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Acinetobacter Calcoaceticus
''Acinetobacter calcoaceticus'' is a bacterial species of the genus ''Acinetobacter''. It is a nonmotile, Gram-negative coccobacillus. It grows under aerobic conditions, is catalase positive and oxidase negative. ''A. calcoaceticus'' is a part of the A. calcoaceticus-A. baumannii complex together with ''Acinetobacter baumannii'', ''Acinetobacter nosocomialis'', ''Acinetobacter pitti'' and ''Acinetobacter seifertii''. Habitat ''A. calcoaceticus'' is a soil bacterium. It has been shown to be prevalent in the tiger mosquito ''Aedes albopictus'' microflora. Metabolism Phloroglucinol carboxylic acid is a degradation product excreted by ''A. calcoaceticus'' grown on (+)-catechin Catechin is a flavan-3-ol, a type of secondary metabolite providing antioxidant roles in plants. It belongs to the subgroup of polyphenols called flavonoids. The name of the catechin chemical family derives from ''catechu'', which is the tannic ... as the sole source of carbon. Uses ''A. calcoaceticus' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Martinus Beijerinck
Martinus Willem Beijerinck (, 16 March 1851 – 1 January 1931) was a Dutch microbiologist and botanist who was one of the founders of virology and environmental microbiology. He is credited with the discovery of viruses, which he called "''contagium vivum fluidum''". Life Early life and education Born in Amsterdam, Beijerinck studied at the Technical School of Delft, where he was awarded the degree of Chemical Engineer in 1872. He obtained his Doctor of Science degree from the University of Leiden in 1877. At the time, Delft, then a Polytechnic, did not have the right to confer doctorates, so Leiden did this for them. He became a teacher in microbiology at the Agricultural School in Wageningen (now Wageningen University) and later at the ''Polytechnische Hogeschool Delft'' (Delft Polytechnic, currently Delft University of Technology) (from 1895). He established the Delft School of Microbiology. His studies of agricultural and industrial microbiology yielded fundamental disco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1911 In Science
The year 1911 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below. Astronomy * June 28 – The Nakhla meteorite (from Mars) lands in the area of Alexandria, Egypt, purportedly killing a dog. Conservation * May 19 – Parks Canada, the world's first national park service, is established as the Dominion Parks Branch under the Environment Canada, Department of the Interior. * July 7 – The United States, Russia, the United Kingdom and Japan, meeting in Washington, D.C., sign the North Pacific Fur Seal Convention of 1911, prohibiting open-water seal hunting of the endangered fur seal in the North Pacific Ocean, the first international treaty to address wildlife conservation issues. In the next six years, the seal population increases by 30%. Geology * January 3 – 1911 Kebin earthquake: An earthquake of 7.7 Moment magnitude scale, moment magnitude strikes near Almaty in Russian Turkestan. Exploration * July 24 – Americans, American explorer Hiram Bingham II ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acinetobacter
''Acinetobacter'' is a genus of gram-negative bacteria belonging to the wider class of Gammaproteobacteria. ''Acinetobacter'' species are oxidase-negative, exhibit twitching motility, and occur in pairs under magnification. They are important soil organisms, where they contribute to the mineralization of, for example, aromatic compounds. ''Acinetobacter'' species are a key source of infection in debilitated patients in the hospital, in particular the species ''Acinetobacter baumannii''. Description Species of the genus ''Acinetobacter'' are strictly aerobic, nonfermentative, Gram-negative bacilli. They show mostly a coccobacillary morphology on nonselective agar. Rods predominate in fluid media, especially during early growth. The morphology of ''Acinetobacter'' species can be quite variable in Gram-stained human clinical specimens, and cannot be used to differentiate ''Acinetobacter'' from other common causes of infection. Most strains of ''Acinetobacter'', except some o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gram-negative
Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method of bacterial differentiation. They are characterized by their cell envelopes, which are composed of a thin peptidoglycan cell wall sandwiched between an inner cytoplasmic cell membrane and a bacterial outer membrane. Gram-negative bacteria are found in virtually all environments on Earth that support life. The gram-negative bacteria include the model organism ''Escherichia coli'', as well as many pathogenic bacteria, such as ''Pseudomonas aeruginosa'', ''Chlamydia trachomatis'', and ''Yersinia pestis''. They are a significant medical challenge as their outer membrane protects them from many antibiotics (including penicillin), detergents that would normally damage the inner cell membrane, and lysozyme, an antimicrobial enzyme produced by animals that forms part of the innate immune system. Additionally, the outer leaflet of this membrane comprises a complex lipo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coccobacillus
A coccobacillus (plural coccobacilli), or bacilluscocco, is a type of bacterium with a shape intermediate between cocci (spherical bacteria) and bacilli (rod-shaped bacteria). Coccobacilli, then, are very short rods which may be mistaken for cocci. ''Haemophilus influenzae'', ''Gardnerella vaginalis'', and ''Chlamydia trachomatis'' are coccobacilli. ''Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans'' is a Gram-negative coccobacillus prevalent in subgingival plaques. ''Acinetobacter'' strains may grow on solid media as coccobacilli. ''Bordetella pertussis'' is a Gram-negative coccobacillus responsible for causing whooping cough. ''Yersinia pestis'', the bacterium that causes plague, is also coccobacillus. ''Coxiella burnetii'' is also a coccobacillus. Bacteria from the genus ''Brucella'' are medically important coccobacilli that cause brucellosis. ''Haemophilus ducreyi ''Haemophilus ducreyi'' is a fastidious gram-negative coccobacillus bacteria. It causes the sexually transmitted dis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aedes Albopictus
''Aedes albopictus'' (''Stegomyia albopicta''), from the mosquito (Culicidae) family, also known as the (Asian) tiger mosquito or forest mosquito, is a mosquito native to the tropical and subtropical areas of Southeast Asia. In the past few centuries, however, this species has spread to many countries through the transport of goods and international travel. It is characterized by the white bands on its legs and body. This mosquito has become a significant pest in many communities because it closely associates with humans (rather than living in wetlands), and typically flies and feeds in the daytime in addition to at dusk and dawn. The insect is called a tiger mosquito for its striped appearance, which resembles that of the tiger. ''Ae. albopictus'' is an epidemiologically important vector for the transmission of many viral pathogens, including the yellow fever virus, dengue fever, and Chikungunya fever, as well as several filarial nematodes such as ''Dirofilaria immitis''. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phloroglucinol Carboxylic Acid
Phloroglucinol carboxylic acid is a trihydroxybenzoic acid, a type of phenolic acid. It is produced by ''Pseudomonas fluorescens''. It is a catechin degradation product excreted by the bacterium ''Acinetobacter calcoaceticus'', a species of bacteria part of the human body normal flora, grown on catechin as sole source of carbon. It is also found in wine.C. García Barroso, R. Cela Torrijos and J. A. Pérez-Bustamante: ''HPLC separation of benzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids in wines'', Chromatographia ''Chromatographia'' is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Springer Verlag, covering liquid and gas chromatography, as well as electrophoresis and TLC. Impact factor ''Chromatographia'' had a 2020 impact factor The impact fa ..., Volume 17, Number 5, pages 249–252, . References Trihydroxybenzoic acids Phloroglucinols {{aromatic-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catechin
Catechin is a flavan-3-ol, a type of secondary metabolite providing antioxidant roles in plants. It belongs to the subgroup of polyphenols called flavonoids. The name of the catechin chemical family derives from ''catechu'', which is the tannic juice or boiled extract of ''Mimosa catechu'' (''Acacia catechu'' L.f). Chemistry Catechin possesses two benzene ring Benzene is an organic chemical compound with the molecular formula C6H6. The benzene molecule is composed of six carbon atoms joined in a planar ring with one hydrogen atom attached to each. Because it contains only carbon and hydrogen atom ...s (called the A- and B-rings) and a dihydropyran heterocycle (the C-ring) with a hydroxyl group on carbon 3. The A-ring is similar to a resorcinol moiety while the B-ring is similar to a catechol moiety. There are two chirality (chemistry), chiral centers on the molecule on carbons 2 and 3. Therefore, it has four diastereoisomers. Two of the isomers are in trans configura ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
