronautical stations and aircraft stations, or between aircraft stations, in which survival craft stations may participate; emergency position-indicating radiobeacon stations may also participate in this service on designated distress and emergency frequencies." Classification Variations of this radiocommunication service in line to the ITU Radio Regulations article 1 are as follows : Mobile service (article 1.24) *Aeronautical mobile service (article 1.32) ** Aeronautical mobile (R)° service (article 1.33) ** Aeronautical mobile (OR)°° service (article 1.34) **Aeronautical mobile-satellite service (article 1.35) *** Aeronautical mobile-satellite (R)° service (article 1.36) *** Aeronautical mobile-satellite (OR)°° service ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
AF Combat Controllers Clear C-130 In Afghanistan
AF, af, Af, etc. may refer to: Arts and entertainment *A-F Records, an independent record label in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, US, founded by the band Anti-Flag *''Almost Family'' episode titles tend to be "'' djective' AF" Businesses and organizations European * ÅF, a Swedish technical consulting company * AF Gruppen, a multinational construction and development company based in Norway * Académie française, the official institution responsible for overseeing the French language * Action Française, a French far right political movement * Air France (IATA airline code and Euronext stock symbol "AF") * Anarchist Federation (British Isles), an Anarchist-Communist agitational organisation in Britain International * Abercrombie & Fitch, an American-based, international clothing retailer * The Adaptation Fund, a UN organization responsible for climate change adaptation * Adventist Forums, an organization of progressive Seventh-day Adventists * Alliance Française, an international org ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aeronautical Mobile (OR) Service
Aeronautical mobile (OR) service (short: AMS; also: aeronautical mobile radiocommunication service) is – according to ''Article 1.34'' of the International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) Radio Regulations (RR) – defined as "''An aeronautical mobile service intended for communications, including those relating to flight coordination, primarily outside national or international civil air routes''". Classification Variations of this radiocommunication service in line to the ITU Radio Regulations article 1 are as follows: : Mobile service (article 1.24) :* Aeronautical mobile service (article 1.32) :** Aeronautical mobile (R) service (article 1.33) :** Aeronautical mobile (OR) service (article 1.33) :** Aeronautical mobile-satellite service (article 1.35) :*** Aeronautical mobile-satellite (R) service (article 1.36) :*** Aeronautical mobile-satellite (OR) service (article 1.37) ; R: Route; flights on routes ; OR: Off-route; flights other than on routes Frequency allocation The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radiocommunication Service
Radio communication service or radiocommunication service is according to Article 1.19 of the International Telecommunication Union's Radio Regulations (ITU RR),ITU Radio Regulations, Section III – Radio services, Article 1.19, definition: Radiocommunication service defined as “a service…involving the transmission, emission and/or reception of radio waves for specific telecommunication purposes”. Radiocommunication Radio is the technology of signaling and communicating using radio waves. Radio waves are electromagnetic waves of frequency between 30 hertz (Hz) and 300 gigahertz (GHz). They are generated by an electronic device called a transmit ... is sub-divided into space and terrestrial radiocommunication. Space radiocommunication is defined in RR Article 1 as “any radiocommunication involving the use of one or more space stations or the use of one or more reflecting satellites or other objects in space”. Terrestrial radiocommunication is defined ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radio Station
Radio broadcasting is transmission of audio (sound), sometimes with related metadata, by radio waves to radio receivers belonging to a public audience. In terrestrial radio broadcasting the radio waves are broadcast by a land-based radio station, while in satellite radio the radio waves are broadcast by a satellite in Earth orbit. To receive the content the listener must have a broadcast radio receiver (''radio''). Stations are often affiliated with a radio network which provides content in a common radio format, either in broadcast syndication or simulcast or both. Radio stations broadcast with several different types of modulation: AM radio stations transmit in AM ( amplitude modulation), FM radio stations transmit in FM (frequency modulation), which are older analog audio standards, while newer digital radio stations transmit in several digital audio standards: DAB (digital audio broadcasting), HD radio, DRM ( Digital Radio Mondiale). Television broadcasting ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shortwave
Shortwave radio is radio transmission using shortwave (SW) radio frequencies. There is no official definition of the band, but the range always includes all of the high frequency band (HF), which extends from 3 to 30 MHz (100 to 10 metres); above the medium frequency band (MF), to the bottom of the VHF band. Radio waves in the shortwave band can be reflected or refracted from a layer of electrically charged atoms in the atmosphere called the ionosphere. Therefore, short waves directed at an angle into the sky can be reflected back to Earth at great distances, beyond the horizon. This is called skywave or "skip" propagation. Thus shortwave radio can be used for communication over very long distances, in contrast to radio waves of higher frequency, which travel in straight lines (line-of-sight propagation) and are limited by the visual horizon, about 64 km (40 miles). Shortwave broadcasts of radio programs played an important role in the early days of radio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Telecommunication Union Region
The International Telecommunication Union (ITU), in its International Radio Regulations, divides the world into three ITU regions for the purposes of managing the global radio Electromagnetic spectrum, spectrum. Each region has its own set of frequency allocations, the main reason for defining the regions. Boundaries *Region 1 comprises Europe, Africa, the Commonwealth of Independent States, Mongolia, and the Middle East west of the Persian Gulf, including Iraq. ** The western boundary is defined by Line B. *Region 2 covers the Americas including Greenland, and some of the eastern Pacific Islands. ** The eastern boundary is defined by Line B. *Region 3 contains most of non-former Soviet Union, FSU Asia east of and including Iran, and most of Oceania. Lines: * Line B is a line running from the North Pole along meridian 10° West of Greenwich to its intersection with parallel 72° North; thence by great circle arc to the intersection of meridian 50° West and parallel 40° North; t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frequency Allocation
Frequency allocation (or spectrum allocation or spectrum management) is the allocation and regulation of the electromagnetic spectrum into radio frequency bands, normally done by governments in most countries. Because radio propagation does not stop at national boundaries, governments have sought to harmonise the allocation of RF bands and their standardization. ITU definition The International Telecommunication Union defines frequency allocation as being of "a given frequency band for the purpose of its use by one or more terrestrial or space radiocommunication services or the radio astronomy service under specified conditions".ITU Radio Regulations, Section IV. Radio Stations and Systems – Article 1.16, definition: allocation (of a frequency band). ''Frequency allocation'' is also a special term, used in national frequency administration. Other terms are: Bodies Several bodies set standards for frequency allocation, including: * International Telecommunication Union (IT ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NJFA
__NOTOC__ NATO Joint Civil/Military Frequency Agreement (NJFA) and is the universal NATO common civil/military treaty to regulate the military access to the radio frequency spectrum in the range of 14 kHz to 100 GHz in peacetime, during exercises, in times of crisis, and in military operations. This document has been the basis for the frequency utilisation in NATO-Europe since 1982. Nations and organisations, e.g. partnership for peace countries, are invited to participate as deemed to be necessary. The national representatives of the frequency sovereignty agree unanimous to changes of the NJFA, in line to decisions of World Radiocommunication Conferences, operational requirement of the armed forces, and technical developments. However, the provision of "Article 38 of the International Telecommunication Convention, Nairobi 1982" remains untouched.International Telecommunication Convention, Nairobi 1982; § 163, 1. The member countries contain full sovereignty pertaining m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aeronautical Mobile-satellite (OR) Service
Aeronautical mobile-satellite (OR)°° service (short: AMS(R)S; | also: ''aeronautical mobile-satellite (R) radiocommunication service'') is – according to ''Article 1.37'' of the International Telecommunication Union, International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) ITU Radio Regulations, Radio Regulations (RR) – defined as «''An aeronautical mobile-satellite service reserved for communications relating to safety and regularity of flights, primarily outside national or international civil air routes''.» ;See also: Classification This ''radiocommunication service'' is classified in accordance with ''ITU Radio Regulations'' (article 1) as follows: Mobile service (article 1.24) *Aeronautical mobile service (article 1.32) **Aeronautical mobile-satellite service (article 1.35) ***Aeronautical mobile-satellite (R) service, Aeronautical mobile-satellite (R)° service (article 1.36) ***Aeronautical mobile-satellite (OR)°° service (article 1.37) (R)° – abbreviation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aeronautical Mobile-satellite (R) Service
Aeronautical mobile-satellite (R)° service (short: AMS(R)S; | also: ''aeronautical mobile-satellite (R) radiocommunication service'') is – according to ''Article 1.36'' of the International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) Radio Regulations (RR) – defined as «''An aeronautical mobile-satellite service reserved for communications relating to safety and regularity of flights, primarily along national or international civil air routes''.» ;See also: Classification This ''radiocommunication service'' is classified in accordance with ''ITU Radio Regulations'' (article 1) as follows: Mobile service (article 1.24) *Aeronautical mobile service (article 1.32) **Aeronautical mobile-satellite service (article 1.35) ***Aeronautical mobile-satellite (R)° service *** Aeronautical mobile-satellite (OR)°° service (article 1.37) (R)° – abbreviation to route flights (route) (OR)°° – abbreviation to flights others than on routes (off-route) Frequency allocation The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aeronautical Mobile-satellite Service
Aeronautical mobile-satellite service (short: AMSS; | also: ''aeronautical mobile-satellite radiocommunication service'') is – according to ''Article 1.35'' of the International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) Radio Regulations (RR) – defined as ''«A mobile-satellite service in which mobile earth stations are located on board aircraft; survival craft stations and emergency position-indicating radiobeacon stations may also participate in this service. ''. » ;See also: Classification This ''radiocommunication service'' is classified in accordance with ''ITU Radio Regulations'' (article 1) as follows: Mobile service (article 1.24) *Aeronautical mobile service (article 1.32) **Aeronautical mobile-satellite service *** Aeronautical mobile-satellite (R)° service (article 1.36) *** Aeronautical mobile-satellite (OR)°° service (article 1.37) (R)° = abbreviation to route flights (route)(OR)°° = abbreviation to flights others than on routes (off-route) Frequenc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aeronautical Mobile (R) Service
Aeronautical mobile (R) service (short: AM(R)S; | also: ''aeronautical mobile radiocommunication (R) service'') is – according to ''Article 1.33'' of the International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) Radio Regulations (RR) – defined as ''«An aeronautical mobile service reserved for communications relating to safety and regularity of flight, primarily along national or international civil air routes.»'' This service is a so-called safety-of-life service, must be protected for Interferences, and is essential part of air traffic control. ;See also: Classification This ''radiocommunication service'' is classified in accordance with ''ITU Radio Regulations'' (article 1) as follows: Mobile service (article 1.24) *Aeronautical mobile service (article 1.32) **Aeronautical mobile (R)° service (article 1.33) ** Aeronautical mobile (OR)°° (article 1.34) **Aeronautical mobile-satellite service (article 1.35) *** Aeronautical mobile-satellite (R)° service (article 1.3 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
