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Achmet (oneiromancer)
Achmet, son of Seirim ( grc, Αχμέτ υιός Σειρείμ), the author of a work on the interpretation of dreams, the '' Oneirocriticon of Achmet'', is probably not the same person as Abu Bekr Mohammed Ben Sirin, whose work on the same subject is still extant in Arabic in the Royal Library at Paris, and who was born AH 33 (AD 653-4) and died AH 110 (AD 728-9). The two names Ahmed or Achimet and Mohammed consist in Arabic of four letters each, and differ only in the first. There are many differences between Achmet's work, in the form in which we have it, and that of Ibn Sirin, as the writer of the former (or the translator) appears from internal evidence to have been certainly a Christian, (c. 2, 150, &c.) It exists only in Greek, or rather it has only been published in that language. It consists of three hundred and four chapters, and professes to be derived from what has been written on the same subject by the Indians, Persians, and Egyptians. It was translated out of Gre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oneirocriticon Of Achmet
''Oneirocritica'' ( el, Ονειροκριτικά) (''The Interpretation of Dreams'') is an ancient Greek treatise on dream interpretation written by Artemidorus in the 2nd century AD,"Artemidorus Daldianus" in ''The New Encyclopædia Britannica''. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 15th edn., 1992, Vol. 1, p. 599. and is the first extant Greek work on the subject, in five books. The first three volumes were intended for the general public, providing an encyclopedic treatment of the subject matter of dreams, and the remaining two volumes were written for the private use of the author's son, a novice dream interpreter. Artemidorus inscribed the book "Artemidorus of Daldis", despite having been born in Ephesus, to commemorate the little-known birthplace of his mother in Lydia (3.66). Artemidorus suggests that dreams are unique to the individual, and that a person's waking life will affect the symbols in his dreams. He shows awareness of the dreaming mind's capacity to use m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Artemidorus
Artemidorus Daldianus ( grc-gre, Ἀρτεμίδωρος ὁ Δαλδιανός) or Ephesius was a professional diviner who lived in the 2nd century AD. He is known from an extant five-volume Greek work, the '' Oneirocritica'' or ''Oneirokritikon'' ( en, The Interpretation of Dreams)."Artemidorus Daldianus" in ''The New Encyclopædia Britannica''. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 15th edn., 1992, Vol. 1, p. 599. Life and work Artemidorus was surnamed ''Ephesius'', from Ephesus, on the west coast of Asia Minor, but was also called ''Daldianus,'' from his mother's native city, Daldis in Lydia. He lived in the 2nd century AD. According to Artemidorus, the material for his work was gathered during lengthy travels through Greece, Italy and Asia, from diviners of high and low station. Another major source were the writings of Artemidorus' predecessors, sixteen of whom he cites by name. It is clear he built on a rich written tradition, now otherwise lost. Artemidorus' method is, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Divination
Divination (from Latin ''divinare'', 'to foresee, to foretell, to predict, to prophesy') is the attempt to gain insight into a question or situation by way of an occultic, standardized process or ritual. Used in various forms throughout history, diviners ascertain their interpretations of how a querent should proceed by reading signs, events, or omens, or through alleged contact or interaction with a supernatural agency. Divination can be seen as a systematic method with which to organize what appears to be disjointed, random facets of existence such that they provide insight into a problem at hand. If a distinction is to be made between divination and fortune-telling, divination has a more formal or ritualistic element and often contains a more social character, usually in a religious context, as seen in traditional African medicine. Fortune-telling, on the other hand, is a more everyday practice for personal purposes. Particular divination methods vary by culture and reli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eunuch
A eunuch ( ) is a male who has been castrated. Throughout history, castration often served a specific social function. The earliest records for intentional castration to produce eunuchs are from the Sumerian city of Lagash in the 2nd millennium BCE. Over the millennia since, they have performed a wide variety of functions in many different cultures: courtiers or equivalent domestics, for espionage or clandestine operations, castrato singers, concubines, or sexual partners, religious specialists, soldiers, royal guards, government officials, and guardians of women or harem servants. Eunuchs would usually be servants or slaves who had been castrated to make them less threatening servants of a royal court where physical access to the ruler could wield great influence. Seemingly lowly domestic functions—such as making the ruler's bed, bathing him, cutting his hair, carrying him in his litter, or even relaying messages—could, in theory, give a eunuch "the ruler's ear" and impa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jacobus De Rhoer
A Jacobus is an English gold coin of the reign of James I, worth 25 shillings. The name of the coin comes from the Latin inscription surrounding the King's head on the obverse of the coin, IACOBUS D G MAG BRIT FRA ET HI REX ("James, by the grace of God, of Britain, France and Ireland King"). Isaac Newton refers to the coin in a letter to John Locke: '' The Jacobus piece coin'd for 20 shillings is the : part of a pound Troy, and a Carolus 20s piece is of the same weight. But a broad Jacobus (as I find by weighing some of them) is the 38th part of a pound Troy.'' dated September 19, 1698, to , concerning the weight and fineness of various coins. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oneirocritica
''Oneirocritica'' ( el, Ονειροκριτικά) (''The Interpretation of Dreams'') is an ancient Greek treatise on dream interpretation written by Artemidorus in the 2nd century AD,"Artemidorus Daldianus" in ''The New Encyclopædia Britannica''. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 15th edn., 1992, Vol. 1, p. 599. and is the first extant Greek work on the subject, in five books. The first three volumes were intended for the general public, providing an encyclopedic treatment of the subject matter of dreams, and the remaining two volumes were written for the private use of the author's son, a novice dream interpreter. Artemidorus inscribed the book "Artemidorus of Daldis", despite having been born in Ephesus, to commemorate the little-known birthplace of his mother in Lydia (3.66). Artemidorus suggests that dreams are unique to the individual, and that a person's waking life will affect the symbols in his dreams. He shows awareness of the dreaming mind's capacity to use meta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rigaltius
Nicolas Rigault (Rigaltius; 1577-1654) was a French classical scholar. Born at Paris, he was educated by the Jesuits. He was successively councillor of the parlement of Metz, procurator general at Nancy, and intendant of the province of Toul. He prepared annotated editions of Phaedrus, Martial, Juvenal, Tertullian, Minucius Felix, Saint Cyprian, and also some mixed collections: ''Rei accipitrariæ scriptores'', 1612; ''Rei agrariae scriptores,'' 1613. He acted as librarian to Louis XIII. He used a pseudonym A pseudonym (; ) or alias () is a fictitious name that a person or group assumes for a particular purpose, which differs from their original or true name (orthonym). This also differs from a new name that entirely or legally replaces an individua ... J. B. Aeduus. Selected works * 1596 : — «''Asini aurei asinus, sive De scaturigine onocrenes''» (1596; экземпляр парижской национальной библиотеки считается uniсum) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ja'far Ibn Muhammad Abu Ma'shar Al-Balkhi
Abu Ma'shar al-Balkhi, Latinized as Albumasar (also ''Albusar'', ''Albuxar''; full name ''Abū Maʿshar Jaʿfar ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿUmar al-Balkhī'' ; , AH 171–272), was an early Persian Muslim astrologer, thought to be the greatest astrologer of the Abbasid court in Baghdad. While he was not a major innovator, his practical manuals for training astrologers profoundly influenced Muslim intellectual history and, through translations, that of western Europe and Byzantium. Life Abu Ma'shar was a native of Balkh in Khurasan, one of the main bases of support of the Abbasid revolt in the early 8th century. Its population, as was generally the case in the frontier areas of the Arab conquest of Persia, remained culturally dedicated to its Sassanian and Hellenistic heritage. He probably came to Baghdad in the early years of the caliphate of al-Maʾmūn (r. 813–833). According to An-Nadim's ''Al-Fihrist'' (10th century), he lived on the West Side of Baghdad, near ''Bab Khura ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leunclavius
Johannes LeunclaviusOther name variants: Hans Lewenklaw, Löwenklau, Joannes Leunclavius, John Leunclavius (c. 1533/1541 – 1594) was a German historian and orientalist. He was an expert in Turkish history, republishing and annotating Ottoman sources. He also edited Xenophon, Cassius Dio, and other classical authors. He also published ''Historiae Musulmanae Turcorum, de monumentis ipsorum exscriptae, libri XVIII.'' Leunclavius accompanied the nobleman Heinrich von Lichtenstein on a diplomatic mission to Istanbul, staying there from October 1584 to April 1585. He was a friend of Friedrich Sylburg, who published his translation of Zosimus Zosimus, Zosimos, Zosima or Zosimas may refer to: People * * Rufus and Zosimus (died 107), Christian saints * Zosimus (martyr) (died 110), Christian martyr who was executed in Umbria, Italy * Zosimos of Panopolis, also known as ''Zosimus Alchem .... References Further reading *Horawitz A. H. Leunclavius Johannes // Allgemeine deutsche Bio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marie-Thérèse D'Alverny
Marie-Thérèse d'Alverny (25 January 1903 – 26 April 1991) was a French librarian and historian. Biography After studies at the École nationale des chartes and the École pratique des hautes études, d'Alverny joined the staff of the Bibliothèque nationale de France in 1947. From 1957 she taught at the Centre d'études supérieures de civilisation médiévale in Poitiers. In 1962 she was appointed to the Centre national de la recherche scientifique. She was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1974 and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1976. In 1989, she received an honorary doctorate from the Jagiellonian University. For additional honours, d'Alverny joined the International Academy of the History of Science in 1960 before becoming a full member in 1965. In 1966, d'Alverny was named a Corresponding Fellow of the British Academy Fellowship of the British Academy (FBA) is an award granted by the British Academy to leading academics for their dis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pascalis Romanus
Pascalis Romanus (or Paschal the Roman) was a 12th-century priest, medical expert, and dream theorist, noted especially for his Latin translations of Greek texts on theology, oneirocritics, and related subjects. An Italian working in Constantinople, he served as a Latin interpreter for Emperor Manuel I Komnenos. Oneirocriticism Pascalis compiled the ''Liber thesauri occulti'', a Latin book on dream interpretation, in 1165 but appears not to have completed it himself. The second book and the first part of the third were translated or adapted from the ''Oneirocriticon'' of Achmet and the classical treatise of Artemidoros. His are the earliest known Latin translations of excerpts from Artemidoros. In the first part of the work, Pascalis also draws on Aristotle, quoting from what he refers to as the '' liber de naturis animalium''. Pascalis works within the dream classification system of Macrobius: *''somnium'', a dream requiring interpretation *''visio'', a vision that comes true *'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abu Bekr Mohammed Ben Sirin
Muhammad Ibn Sirin ( ar, محمد بن سيرين) (born in Basra) was a Muslim tabi' who lived in the 8th century CE. He was a contemporary of Anas ibn Malik. He is claimed by some to have been an interpreter of dreams, though others regard the books to have been falsely attributed to him. Once regarded as the same person as Achmet son of Seirim, this is no longer believed to be true, as shown by Maria Mavroudi.Maria Mavroudi, ''A Byzantine Book on Dream Interpretation: the ''Oneirocriticon'' of Achmet and its Arabic Sources'', (Leiden, Boston, and Köln: Brill, 2002). Biography According to Yehia Gouda's reference book on Muslim oneiromancy ''Dreams and Their Meanings'' (, published in 1991), Abu Bakr Muhammad Ibn Sirin Al-Ansari (33-110 AH; 653–728), was born in Basra, as mentioned, in 653, i.e., the 33rd year after Muhammad's leaving from Makkah to the then Medina. His birth came two years before the end of the rule of Caliph Uthman ibn Affan. Muhammad's father (the na ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
