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Adelophthalmus
''Adelophthalmus'' is a genus of eurypterid, an extinct group of aquatic arthropods. Fossils of ''Adelophthalmus'' have been discovered in deposits ranging in age from the Early Devonian to the Early Permian, which makes it the longest lived of all known eurypterid genera, with a total temporal range of over 120 million years. ''Adelopththalmus'' was the final genus of the Eurypterina suborder of eurypterids and consisted the only known genus of swimming eurypterids from the Middle Devonian until its extinction during the Permian, after which the few surviving eurypterids were all walking forms of the suborder Stylonurina. Fossils of ''Adelophthalmus'' have been described from four continents; North America, Europe, Asia and Australia, which indicates that ''Adelophthalmus'' might have had a nearly cosmopolitan (worldwide) distribution, one of few eurypterid genera to achieve one besides potentially ''Pterygotus''. The territorial expansion of ''Adelophthalmus'' had begun early, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adelophthalmus Irinae
''Adelophthalmus'' is a genus of eurypterid, an extinct group of aquatic arthropods. Fossils of ''Adelophthalmus'' have been discovered in deposits ranging in age from the Early Devonian to the Early Permian, which makes it the longest lived of all known eurypterid genera, with a total temporal range of over 120 million years. ''Adelopththalmus'' was the final genus of the Eurypterina suborder of eurypterids and consisted the only known genus of swimming eurypterids from the Middle Devonian until its extinction during the Permian, after which the few surviving eurypterids were all walking forms of the suborder Stylonurina. Fossils of ''Adelophthalmus'' have been described from four continents; North America, Europe, Asia and Australia, which indicates that ''Adelophthalmus'' might have had a nearly cosmopolitan (worldwide) distribution, one of few eurypterid genera to achieve one besides potentially ''Pterygotus''. The territorial expansion of ''Adelophthalmus'' had begun early, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adelophthalmus Size
''Adelophthalmus'' is a genus of eurypterid, an extinct group of aquatic arthropods. Fossils of ''Adelophthalmus'' have been discovered in deposits ranging in age from the Early Devonian to the Early Permian, which makes it the longest lived of all known eurypterid genera, with a total temporal range of over 120 million years. ''Adelopththalmus'' was the final genus of the Eurypterina suborder of eurypterids and consisted the only known genus of swimming eurypterids from the Middle Devonian until its extinction during the Permian, after which the few surviving eurypterids were all walking forms of the suborder Stylonurina. Fossils of ''Adelophthalmus'' have been described from four continents; North America, Europe, Asia and Australia, which indicates that ''Adelophthalmus'' might have had a nearly cosmopolitan (worldwide) distribution, one of few eurypterid genera to achieve one besides potentially ''Pterygotus''. The territorial expansion of ''Adelophthalmus'' had begun early, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adelophthalmidae
Adelophthalmidae (the name deriving from the type genus ''Adelophthalmus'', meaning "no obvious eyes") is a family of eurypterids, an extinct group of aquatic arthropods. Adelophthalmidae is the only family classified as part of the superfamily Adelophthalmoidea, which in turn is classified within the infraorder Diploperculata in the suborder Eurypterina. Adelophthalmid eurypterids were small and swimming eurypterids that appeared in the Silurian period. With the earliest known members of the group, '' Nanahughmilleria prominens'' and '' Parahughmilleria maria'', being known from deposits of Early Silurian (possibly the Llandovery epoch) age and the last members, belonging to the long-lasting and widespread genus ''Adelophthalmus'', going extinct in the Early Permian, the Adelophthalmidae is the longest lasting single family of eurypterids. The survival of the group, and of swimming eurypterids (the suborder Eurypterina) beyond the Late Devonian is entirely due to the survival, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eurypterid
Eurypterids, often informally called sea scorpions, are a group of extinct arthropods that form the Order (biology), order Eurypterida. The earliest known eurypterids date to the Darriwilian stage of the Ordovician period 467.3 Myr, million years ago. The group is likely to have appeared first either during the Early Ordovician or Late Cambrian period. With approximately 250 species, the Eurypterida is the most diverse Paleozoic Chelicerata, chelicerate order. Following their appearance during the Ordovician, eurypterids became major components of marine faunas during the Silurian, from which the majority of eurypterid species have been described. The Silurian genus ''Eurypterus'' accounts for more than 90% of all known eurypterid specimens. Though the group continued to diversify during the subsequent Devonian period, the eurypterids were heavily affected by the Late Devonian extinction event. They declined in numbers and diversity until becoming extinct during the Permian–Tri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eurypterina
Eurypterina is one of two suborders of eurypterids, an extinct group of chelicerate arthropods commonly known as "sea scorpions". Eurypterine eurypterids are sometimes informally known as "swimming eurypterids". They are known from fossil deposits worldwide, though primarily in North America and Europe. Seventy-five percent of eurypterid species are eurypterines; this represents 99% of specimens. The superfamily Pterygotioidea is the most species-rich clade, with 56 species, followed by the Adelophthalmoidea with 43 species; as sister taxa, they comprise the most derived eurypterines. Pterygotioidea includes the pterygotids, which are the only eurypterids known to have a cosmopolitan distribution. Though more numerous both in specimens and taxa, the eurypterines have the shorter temporal range of the two eurypterid suborders. They first appeared around the same time as the Stylonurina in the Middle Ordovician. The suborder faced a slow extinction during the Middle and Late Devo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carboniferous
The Carboniferous ( ) is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic that spans 60 million years from the end of the Devonian Period million years ago ( Mya), to the beginning of the Permian Period, million years ago. The name ''Carboniferous'' means "coal-bearing", from the Latin '' carbō'' ("coal") and '' ferō'' ("bear, carry"), and refers to the many coal beds formed globally during that time. The first of the modern 'system' names, it was coined by geologists William Conybeare and William Phillips in 1822, based on a study of the British rock succession. The Carboniferous is often treated in North America as two geological periods, the earlier Mississippian and the later Pennsylvanian. Terrestrial animal life was well established by the Carboniferous Period. Tetrapods (four limbed vertebrates), which had originated from lobe-finned fish during the preceding Devonian, became pentadactylous in and diversified during the Carboniferous, including early amphibian line ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holotype
A holotype is a single physical example (or illustration) of an organism, known to have been used when the species (or lower-ranked taxon) was formally described. It is either the single such physical example (or illustration) or one of several examples, but explicitly designated as the holotype. Under the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN), a holotype is one of several kinds of name-bearing types. In the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN) and ICZN, the definitions of types are similar in intent but not identical in terminology or underlying concept. For example, the holotype for the butterfly '' Plebejus idas longinus'' is a preserved specimen of that subspecies, held by the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard University. In botany, an isotype is a duplicate of the holotype, where holotype and isotypes are often pieces from the same individual plant or samples from the same gathering. A holotype is not necessarily "typ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhinocarcinosoma
''Rhinocarcinosoma'' is a genus of eurypterid, an extinct group of aquatic arthropods. Fossils of ''Rhinocarcinosoma'' have been discovered in deposits ranging of Late Silurian age in the United States, Canada and Vietnam. The genus contains three species, the American ''R. cicerops'' and ''R. vaningeni'' and the Vietnamese ''R. dosonensis''. The generic name is derived from the related genus ''Carcinosoma'', and the Greek ῥινός (rhinós, "nose"), referring to the unusual shovel-shaped protrusion on the front of the carapace (head plate) of ''Rhinocarcinosoma'', its most distinctive feature. Other than the protrusion, ''Rhinocarcinosoma'' was anatomically very similar to its close relative, ''Eusarcana'', though it lacked the scorpion-like telson (the posteriormost division of the body) of that genus. Further distinguishing features include more slender appendages and slightly different ornamentation of scales. In terms of size, ''Rhinocarcinosoma'' was a medium-sized carc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slimonia
''Slimonia'' is a genus of eurypterid, an extinct group of aquatic arthropods. Fossils of ''Slimonia'' have been discovered in deposits of Silurian age in South America and Europe. Classified as part of the family Slimonidae alongside the related ''Salteropterus'', the genus contains three valid species, ''S. acuminata'' from Lesmahagow, Scotland, ''S. boliviana'' from Cochabamba, Bolivia and ''S. dubia'' from the Pentland Hills of Scotland and one dubious species, ''S. stylops'', from Herefordshire, England. The generic name is derived from and honors Robert Slimon, a fossil collector and surgeon from Lesmahagow. Out of the four described species of ''Slimonia'', three measured below or up to in length. Only ''S. acuminata'' was larger, with the largest specimens measuring in length. Though this is large for a predatory arthropod, ''Slimonia'' would be exceeded in length by later and more derived (more "advanced") members of the closely related pterygotid family of eurypterid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Devonian
The Devonian ( ) is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic era, spanning 60.3 million years from the end of the Silurian, million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Carboniferous, Mya. It is named after Devon, England, where rocks from this period were first studied. The first significant adaptive radiation of life on dry land occurred during the Devonian. Free-sporing vascular plants began to spread across dry land, forming extensive forests which covered the continents. By the middle of the Devonian, several groups of plants had evolved leaves and true roots, and by the end of the period the first seed-bearing plants appeared. The arthropod groups of myriapods, arachnids and hexapods also became well-established early in this period, after starting their expansion to land at least from the Ordovician period. Fish reached substantial diversity during this time, leading the Devonian to often be dubbed the Age of Fishes. The placoderms began dominating ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nekton
Nekton or necton (from the ) refers to the actively swimming aquatic organisms in a body of water. The term was proposed by German biologist Ernst Haeckel to differentiate between the active swimmers in a body of water, and the passive organisms that were carried along by the current, the plankton. As a guideline, nektonic organisms have a high Reynolds number (greater than 1000) and planktonic organisms a low one (less than 10). However, some organisms can begin life as plankton and transition to nekton later on in life, sometimes making distinction difficult when attempting to classify certain plankton-to-nekton species as one or the other. For this reason, some biologists choose not to use this term. History The term was first proposed and used by the German biologist Ernst Haeckel in 1891 in his article ''Plankton-Studien'' where he contrasted it with plankton, the aggregate of passively floating, drifting, or somewhat motile organisms present in a body of water, primarily t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monophyletic Group
A clade (), also known as a monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that are monophyletic – that is, composed of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants – on a phylogenetic tree. Rather than the English term, the equivalent Latin term ''cladus'' (plural ''cladi'') is often used in taxonomical literature. The common ancestor may be an individual, a population, or a species ( extinct or extant). Clades are nested, one in another, as each branch in turn splits into smaller branches. These splits reflect evolutionary history as populations diverged and evolved independently. Clades are termed monophyletic (Greek: "one clan") groups. Over the last few decades, the cladistic approach has revolutionized biological classification and revealed surprising evolutionary relationships among organisms. Increasingly, taxonomists try to avoid naming taxa that are not clades; that is, taxa that are not monophyletic. Some of the relationships between organis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
