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Achyuta Shataka
The ''Achyuta Shataka'' () is a Prakrit hymn written by the Hindu philosopher Vedanta Desika. Comprising 100 verses, the ''Achyuta Shataka'' extols Krishna, an avatar of the deity Vishnu. The hymn is composed in the arya metre. It is regarded to have been inspired by the '' Tiruvaymoli'' of Nammalvar. Etymology '' Achyuta'' is an epithet of Krishna and Vishnu, literally meaning, "the infallible one", and '' shataka'' means "hundred", referring to a genre of literature containing one hundred verses. Description Vedanta Desika is regarded to have composed the ''Achyuta Shataka'' when he visited the Devanathaswamy temple Devanathaswamy temple (also called Thiruvanthipuram Kovil) in Thiruvanthipuram, a village in the outskirts of Cuddalore in the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu, is dedicated to the Hindu god Vishnu. Constructed in the Dravidian style of archi ... located at Thiruvanthipuram, Tiruvahindrapuram, addressing it to the deity. He is regarded to employ the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hinduism
Hinduism () is an Indian religion or '' dharma'', a religious and universal order or way of life by which followers abide. As a religion, it is the world's third-largest, with over 1.2–1.35 billion followers, or 15–16% of the global population, known as Hindus. The word ''Hindu'' is an exonym, and while Hinduism has been called the oldest religion in the world, many practitioners refer to their religion as '' Sanātana Dharma'' ( sa, सनातन धर्म, lit='the Eternal Dharma'), a modern usage, which refers to the idea that its origins lie beyond human history, as revealed in the Hindu texts. Another endonym is ''Vaidika dharma'', the dharma related to the Vedas. Hinduism is a diverse system of thought marked by a range of philosophies and shared concepts, rituals, cosmological systems, pilgrimage sites, and shared textual sources that discuss theology, metaphysics, mythology, Vedic yajna, yoga, agamic rituals, and temple building, among other to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Devanathaswamy Temple, Thiruvanthipuram
Devanathaswamy temple (also called Thiruvanthipuram Kovil) in Thiruvanthipuram, a village in the outskirts of Cuddalore in the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu, is dedicated to the Hindu god Vishnu. Constructed in the Dravidian style of architecture, the temple is glorified in the '' Nalayira Divya Prabandham'', the early medieval Tamil canon of the Alvar saints from the 6th–9th centuries CE. It is one of the 108 '' Divya Desams'' dedicated to Vishnu, who is worshipped as Devanathaswamy and his consort Lakshmi as Hemabhujavalli. Though the presiding deity is Devanathaswamy, the temple is known for Hayagriva, the horse-faced avatar of Vishnu, and a god of knowledge. The temple is the only historical temple in South India to have a shrine of Hayagriva on hilltop. The temple in its current form is believed to have been built during the Medieval Cholas, with later expansion from Pandyas, Hoysala Empire and Vijayanagara Empire. The temple has fifty inscriptions from Ku ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prakrit Poetry
The Prakrits (; sa, prākṛta; psu, 𑀧𑀸𑀉𑀤, ; pka, ) are a group of vernacular Middle Indo-Aryan languages that were used in the Indian subcontinent from around the 3rd century BCE to the 8th century CE. The term Prakrit is usually applied to the middle period of Middle Indo-Aryan languages, excluding earlier inscriptions and the later Pali. ''Prākṛta'' literally means "natural", as opposed to '' saṃskṛta'', which literally means "constructed" or "refined". Prakrits were considered the regional spoken (informal) languages of people, and Sanskrit was considered the standardized (formal) language used for literary, official and religious purposes across Indian kingdoms of the subcontinent. Literary registers of Prakrits were also used contemporaneously (predominantly by śramaṇa traditions) alongside Classical Sanskrit of higher social classes. Etymology The dictionary of Monier Monier-Williams (1819–1899), and other modern authors however, interpr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vaishnava Texts
Vaishnavism ( sa, वैष्णवसम्प्रदायः, Vaiṣṇavasampradāyaḥ) is one of the major Hindu denominations along with Shaivism, Shaktism, and Smartism. It is also called Vishnuism since it considers Vishnu as the sole supreme being leading all other Hindu deities, i.e. ''Mahavishnu''. Its followers are called Vaishnavites or ''Vaishnava''s (), and it includes sub-sects like Krishnaism and Ramaism, which consider Krishna and Rama as the supreme beings respectively. According to a 2010 estimate by Johnson and Grim, Vaishnavism is the largest Hindu sect, constituting about 641 million or 67.6% of Hindus. The ancient emergence of Vaishnavism is unclear, and broadly hypothesized as a fusion of various regional non-Vedic religions with Vishnu. A merger of several popular non-Vedic theistic traditions, particularly the Bhagavata cults of Vāsudeva-krishna and ''Gopala-Krishna'', and Narayana, developed in the 7th to 4th century BCE. It was integrated wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prakrit Literature
The Prakrits (; sa, prākṛta; psu, 𑀧𑀸𑀉𑀤, ; pka, ) are a group of vernacular Middle Indo-Aryan languages that were used in the Indian subcontinent from around the 3rd century BCE to the 8th century CE. The term Prakrit is usually applied to the middle period of Middle Indo-Aryan languages, excluding earlier inscriptions and the later Pali. ''Prākṛta'' literally means "natural", as opposed to ''saṃskṛta'', which literally means "constructed" or "refined". Prakrits were considered the regional spoken (informal) languages of people, and Sanskrit was considered the standardized (formal) language used for literary, official and religious purposes across Indian kingdoms of the subcontinent. Literary registers of Prakrits were also used contemporaneously (predominantly by śramaṇa traditions) alongside Classical Sanskrit of higher social classes. Etymology The dictionary of Monier Monier-Williams (1819–1899), and other modern authors however, interpret th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gita Govinda
The ''Gita Govinda'' ( sa, गीत गोविन्दम्; ) is a work composed by the 12th-century Hindu poet, Jayadeva. It describes the relationship between Krishna, Radha and ''gopis'' (female cow herders) of Vrindavan. The ''Gita Govinda'' is organized into twelve chapters. Each chapter is further sub-divided into one or more divisions called ''Prabandha''s, totalling twenty-four in all. The prabandhas contain couplets grouped into eights, called ''Ashtapadis''. It is mentioned that Radha is greater than Krishna. The text also elaborates the eight moods of Heroine, the ''Ashta Nayika'', which has been an inspiration for many compositions and choreographic works in Indian classical dances. Summary The work delineates the love of Krishna for Radha, the milkmaid, his faithlessness and subsequent return to her, and is taken as symbolical of the human soul's straying from its true allegiance but returning at length to the God which created it. Chapters # ''Sāmoda ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madhurāṣṭakam
The Madhurāṣṭakam ( sa, मधुराष्टकम्), also spelt as Madhurashtakam, is a Sanskrit ashtakam in devotion of Krishna, composed by the Hindu Bhakti saint Vallabha. Vallabha was a Telugu Brahmin who propagated Pushtimarg, which emphasizes on the unconditional ''bhakti'' and '' seva'' of Krishna. According to legend, when Krishna himself appeared in front of Vallabha, on the midnight of Shravana Shukla Ekadashi, the philosopher composed the Madhurashtakam in praise of the deity. He created many other literary pieces including the Vyasa Sutra Bhashya, Jaimini Sutra Bhasya, Bhagavata Subodhini Tika, Pushti Pravala Maryada, and Siddhanta Rahasya, in Sanskrit. The devotional hymn "Madhurāṣṭakam" of Vallabha was created to lead the devotee in Pustimarga, the Path of Grace, which involves a constant love-filled devotion to Krishna by various acts of homage, such as singing (''kirtana''), remembering (''smarana''), conceptualising and beholding (''darshana' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mukundamala
Mukundamala () is a Sanskrit Hindu eulogy composed by the Bhakti saint Kulasekhara, (''fl.'' 9th century CENoburu Karashmia (ed.), ''A Concise History of South India: Issues and Interpretations.'' New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2014. 143.) seventh of the twelve Alvars of the Sri Vaishnava tradition.Narayanan, M. G. S. ''Perumāḷs of Kerala.'' Thrissur (Kerala): CosmoBooks, 2013. 65-66, 95-96, 383-5, 436. Scholars identify Kulasekhara as one of the earliest Chera/Kulasekhara rulers of Kodungallur (Mahodaya Pura) in modern-day Kerala.Noburu Karashmia (ed.), ''A Concise History of South India: Issues and Interpretations.'' New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2014. 143.Narayanan, M. G. S. ''Perumāḷs of Kerala.'' Thrissur (Kerala): CosmoBooks, 2013. 65-66, 95-96, 383-5, 436. The hymns of the work ask Mukunda, another name for Krishna, to give the unworthy author freedom from samsara. It describes the misery of the soul trapped in this world and exhorts that Krishna ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sanskrit Drama
The term Indian classical drama refers to the tradition of dramatic literature and performance in ancient India. The roots of drama in the Indian subcontinent can be traced back to the Rigveda (1200-1500 BCE), which contains a number of hymns in the form of dialogues, or even scenes, as well as hymns that make use of other literary forms such as animal fables However, Indian drama begins its classical stage in the 3rd-4th century BCE with the composition of the Nātyaśāstra (''lit. The Science of Drama''). Indian classical drama is regarded as the highest achievement of Sanskrit literature. The Buddhist playwright, poet and philosopher Asvaghosa, who composed the ''Buddhacarita'', is considered to have been one of the first Sanskrit dramatists along with Bhāsa, who likely lived in the 2nd century BCE, and is famous for writing two of the only surviving tragedies in Sanskrit drama. Despite its name, a classical Sanskrit drama uses both Sanskrit and Prakrit languages giving i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thiruvanthipuram
Thiruvaheendrapuram is one of the revenue villages in Cuddalore district of Indian state, Tamil Nadu. Devanathaswamy temple is one of the 108 Divya Desams A Divya Desam or Vaishnava Divya Desam is one of the 108 Vishnu and Lakshmi temples that is mentioned in the Nalayira Divya Prabandham, works of the Alvars, the poet-saints of the Sri Vaishnavism, Sri Vaishnava tradition. Of the 108 temples, 10 .... The presiding deity is Lord Devanatha Perumal and Thayar (Goddess) is Hemambujavalli. This temple is considered to be a viable alternative to Tirupathi for those who can't make it and can make their offerings here, as Lord Devanathaswamy is believed to be the brother of Lord Venkateshwara. Many vaishnavas' family deity is Lord Devanathaswamy. The tonsuring and ear-boring ceremonies for kids in the families stage at the courtyard of Goddess Thayaar ammal. There is also a hill temple dedicated to Lord Hayagriva. Many people reach here to perform Aksharabhyasam (the ceremony con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shataka
A shataka () is a genre of Sanskrit literature. It comprises works that contain one hundred verses. It is also a popular genre of Telugu literature. Etymology The Sanskrit word ''śatakam'' means one hundred. Literature * Dayashataka by Vedanta Desika * Andhra Nayaka Satakam by Kasula Purushottama Kavi *Dasarathi Satakam by Kancherla Gopanna (Ramadasu) *Subhashita Trisati (three sets of hundred) by Bhatruthahari * Vrushadhipa Satakam by Paalkuriki Somanna * Vyaja Ninda by Kasula Purushottama Kavi * Hamsaladeevi Gopala Satakam by Kasula Purushottama Kavi * Manasa bodha Satakam by Kasula Purushottama Kavi * Bhakta Kalpadruma Satakam by Kasula Purushottama Kavi * Sumathi Satakam Sumati Shatakam (Telugu: సుమతీ శతకము) is one of the most famous Telugu Shatakam. It is a neeti (moral) Shatakam. Sataka Karta (Sataka Creator) Sumati Satakam is composed of more than a 100 poems (padyalu). According to man ... by Baddena Bhupaludu References San ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vedanta Desika
Vedanta Desikan (1268–1369), also rendered Vedanta Desikar, Swami Vedanta Desikan, and Thoopul Nigamaantha Desikan, was an Indian polymath who wrote philosophical as well as religious and poetical works in several languages, including Sanskrit, Manipravaḷam (a Sanskritised form of literary Tamil), Tamil and Prakrit. He was an Indian philosopher, Sri Vaishnava guru, and one of the most brilliant stalwarts of Sri Vaishnavism in the post-Ramanuja period. He was a Hindu devotee, poet, Master of Acharyas (''desikan'') and a logician and mathematician. He was the disciple of Kidambi Appullar, also known as Athreya Ramanujachariar, who himself was of a master-disciple lineage that began with Ramanuja. Vedanta Desikan is considered to be avatar (incarnation) of the divine bell of Venkateshvara of Tirumala by the Vadakalai sect of Sri Vaishnavism. Vedanta Desikan belongs to Vishwamitra/Kaushika gotra. On the occasion of 750th anniversary of the life of Vedanta Desikan, the I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
