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Achaean Phthiotis
Achaea Phthiotis ( grc, Ἀχαΐα Φθιῶτις, "Achaea of Phthia") or simply Phthiotis (Φθιῶτις) was a historical region of ancient Thessaly in ancient Greece. It lay in southeastern Thessaly, between Mount Othrys and the northern shore of the Pagasetic Gulf. Inhabited by ''perioikoi'', it was originally formally not a part of Thessaly proper but a Thessalian dependency, and had a seat of its own in the Delphic Amphictyony. From 363 BC it came under Boeotian control, but split away during the Lamian War. In the 3rd century BC it became a member of the Aetolian League, until declared free and autonomous by the Roman Republic in 196 BC, following the Second Macedonian War, and re-incorporated into Thessaly. Phthiotis was inhabited by the Achaean Phthiotae (Ἀχαιοὶ Φθιῶται), under which name they are usually mentioned as members of the Amphictyonic League. This district, according to Strabo, included the southern part of Thessaly, extending from the Malia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ancient Regions Central Greece
Ancient history is a time period from the beginning of writing and recorded human history to as far as late antiquity. The span of recorded history is roughly 5,000 years, beginning with the Sumerian cuneiform script. Ancient history covers all continents inhabited by humans in the period 3000 BCAD 500. The three-age system periodizes ancient history into the Stone Age, the Bronze Age, and the Iron Age, with recorded history generally considered to begin with the Bronze Age. The start and end of the three ages varies between world regions. In many regions the Bronze Age is generally considered to begin a few centuries prior to 3000 BC, while the end of the Iron Age varies from the early first millennium BC in some regions to the late first millennium AD in others. During the time period of ancient history, the world population was already exponentially increasing due to the Neolithic Revolution, which was in full progress. While in 10,000 BC, the world population stood at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dolopia
Dolopia ( grc, Δολοπία) is a mountainous region of Greece, located north of Aetolia. Geography Dolopia was located between Epirus and Thessaly, eventually absorbed into the latter. It was a mountainous district in the southwestern corner of Thessaly, lying between Mount Tymphrestus, a branch of Pindus, on the one side, and Mount Othrys on the other. The Dolopes were, like the Magnetes, an ancient Hellenic people, and members of the Amphictyonic League. They are mentioned by Homer as included in Phthia, but were governed by a subordinate chieftain of their own. Though nominally belonging to Thessaly, they seem practically to have been independent: and their country was at a later period a constant subject of contention between the Aetolians and the kings of Macedonia. The only place in Dolopia of the slightest importance was Ctimene. Other of their cities were, Angeia and Dolopeis, close to lake Xynius. Mythology and history The Dolopes ( el, Δόλοπες) were consi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antron
Antron ( grc, Ἀντρών) or Antrones (Ἀντρῶνες) Demosthenes ''Phil.'' iv. p. 133, Reiske. was a town and polis (city-state) of ancient Thessaly in the district Achaea Phthiotis, at the entrance of the Maliac Gulf, and opposite Oreus in Euboea. It is mentioned in the Catalogue of Ships in the Iliad as one of the cities of Protesilaus, and also in the Homeric hymn to Demeter In ancient Greek religion and mythology, Demeter (; Attic: ''Dēmḗtēr'' ; Doric: ''Dāmā́tēr'') is the Olympian goddess of the harvest and agriculture, presiding over crops, grains, food, and the fertility of the earth. Although s ... as under the protection of that goddess. It was purchased by Philip II of Macedon, and was taken by the Romans in their war with Perseus of Macedon. It probably owed its long existence to the composition of its rocks, which furnished some of the best millstones in Greece; hence the epithet of πετρήεις ("maritime") given to it in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pteleum
Pteleum or Pteleon ( grc, Πτελεόν), also Pteleos (Πτελεός), was a town of ancient Thessaly, on the south-western side of Phthiotis, and near the entrance of the Sinus Pagasaeus. It stood between Antron and Halos, and was distant from the latter 110 stadia, according to Artemidorus. It is mentioned by Homer in the Catalogue of Ships in the '' Iliad'' as governed by Protesilaus, to whom the neighbouring town of Antron also belonged. In 200 BCE, during the Second Macedonian War, while the Romans and the forces of Attalus I besieged Oreus (on Euboea), Pteleum was attacked by part of Attalus' army. In 192 BCE, Antiochus III landed at Pteleum in order to carry on the war against the Romans in Greece. In 171 BCE, the town, having been deserted by its inhabitants, was destroyed by the consul Licinius. It seems never to have recovered from this destruction, as Pliny the Elder, writing in the first century, speaks of Pteleum only as a forest. Str ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Halos (Thessaly)
Halos ( grc-gre, Ἅλος), Latinised as Halus, was a town and polis in the region of Achaea Phthiotis in ancient Thessaly, on the west side of the Pagasetic Gulf. Location It is located 10 km south from present-day Almyros. In Greek mythology Halos and Orchomenus are variously recorded as starting point of Phrixos' and Helle's flight to Colchis. The classical city, sometimes referred to as Old Halos, is located at Chorostasi, located at while the Hellenistic city, sometimes referred to as New Halos, is located nearby at Neos Platanos, located at . History The Hellenistic city lies very close to the surface and is greatly disturbed, but several houses have been excavated by Dutch archaeologists. Greek colleagues have investigated a part of the city walls. This city was abandoned in the mid-third century, perhaps after an earthquake. A Byzantine fort is the last building phase from Antiquity. The town is mentioned in Homer's Catalogue of Ships in the ''Iliad.'' Acc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iton (Thessaly)
Iton ( grc, Ἴτων) or Itonus or Itonos (Ἴτωνος) was a town of Phthiotis in ancient Thessaly, mentioned by Homer in the Catalogue of Ships in the ''Iliad'' and called by him "mother of flocks." The town was situated 60 stadia from Alus, upon the river Cuarius or Coralius, and above the Crocian plain. In Greek mythology it was the city where, according to Pseudo-Apollodorus, the battle took place between Heracles and Cycbys. Iton had a celebrated temple of Athena, whose worship, under the name of the Itonian Athena, was carried by the Boeotians, when they were expelled from Thessaly, into the country named after them. Iton's location is tentatively placed at the hill named Magoula Zirilia (or Zerelia) within the community of Platanos (Πλάτανος) in the municipality of Almyros Almyros or Halmyros ( el, Αλμυρός, , , ) is a town and a municipality of the regional unit of Magnesia, region of Thessaly, Greece. It lies in the center of prosperous fertile ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phylace (Thessaly)
Phylace or Phylake ( grc, Φυλάκη, fyˈlaˌkɛː, was a town and polis (city-state) of Phthiotis in ancient Thessaly. According to Greek mythology, this city was founded by Phylacus. In Ancient Greece, Phylace was a kingdom. Homer writes that this was one of the places subject to Protesilaus, who was the first Greek hero killed in the Trojan War, and the place is frequently mentioned in the Homeric poems. It contained a temple of Protesilaus. Pliny erroneously calls it a town of Magnesia. Strabo Strabo''Strabo'' (meaning "squinty", as in strabismus) was a term employed by the Romans for anyone whose eyes were distorted or deformed. The father of Pompey was called "Pompeius Strabo". A native of Sicily so clear-sighted that he could see ... describes it as standing between Pharsalus and Phthiotic Thebes, at the distance of about 100 stadia from the latter. The site of ancient Phylace has traditionally been identified with a low hill at Kitiki (renamed Filak ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eretria (Thessaly)
Eretria ( grc, Ἐρέτρια) was a town of ancient Thessaly, in the district Phthiotis, near Pharsalus. It was devastated by Philip V of Macedon during the Second Macedonian War in 198 BCE, and was where the Roman army under Titus Quinctius Flamininus camped at the end of the first day's march from Pherae towards Scotussa, in 197 BCE. The location of Eretria is at a site just southwest of a place now called to reflect the ancient name, formerly Tsangli. William Martin Leake visited the site in the 19th century and found the ruined walls of an ancient city. "A long and narrow table-summit formed the citadel, of which the lower courses of the walls still exist in their whole circuit. The town walls are still better preserved, and are extant in some parts on the eastern side to the height of 18 or 20 feet to 7 m Here also are two door-ways still perfect." Leake, ''Northern Greece'', vol. iv. p. 466. References Populated places in ancient Thessaly Form ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phthiotic Thebes
Phthiotic Thebes ( grc, Θῆβαι Φθιώτιδες, Thebai Phthiotides or Φθιώτιδες Θήβες or Φθιώτιδος Θήβες; la, Thebae Phthiae) or Thessalian Thebes (Θῆβαι Θεσσαλικαἰ, ''Thebai Thessalikai'') was a city and polis in ancient Thessaly, Greece; its site north of the modern village of Mikrothivai. History The city was located in the northeastern corner of the district of Phthiotis at the northern end of the ancient Krokian Plain, to the north of the Pagasetic Gulf, at the distance of 300 stadia from Larissa. Evidence of human habitation on the site dates back to the Stone Age, but the city is not mentioned by name until the 4th century BCE. Strabo placed it at 20 stadia distant from Pyrasus and near Phylace. Its territory was bounded on the north by Pherae, on the northeast by Amphanae, on the east by Pyrasus, on the south by Halos, southwest with Peuma, and west with Eretria and Pharsalus. There was a sanctuary of Athena in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pagasaean Gulf
The Pagasetic Gulf ( el, Παγασητικός κόλπος, Pagasitikós kólpos) is a rounded gulf (max. depth 102 metres) in the Magnesia regional unit (east central Greece) that is formed by the Mount Pelion peninsula. It is connected with the Euboic Sea. The passage into the Euboic Sea is narrow and is about 4 km. Its main port is Volos. Mythology and history The gulf is named after its historic major port, Pagasae, from which mythology says that Jason built his ship the ''Argo'' and from which he sailed on his adventurous voyage. The gulf's name in Latin was ''Pagasaeus Sinus''. Places within the gulf In clockwise order: * Amaliapolis, W, port * Alos, W, no port *Almyros, W, no port * Nea Anchialos, NW, beach, port, * Pagasae, NW, no port * Demetrias, NW, no port * Iolkos, NW, no port * Volos, N, main port *Agria Agria ( el, Αγριά) is a town and a former municipality in Magnesia, Thessaly, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amphanae
Amphanae or Amphanai ( grc, Ἀμφαναί, Ἀμφαναία or Ἀμφαναῖον) was the southernmost city on the east coast of the district of Pelasgiotis, Ancient Thessaly, near the border between the Pelasgiotis and Achaea Phthiotis forming promontory ''Pyrrha''. Its location is doubtful, and several locations have been proposed, including Soros in the municipality of Volos, Damari, Paleo Alikes in the municipality of Volos, and the ''palaiokastro'' (old fort) of Sesklou. The identification with Soros is accepted by the editors of the Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft, and tentatively accepted by the editors of the Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World. However, the most recent excavations seem to indicate that Soros is more likely to be identified with Pagasas. Referencing Hecataeus of Miletus, Stephanus of Byzantium Stephanus or Stephan of Byzantium ( la, Stephanus Byzantinus; grc-gre, Στέφανος Βυζάντιος, ''Stéph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Homer
Homer (; grc, Ὅμηρος , ''Hómēros'') (born ) was a Greek poet who is credited as the author of the ''Iliad'' and the ''Odyssey'', two epic poems that are foundational works of ancient Greek literature. Homer is considered one of the most revered and influential authors in history. Homer's ''Iliad'' centers on a quarrel between King Agamemnon and the warrior Achilles during the last year of the Trojan War. The ''Odyssey'' chronicles the ten-year journey of Odysseus, king of Ithaca, back to his home after the fall of Troy. The poems are in Homeric Greek, also known as Epic Greek, a literary language which shows a mixture of features of the Ionic and Aeolic dialects from different centuries; the predominant influence is Eastern Ionic. Most researchers believe that the poems were originally transmitted orally. Homer's epic poems shaped aspects of ancient Greek culture and education, fostering ideals of heroism, glory, and honor. To Plato, Homer was simply the one who ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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