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Accademia Degli Apatisti
The Accademia degli Apatisti was a scholarly society founded in Florence in 1632 and associated with the Studio Fiorentino. Together with the Accademia degli Umidi and the Accademia della Crusca it was one of Florence’s dominant literary academies of the XVII century. History The academy was founded by Agostino Coltellini and Benedetto Fioretti under the patronage of Cosimo III de' Medici. The academy had grown out of meetings held by Coltellini and his young companions in his lodgings in the Via dell'Oriuolo, during and immediately after the plague of 1630-1, for the purpose of mutual assistance and encouragement in their studies. By the year 1638, the Academy had been fully established. Their name derives from the Greek term ἀπάθεια, impassibility, describing the rational, emotionally detached attitude towards life upheld by the Academy members. The Apatisti adopted the sun for their emblem. Their motto was ''"Oltre i confini ancor del mondo nostro"'' ('Beyond the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Latin Literature
Latin literature includes the essays, histories, poems, plays, and other writings written in the Latin language. The beginning of formal Latin literature dates to 240 BC, when the first stage play in Latin was performed in Rome. Latin literature would flourish for the next six centuries. The classical era of Latin literature can be roughly divided into the following periods: Early Latin literature, The Golden Age, The Imperial Period and Late Antiquity. Latin was the language of the ancient Romans, but it was also the ''lingua franca'' of Western and Central Europe throughout the Middle Ages, so Latin literature includes not only Roman authors like Cicero, Virgil, Ovid and Horace, but also includes European writers after the fall of the Empire, from religious writers like Aquinas (1225–1274), to secular writers like Francis Bacon (1561–1626), Baruch Spinoza (1632–1677), and Isaac Newton (1642–1727). History Early Latin literature Although literature in Latin fol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudonym
A pseudonym (; ) or alias () is a fictitious name that a person or group assumes for a particular purpose, which differs from their original or true name (orthonym). This also differs from a new name that entirely or legally replaces an individual's own. Many pseudonym holders use pseudonyms because they wish to remain anonymous, but anonymity is difficult to achieve and often fraught with legal issues. Scope Pseudonyms include stage names, user names, ring names, pen names, aliases, superhero or villain identities and code names, gamer identifications, and regnal names of emperors, popes, and other monarchs. In some cases, it may also include nicknames. Historically, they have sometimes taken the form of anagrams, Graecisms, and Latinisations. Pseudonyms should not be confused with new names that replace old ones and become the individual's full-time name. Pseudonyms are "part-time" names, used only in certain contexts – to provide a more clear-cut separation between o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicolaas Heinsius The Elder
Nicolaas Heinsius the Elder ( la, Nicolaus Heinsius; 20 July 1620 – 7 October 1681) was a Dutch classical scholar, poet and diplomat. He travelled all over Europe to visit the major libraries and over time collected Europe's largest private library in the field of classical literature. He is regarded as a brilliant text critic in his critical publications of Claudian, Ovid (his most important work), Vergil, Prudentius, Velleius and Valerius Flaccus. Life Heinsius was born in Leiden, the Netherlands as the son of Daniel Heinsius, one of the most famous scholars of the Dutch Renaissance. His boyish Latin poem ''Breda expugnata'' was printed in 1637, and attracted much attention. In 1642 he began his wanderings with a visit to England in search of manuscripts of the classics but met with little courtesy from the English scholars. In ill health, he went to Spa in 1644 to seek a cure by drinking the local mineral water. His health restored, he set out once more in search o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giovanni Battista Fagiuoli
Giovanni Battista Fagiuoli (24 June 1660 – 1742) was an Italian poet and dramatists, noted for his light and humorous works. Biography He was born in Florence. He was known as a comic and sarcastic wit in the Medici court and salons of the 18th century. He was said to be favored by the last of the Medici rulers as a low-brow, sometimes coarse, foil to the highly erudite scholars of Florence, or by some seen as a fitting "highlight" of a corrupt and He is said to have worked in the tradition of Francesco Berni Francesco Berni Francesco Berni (1497/98 – 26 May 1535) was an Italian poet. He is credited for beginning what is now known as " Bernesque poetry", a serio-comedic type of poetry with elements of satire. Biography Life Berni was born 1497 o ... (1497/1535). In a short prefix and biography to a collection of ''Motte, Facezie, e Burle dei celebre buffone di Corte'' (''Witticisms, Jokes and Pranks of the Celebrated Court Jester'', printed in 1891, It describes Fagiuoli' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stefano Della Bella
Stefano della Bella (17 May 1610 – 12 July 1664) was an Italian draughtsman and printmaker known for etchings of a great variety of subjects, including military and court scenes, landscapes, and lively genre scenes. He left 1052 prints, and several thousand drawings, but only one known painting. He was born and died in Florence, Italy. Early life in Florence Della Bella was born at Florence to a family of artists, and was apprenticed to a goldsmith,Chishholm 1911. but became an engraver working briefly under Orazio Vanni and then Cesare Dandini.Massar 1996. He studied etching under Remigio Cantagallina, who had also been the instructor of Jacques Callot.Massar 1968, p. 160. Della Bella's early prints are very similar to those of Callot. When he was seventeen years of age, he presented an etching depicting a banquet in the Palazzo Pitti to the young Giancarlo de' Medici following which della Bella would receive official commissions by the Medici family. In 1630, at the age of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ferdinando II De' Medici
Ferdinando II de' Medici (14 July 1610 – 23 May 1670) was Grand Duchy of Tuscany, grand duke of Tuscany from 1621 to 1670. He was the eldest son of Cosimo II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, Cosimo II de' Medici and Archduchess Maria Maddalena of Austria, Maria Maddalena of Austria. He was remembered by his contemporaries as a man of culture and science, actively participating in the Accademia del Cimento, the first scientific society in Italy, formed by his younger brother, Leopoldo de' Medici. His 49-year rule was punctuated by the beginning of Tuscany's long economic decline, which was further exacerbated by his successor, Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, Cosimo III de' Medici. He married Vittoria della Rovere, a first cousin, with whom he had two children who reached adulthood: the aforementioned Cosimo III, and Francesco Maria de' Medici, Duke of Rovere and Montefeltro, a Cardinal (Catholicism), cardinal. Reign Ferdinando was only 10 years of age when hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carlo Roberto Dati
Carlo Roberto Dati (2 October 1619 – 1676) was a Florentine nobleman, philologist and scientist, a disciple of Galileo (1564-1642) and, in his youth, an acquaintance of Evangelista Torricelli (1608-1647). Biography Dati was born in Florence. He was first educated under Pietro Vettorio the Younger, but then learned classical languages from Giovanni Battista Doni. He befriended Lorenzo Magalotti (1637-1712) and Francesco Redi (1626-1697). Redi dedicated his ''Esperienze intorno alla generazione degl'insetti'' xperiments on the generation of insects(Florence, 1668) to Dati. A founder of the Accademia del Cimento, Dati participated assiduously in its meetings. He was admitted as a member of the Accademia della Crusca at the age of 21 year in 1640. He became Secretary for that society in 1647, and initiated the work that led to the third edition of the ''Vocabolario'' (1691) and wrote the ''Discorso dell'obbligo di ben parlare la propria lingua'' (1657), in which he staunchly cla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean Chapelain
Jean Chapelain (4 December 1595 – 22 February 1674) was a French poet and critic during the Grand Siècle, best known for his role as an organizer and founding member of the Académie française. Chapelain acquired considerable prestige as a literary critic, but his own major work, an epic poem about Joan of Arc called "La Pucelle," (1656) was lampooned by his contemporary Nicolas Boileau-Despréaux. Background Chapelain was born in Paris. His father wanted him to become a notary, but his mother, who had known Pierre de Ronsard, had decided otherwise. Early education At an early age Chapelain began to qualify himself for literature, learning, under Nicolas Bourbon, Greek and Latin, and teaching himself Italian and Spanish. Tutor Having finished his studies, Chapelain taught Spanish to a young nobleman for a short time, before being appointed tutor to the two sons of Sébastien Le Hardy, lord of la Trousse, ''grand-prévôt de France'', Gouye de Longuemarre, ""Eclaircissemen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Angelico Aprosio
Angelico Aprosio (29 October 1607 – 23 February 1681) was an Italian Augustine monk, scholar, and bibliophile. Biography He entered the Augustinian order on March 19, 1623, while still but 15 years of age, changing his baptismal name of Ludovico to Angelico. In 1639 he was appointed professor of belles-lettres, at the convent of St. Stephen in Venice, and subsequently Vicar general of Santa Maria della Consolazione. He acquired a high reputation by his numerous works on literary criticism and other subjects, among which are a moral essay against the luxury and extravagance of women, entitled "The Shield of Rinaldo," ("Lo Scudo di Rinaldo," 1642,) and "La Grillaia" (1673), a miscellany of literary and antiquarian researches. In his critical writings he defended Giambattista Marino against Tommaso Stigliani, but he also opposed Arcangela Tarabotti in the debate over the oppression of women. Today Aprosio is best remembered for his "La Biblioteca Aprosiana," (1673) one ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giovanni Pietro Francesco Agius De Soldanis
Canon Giovanni Pietro Francesco Agius de Soldanis ( mt, Ġan Piet Franġisk Agius de Soldanis, 30 October 1712 – 30 January 1770), often called de Soldanis ( mt, Sultana), was a Maltese linguist, historian and cleric from the island of Gozo. He wrote the first lexicon and systematic grammar of the Maltese language, and he was the first librarian of the ''Bibliotheca Publica'', the precursor of the National Library of Malta. Life De Soldanis was born on 1 November 1712 in Rabat, Gozo, to Andrea agius and Valenzia Sultana. He was baptised in the Parish Church of St. George the following day. He was born ''Giovanni Pietro Francesco Agius'', but he later added ''de Soldanis'' to his name, a Latinized version of his mother's surname Sultana, and he is now commonly known by that name. De Soldanis was privately educated by a Capuchin friar at the convent of Our Lady of Graces. He later studied literature, philosophy, theology and law at the Collegium Melitense in Valletta. De ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alessandro Adimari
Alessandro Adimari (; 1579 – 1649) was an Italian Baroque poet and classical scholar. Biography Alessandro Adimari was born of a noble Florentine family in 1579. He held minor government offices and was a member of the Accademia degli Alterati, the Accademia degli Incogniti and the Accademia dei Lincei. In 1633 he was appointed secretary of the Accademia Fiorentina. In 1631 he published a free translation of Pindar in Italian verse, with notes and illustrations, ''Le Odi di Pindaro tradotte in parafrasi e in rima Toscana e dichiarate con osservazione e confronti di alcuni luoghi imitati e tocchi da Orazio''. Adimari, who dedicated his work to Cardinal Francesco Barberini, says that he spent sixteen years about it. He inserted synoptical sketches for the purpose of explaining the plan and order of the Greek poet in his odes. Pierre-Louis Ginguené, in the ''Biographie Universelle'', art. ''Adimari'', falsely charges him with having borrowed them from Erasmus Schmidt's Latin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor
, house =Habsburg-Lorraine , father = Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor , mother = Maria Theresa of Hungary and Bohemia , religion =Roman Catholicism , succession1 =Grand Duke of Tuscany , reign1 =18 August 1765 – 22 July 1790 , predecessor1 = Francis Stephen , successor1 = Ferdinand III , date of burial = , place of burial =Imperial Crypt , signature =Signatur Leopold II. (HRR).PNG Leopold II (Peter Leopold Josef Anton Joachim Pius Gotthard; 5 May 1747 – 1 March 1792) was Holy Roman Emperor, King of Hungary and Bohemia, and Archduke of Austria from 1790 to 1792, and Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1765 to 1790. He was a son of Empress Maria Theresa and her husband, Emperor Francis I, and the brother of Marie Antoinette, Queen of France, Maria Carolina, Queen of Naples, Maria Amalia, Duchess of Parma, and Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor. Leopold was a moderate proponent of enlightened absolutism. He granted the Academ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
