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Action Française (post 1945)
Action Française is a French monarchism in France, royalist and French nationalism, nationalist political movement that restructured in 1947 after its Action Française, pre-war iteration was disbanded following the Liberation of France. Revived under the leadership of Maurice Pujo, it launched the newspaper ''Aspects de la France'' and the counter-revolutionary organization Restauration Nationale. Despite the death of its prominent leader Charles Maurras in 1952, the movement persisted, although it struggled to maintain relevance as monarchism waned in popularity and French far-right politics evolved. In the decades following World War II, ''Action Française'' saw internal divisions, leading to splinter groups like the ''Nouvelle Action Royaliste'' in 1971, which sought to modernize royalist ideology. While its influence diminished, the movement continued through various publications and associations, with figures such as Pierre Pujo leading efforts to preserve its legacy. By t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Logo RN-CRAF 2019
A logo (abbreviation of logotype; ) is a graphic mark, emblem, or symbol used to aid and promote public identification and recognition. It may be of an abstract or figurative design or include the text of the name that it represents, as in a wordmark. In the days of hot metal typesetting, a logotype was one word cast as a single piece of type (e.g. "The" in ATF Garamond), as opposed to a Typographic ligature, ligature, which is two or more letters joined, but not forming a word. By extension, the term was also used for a uniquely set and arranged typeface or colophon (publishing), colophon. At the level of mass communication and in common usage, a company's logo is today often synonymous with its trademark or brand.Wheeler, Alina. ''Designing Brand Identity'' © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. (page 4) Etymology Online Etymology Dictionary, Douglas Harper's ''Online Etymology Dictionary'' states that the first surviving written record of the term 'logo' dates back to 1937, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roman Catholicism
The Catholic Church (), also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the List of Christian denominations by number of members, largest Christian church, with 1.27 to 1.41 billion baptized Catholics Catholic Church by country, worldwide as of 2025. It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions and has played a prominent role in the history and development of Western civilization.Gerald O'Collins, O'Collins, p. v (preface). The church consists of 24 Catholic particular churches and liturgical rites#Churches, ''sui iuris'' (autonomous) churches, including the Latin Church and 23 Eastern Catholic Churches, which comprise almost 3,500 dioceses and Eparchy, eparchies List of Catholic dioceses (structured view), around the world, each overseen by one or more Bishops in the Catholic Church, bishops. The pope, who is the bishop of Rome, is the Papal supremacy, chief pastor of the church. The core beliefs of Catholicism are found in the Nicene Creed. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Rally
The National Rally (, , RN), known as the National Front from 1972 to 2018 (, , FN), is a French far-right politics, far-right political party, described as right-wing populist and French nationalism, nationalist. It is the single largest National Rally group (National Assembly), parliamentary opposition party in the National Assembly (France), National Assembly since 2022. It Opposition to immigration, opposes immigration, advocating significant cuts to legal immigration, protection of French identity, and stricter control of illegal immigration. The party advocates a "more balanced" and "independent" French foreign policy, opposing French military intervention in Africa while supporting France leaving NATO's integrated command. It also supports reform of the European Union (EU), economic interventionism, protectionism, and zero tolerance for breaches of Law and order (politics), law and order. The party was founded in 1972 by the Ordre Nouveau (1960s), Ordre Nouveau to be t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Culture Of France
The culture of France has been shaped by geography, by historical events, and by foreign and internal forces and groups. France, and in particular Paris, has played an important role as a center of high culture since the 17th century and from the 19th century on, worldwide. From the late 19th century, France has also played an important role in cinema, fashion, cuisine, literature, technology, the social sciences, and mathematics. The importance of French culture has waxed and waned over the centuries, depending on its economic, political and military importance. French culture today is marked both by great regional and socioeconomic differences and strong unifying tendencies. A global opinion poll for the BBC saw France ranked as the country with the fourth most positive influence in the world (behind Germany, Canada and the UK) in 2014. French culture The Académie Française sets an official standard of linguistic purism; however, this standard, which is not mandatory, i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catholic Social Teaching
Catholic social teaching (CST) is an area of Catholic doctrine which is concerned with human dignity and the common good in society. It addresses oppression, the role of the state, subsidiarity, social organization, social justice, and wealth distribution. CST's foundations are considered to have been laid by Pope Leo XIII's 1891 encyclical, '' Rerum novarum'', of which interpretations gave rise to distributism (formulated by G. K. Chesterton) and Catholic socialism (proposed by Andrew Collier), among others. Its roots can be traced to Catholic theologians such as Thomas Aquinas and Augustine of Hippo. CST is also derived from the Bible and cultures of the ancient Near East. According to Pope John Paul II, the foundation of social justice "rests on the threefold cornerstones of human dignity, solidarity and subsidiarity". According to Pope Benedict XVI, its purpose "is simply to help purify reason and to contribute, here and now, to the acknowledgment and attainm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pierre Pujo
Pierre Pujo, born on November 19, 1929, in Boulogne-Billancourt and died on November 10, 2007, in 14th arrondissement of Paris, Paris's 14th arrondissement, was a journalist, essayist, media proprietor, politician, and activist with a Royalism in France, royalist background in France. He was the son of Maurice Pujo (co-founder of the ''Revue d'Action française'' alongside Charles Maurras in 1899) and Élisabeth Bernard.Maternal lineage sourced from ''À la découverte de leurs racines,'' Volume I, chapter "Maurice Pujo," by Joseph Valynseele and Denis Grando, L'Intermédiaire des Chercheurs et Curieux, 1988. Biography During the Occupation, Pujo attended the Jesuit college in Lyon, and after the Liberation of France, Liberation, he transferred to the Collège Stanislas de Paris, Collège Stanislas in Paris. At the age of 15, he began his activism with the Action française. Later, he joined the Institut d'études politiques de Paris, where he was a classmate of Jacques Chirac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nouvelle Action Royaliste
The New Royalist Action (, NAR) is a royalist political movement desiring to create a constitutional monarchy in France under the House of Orléans. A member of the International Monarchist Conference, it represents the left-wing faction of the French monarchist movement. History The NAR political movement has its roots in ''Action Française'', the major French monarchist movement before World War II, which was re-formed by Maurice Pujo in 1947 around the movement ''Restoration Nationale'', as well as ''La Nation française'' magazine in the aftermath of the protests of 1968 and by concession of Maurice Clavel. On 31 March 1971, a breakaway movement was led by Yvan Aumont, Gérard Leclerc (director of the Institute of National Politics and national director of study circles), and Bertrand Renouvin, the author of the "Royalist Project". Alongside fellow former steering committee members Yves Lemaignen, Jean Toublanc, and Georges-Paul Wagner, they established the ''Nouvelle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Restauration Nationale
The Restauration Nationale (often abbreviated as RN) is a French political movement rooted in the royalist tradition and aligned with the legacy of the Action française. Positioned on the far-right of the political spectrum, it was founded in 1955 during the early days of the Algerian War by Pierre Juhel and Louis-Olivier de Roux, both former Camelots du Roi. Initially known as the "Propaganda Center for Action Française Royalism," the RN advocated for the French Algeria cause and supported the Organisation armée secrète (OAS). History Founding After the condemnation of Charles Maurras and Maurice Pujo in 1945 for collaboration with the enemy, the name "Action française" was banned. However, the Maurrassian philosophy survived through the efforts of intellectuals like Pierre Gaxotte and Thierry Maulnier. The royalist movement was reorganized by figures like Maurice Pujo and Georges Calzant, who relaunched the publication ''Aspects de la France'' in 1947. Around this ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liberation Of France
The liberation of France () in the Second World War was accomplished through diplomacy, politics and the combined military efforts of the Allied Powers, Free French forces in London and Africa, as well as the French Resistance. Nazi Germany invaded France in May 1940. Their rapid advance through the almost undefended Ardennes caused a crisis in the French government; the French Third Republic dissolved itself in July, and handed over absolute power to Marshal Philippe Pétain, an elderly hero of World War I. Pétain signed an armistice with Germany with the north and west of France under German military occupation. Pétain, charged with calling a Constitutional Authority, instead established an authoritarian government in the spa town of Vichy, in the southern ''zone libre'' ("free zone"). Though nominally independent, Vichy France became a collaborationist regime and was little more than a Nazi client state that actively participated in Jewish deportations and aided German ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Action Française
''Action Française'' (, AF; ) is a French far-right monarchist and nationalist political movement. The name was also given to a journal associated with the movement, '' L'Action Française'', sold by its own youth organization, the Camelots du Roi. The movement and the journal were founded by Maurice Pujo and Henri Vaugeois in 1899, as a nationalist reaction against the intervention of left-wing intellectuals on behalf of Alfred Dreyfus. The royalist militant Charles Maurras quickly joined ''Action Française'' and became its principal ideologist. Under the influence of Maurras, ''Action Française'' became royalist, counter-revolutionary (objecting to the legacy of the French Revolution), anti-parliamentary, and pro-decentralization, espousing corporatism, integralism, and Roman Catholicism. Shortly after it was created, ''Action Française'' tried to influence the public opinion by turning its journal into a daily newspaper and by setting up other organizations. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monarchism In France
Monarchism is the advocacy of the system of monarchy or monarchical rule. A monarchist is an individual who supports this form of government independently of any specific monarch, whereas one who supports a particular monarch is a royalist. Conversely, the opposition to monarchical rule is referred to as republicanism. Depending on the country, a royalist may advocate for the rule of the person who sits on the throne, a regent, a pretender, or someone who would otherwise occupy the throne but has been deposed. History Monarchical rule is among the oldest political institutions. The similar form of societal hierarchy known as chiefdom or tribal kingship is prehistoric. Chiefdoms provided the concept of state formation, which started with civilizations such as Mesopotamia, Ancient Egypt and the Indus Valley civilization. In some parts of the world, chiefdoms became monarchies. Monarchs have generally ceded power in the modern era, having substantially diminished since World ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yellow
Yellow is the color between green and orange on the spectrum of light. It is evoked by light with a dominant wavelength of roughly 575585 nm. It is a primary color in subtractive color systems, used in painting or color printing. In the RGB color model, used to create colors on television and computer screens, yellow is a secondary color made by combining red and green at equal intensity. Carotenoids give the characteristic yellow color to autumn leaves, corn, canaries, daffodils, and lemons, as well as egg yolks, buttercups, and bananas. They absorb light energy and protect plants from photo damage in some cases. Sunlight has a slight yellowish hue when the Sun is near the horizon, due to atmospheric scattering of shorter wavelengths (green, blue, and violet). Because it was widely available, yellow ochre pigment was one of the first colors used in art; the Lascaux cave in France has a painting of a yellow horse 17,000 years old. Ochre and orpiment pigmen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
