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Action Of 8 May 1744
The action of 8 May 1744 was a minor naval engagement of the War of the Austrian Succession in which two French ships of the line, the 60-gun ''Content'', and the 64-gun ''Mars'', captured the British 70-gun HMS ''Northumberland'' after a desperate action lasting four hours. ''Northumberland''s captain, Thomas Watson, and her second lieutenant were among those killed. Battle On 8 May, Vice-Admiral Sir Charles Hardy's squadron cruising off Berlengas The Berlengas are a Portuguese archipelago consisting of small Atlantic islands off the coast of Peniche, Portugal, in the Oeste region. These islands were traditionally known to British mariners as "the Burlings". The only inhabited island is ... discovered a sail to the north, and the ''Northumberland'' was ordered to chase in that direction.Allen, p. 143. The enemy sail was made out by the ''Northumberland'' to be a French ship of the line, and was found to be accompanied by two other ships; a 60-gun vessel and a frigate.Gu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ambroise Louis Garneray
Ambroise Louis Garneray (19 February 1783 – 11 September 1857) was a French corsair, painter and writer. He served under Robert Surcouf and Jean-Marie Dutertre, and was held as prisoner-of-war by the British for eight years after being captured before being repatriated at the conclusion of the Napoleonic Wars, continuing his career as a painter until his death in 1857. Biography Early life Garneray was born in Paris (on Rue Saint-Andre-des-arts, in the Latin Quarter) on 19 February 1783. He was the elder son of Jean-François Garneray (1755–1837), painter of the king, who was pupil of Jacques-Louis David. At thirteen, he joined the Navy as a seaman, encouraged by his cousin, Beaulieu-Leloup, commander of the frigate ''Forte'' ("the Stout one"). Garneray sailed from Rochefort to the Indian Ocean with the frigate division under Sercey, to which the ''Forte'' belonged. Garneray took part in the various campaigns of Sercey division and witnessed the hardship it met in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gregorian Calendar
The Gregorian calendar is the calendar used in most parts of the world. It was introduced in October 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII as a modification of, and replacement for, the Julian calendar. The principal change was to space leap years differently so as to make the average calendar year 365.2425 days long, more closely approximating the 365.2422-day 'tropical' or 'solar' year that is determined by the Earth's revolution around the Sun. The rule for leap years is: There were two reasons to establish the Gregorian calendar. First, the Julian calendar assumed incorrectly that the average solar year is exactly 365.25 days long, an overestimate of a little under one day per century, and thus has a leap year every four years without exception. The Gregorian reform shortened the average (calendar) year by 0.0075 days to stop the drift of the calendar with respect to the equinoxes.See Wikisource English translation of the (Latin) 1582 papal bull '' Inter gravissimas''. Second, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naval Battles Of The War Of The Austrian Succession
A navy, naval force, or maritime force is the branch of a nation's armed forces principally designated for naval and amphibious warfare; namely, lake-borne, riverine, littoral, or ocean-borne combat operations and related functions. It includes anything conducted by surface ships, amphibious ships, submarines, and seaborne aviation, as well as ancillary support, communications, training, and other fields. The strategic offensive role of a navy is projection of force into areas beyond a country's shores (for example, to protect sea-lanes, deter or confront piracy, ferry troops, or attack other navies, ports, or shore installations). The strategic defensive purpose of a navy is to frustrate seaborne projection-of-force by enemies. The strategic task of the navy also may incorporate nuclear deterrence by use of submarine-launched ballistic missiles. Naval operations can be broadly divided between riverine and littoral applications (brown-water navy), open-ocean applications (blu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conflicts In 1744
Conflict may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Films * ''Conflict'' (1921 film), an American silent film directed by Stuart Paton * ''Conflict'' (1936 film), an American boxing film starring John Wayne * ''Conflict'' (1937 film), a Swedish drama film directed by Per-Axel Branner * ''Conflict'' (1938 film), a French drama film directed by Léonide Moguy * ''Conflict'' (1945 film), an American suspense film starring Humphrey Bogart * ''Catholics: A Fable'' (1973 film), or ''The Conflict'', a film starring Martin Sheen * ''Judith'' (1966 film) or ''Conflict'', a film starring Sophia Loren * ''Samar'' (1999 film) or ''Conflict'', a 1999 Indian film by Shyam Benegal Games * ''Conflict'' (series), a 2002–2008 series of war games for the PS2, Xbox, and PC * ''Conflict'' (video game), a 1989 Nintendo Entertainment System war game * '' Conflict: Middle East Political Simulator'', a 1990 strategy computer game Literature and periodicals * ''Conflict'' (novel) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Hardy (Royal Navy Officer, Died 1744)
Vice-Admiral Sir Charles Hardy (1680 – 27 November 1744), also known as Sir Charles Hardy the Elder, was a Royal Navy officer of the eighteenth century. Hardy entered the Royal Navy in 1695, joining his cousin Captain Thomas Hardy's ship HMS ''Pendennis''. Promoted to lieutenant in 1701, he served in several ships of the line before being promoted to commander in 1705. Hardy commanded sloops in the English Channel, Mediterranean and North Seas, before taking command of HMS ''Dunwich'' in 1709, in which he was promoted to post captain. Hardy subsequently served for a year at Jamaica before commanding two ships during the Great Northern War between 1718 and 1720. Having changed commands several times, in 1727 he fought at the thirteenth siege of Gibraltar in HMS ''Kent''. Hardy commanded the royal yacht HMY ''Carolina'' between 1730 and 1742, being knighted in 1732. In 1742 he was promoted to rear-admiral, advancing to vice-admiral in December 1743. Also in that month he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HMS Northumberland (1705)
HMS ''Northumberland'' was a 70-gun third-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, built at Deptford Dockyard and launched in 1705. British service She was rebuilt twice during her career, firstly at Woolwich Dockyard, where she was reconstructed according to the 1719 Establishment and relaunched on 13 July 1721. Her second rebuild was also carried out at Woolwich Dockyard, where she was reconstructed as a 64-gun third rate according to the 1741 proposals of the 1719 Establishment, and relaunched on 17 October 1743. ''Northumberland'' was captured during the action of 8 May 1744 by the French ships ''Mars'' commanded by Étienne Perier and ''Content'' commanded by the Comte de Conflans. She was subsequently taken into the French navy as ''Northumberland'', before being renamed ''Atlas'' in 1766. French service Fate She sank in February 1781 off the coast of Ushant Ushant (; br, Eusa, ; french: Ouessant, ) is a French island at the southwestern end of the English ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Ship Mars (1740)
''Mars'' was a 64-gun third-rate ship of the line of the French Navy. ''Mars'' was captured by off Cape Clear in 1746. She was taken into Royal Navy service as HMS ''Mars'' and was wrecked in 1755 near Halifax, Nova Scotia. French service She took part in the action that took off Ushant on 8 May 1744. ''Le Mars'' was captured by HMS ''Nottingham'', under Philip Saumarez, off Cape Clear, off Ireland in 1746. British service Commissioned in March 1747, under the command of Captain Edward Hawke. Francis Light, founder of Penang, began his Royal Navy The Royal Navy (RN) is the United Kingdom's naval warfare force. Although warships were used by English and Scottish kings from the early medieval period, the first major maritime engagements were fought in the Hundred Years' War against F ... service as a surgeon's servant on ''Mars'' in February 1754. While on a voyage from Portsmouth, England to Louisbourg, Nova Scotia, she was wrecked on 25 June 1755 on a rock (no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Ship Content (1717)
Several ships of the French Navy have borne the name ''Content'': *''Content'' (1672), hulked in 1685. *''Content'' (1686), captured in 1695 by and taken into service as and hulked in 1703. *''Content'' (1695), sold for breaking up in 1712. *''Content'' (1717), sold in 1747. *''Content'' (1747), captured in 1793 at Toulon Toulon (, , ; oc, label= Provençal, Tolon , , ) is a city on the French Riviera and a large port on the Mediterranean coast, with a major naval base. Located in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region, and the Provence province, Toulon is th ... and burnt. {{DEFAULTSORT:Content French Navy ship names ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Julian Calendar
The Julian calendar, proposed by Roman consul Julius Caesar in 46 BC, was a reform of the Roman calendar. It took effect on , by edict. It was designed with the aid of Greek mathematicians and astronomers such as Sosigenes of Alexandria. The calendar became the predominant calendar in the Roman Empire and subsequently most of the Western world for more than 1,600 years until 1582, when Pope Gregory XIII promulgated a minor modification to reduce the average length of the year from 365.25 days to 365.2425 days and thus corrected the Julian calendar's drift against the solar year. Worldwide adoption of this revised calendar, which became known as the Gregorian calendar, took place over the subsequent centuries, first in Catholic countries and subsequently in Protestant countries of the Western Christian world. The Julian calendar is still used in parts of the Eastern Orthodox Church and in parts of Oriental Orthodoxy as well as by the Berbers. The Julian calenda ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
War Of The Austrian Succession
The War of the Austrian Succession () was a European conflict that took place between 1740 and 1748. Fought primarily in Central Europe, the Austrian Netherlands, Italy, the Atlantic and Mediterranean, related conflicts included King George's War in North America, the War of Jenkins' Ear, the First Carnatic War and the First Silesian War, First and Second Silesian Wars. Its pretext was the right of Maria Theresa to succeed her father Emperor Charles VI as ruler of the Habsburg monarchy. Kingdom of France, France, Kingdom of Prussia, Prussia and Electorate of Bavaria, Bavaria saw it as an opportunity to challenge Habsburg power, while Maria Theresa was backed by Kingdom of Great Britain, Britain, the Dutch Republic and Electorate of Hanover, Hanover, collectively known as the Pragmatic Sanction of 1713, Pragmatic Allies. As the conflict widened, it drew in other participants, among them History of Spain (1700–1810), Spain, Kingdom of Sardinia, Sardinia, Electorate of Saxony, S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Watson (Royal Navy Officer)
Thomas Watson may refer to: Bishops *Thomas Watson (bishop of Lincoln) (1515–1584), Catholic bishop * Thomas Watson (bishop of St David's) (1637–1717), English clergyman Writers *Thomas Watson (poet) (c. 1557–1592), English poet and translator *Thomas Watson (Puritan) (c. 1620–1686), nonconformist preacher and writer *Tom Watson (journalist) (born 1962), journalist and author Sportsmen *Tom Watson (golfer) (born 1949), American golfer * Tommy Watson (boxer) (1908–1971), English boxer * Tommy Watson (footballer, born 1943), Scottish football winger * Tommy Watson (footballer, born 1969), English football player *Tom Watson (footballer, born 1870) (1870–1902), English football goalkeeper for Small Heath *Tom Watson (footballer, born 1904) (1904–1979), footballer for Rochdale *Tom Watson (footballer, born 1900) (1900–1978), Ireland international football player *Tom Watson (football manager) (1859–1915), English football manager * Tom Watson (Australian footballer) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Étienne Perier (governor)
Étienne Perier or Étienne de Perier (16861766), also known as Perier the Elder (french: Perier l'Aîné), was a French naval officer and governor of French Louisiana from 1726 to 1733. His time as governor included some notable achievements, including the construction of the first levee along the Mississippi River in 1727. In response to the Natchez Revolt, he attempted to completely destroy the Natchez people, which increased Native American hostility toward the French in the territory. Because he failed to secure the safety of the colony, Perier was recalled as governor in March 1733. He later distinguished himself as a naval officer and privateer, including during the capture of HMS ''Northumberland'' in 1744. Early life Étienne Perier was born on February 27, 1686 in Brest in France. He was the son of and Marie de Launay. His father was a non-noble shipowner and merchant in Le Havre. By 1691 the family moved to Dunkirk, where Perier's father served as captain of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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