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Abstract Document Pattern
An object-oriented structural design pattern for organizing objects in loosely typed key-value stores and exposing the data using typed views. The purpose of the pattern is to achieve a high degree of flexibility between components in a strongly typed language where new properties can be added to the object-tree on the fly, without losing the support of type-safety. The pattern makes use of traits to separate different properties of a class into different interfaces. The term "document" is inspired from document-oriented databases. Definition A document is an object that contains a number of properties. A property can for an example be a value like a number or a string, or it can be a list of other documents. Every property is referenced using a key. When traversing the document tree, the user specifies a constructor to be used for creating the implementation Implementation is the realization of an application, execution of a plan, idea, scientific modelling, model, design, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Structural Pattern
In software engineering, structural design patterns are design patterns that ease the design by identifying a simple way to realize relationships among entities. Examples of Structural Patterns include: * Adapter pattern: 'adapts' one interface for a class into one that a client expects ** Adapter pipeline: Use multiple adapters for debugging purposes. ** Retrofit Interface Pattern: An adapter used as a new interface for multiple classes at the same time. * Aggregate pattern: a version of the Composite pattern with methods for aggregation of children * Bridge pattern: decouple an abstraction from its implementation so that the two can vary independently ** Tombstone: An intermediate "lookup" object contains the real location of an object. * Composite pattern: a tree structure of objects where every object has the same interface * Decorator pattern: add additional functionality to an object at runtime where subclassing would result in an exponential rise of new classes * Extensibil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Strong And Weak Typing
In computer programming, one of the many ways that programming languages are colloquially classified is whether the language's type system makes it strongly typed or weakly typed (loosely typed). However, there is no precise technical definition of what the terms mean and different authors disagree about the implied meaning of the terms and the relative rankings of the "strength" of the type systems of mainstream programming languages. For this reason, writers who wish to write unambiguously about type systems often eschew the terms "strong typing" and "weak typing" in favor of specific expressions such as " type safety". Generally, a strongly typed language has stricter typing rules at compile time, which implies that errors are more likely to happen during compilation. Most of these rules affect variable assignment, function return values, procedure arguments and function calling. Dynamically typed languages (where type checking happens at run time) can also be strongly typed. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trait (computer Programming)
In computer programming, a trait is a language concept that represents a set of methods that can be used to extend the functionality of a class. Rationale In object-oriented programming, behavior is sometimes shared between classes which are not related to each other. For example, many unrelated classes may have methods to serialize objects to JSON. Historically, there have been several approaches to solve this without duplicating the code in every class needing the behavior. Other approaches include multiple inheritance and mixins, but these have drawbacks: the behavior of the code may unexpectedly change if the order in which the mixins are applied is altered, or if new methods are added to the parent classes or mixins. Traits solve these problems by allowing classes to use the trait and get the desired behavior. If a class uses more than one trait, the order in which the traits are used does not matter. The methods provided by the traits have direct access to the data of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Document-oriented Database
A document-oriented database, or document store, is a computer program and data storage system designed for storing, retrieving and managing document-oriented information, also known as semi-structured data. Document-oriented databases are one of the main categories of NoSQL databases, and the popularity of the term "document-oriented database" has grown with the use of the term NoSQL itself. XML databases are a subclass of document-oriented databases that are optimized to work with XML documents. Graph databases are similar, but add another layer, the ''relationship'', which allows them to link documents for rapid traversal. Document-oriented databases are inherently a subclass of the key-value store, another NoSQL database concept. The difference lies in the way the data is processed; in a key-value store, the data is considered to be inherently opaque to the database, whereas a document-oriented system relies on internal structure in the ''document'' in order to extract m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Implementation
Implementation is the realization of an application, execution of a plan, idea, scientific modelling, model, design, specification, Standardization, standard, algorithm, policy, or the Management, administration or management of a process or Goal, objective. Industry-specific definitions Information technology In the information technology industry, implementation refers to the post-sales process of guiding a client from purchase to use of the software or hardware that was purchased. This includes requirements analysis, scope analysis, customizations, systems integrations, user policies, user training and delivery. These steps are often overseen by a project manager using project management methodologies. Software Implementations involve several professionals that are relatively new to the knowledge based economy such as Business analysis, business analysts, software implementation specialists, solutions architects, and project managers. To implement a system successfully, many ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Program State
In information technology and computer science, a system is described as stateful if it is designed to remember preceding events or user interactions; the remembered information is called the state of the system. The set of states a system can occupy is known as its state space. In a discrete system, the state space is countable and often finite. The system's internal behaviour or interaction with its environment consists of separately occurring individual actions or events, such as accepting input or producing output, that may or may not cause the system to change its state. Examples of such systems are digital logic circuits and components, automata and formal language, computer programs, and computers. The output of a digital circuit or deterministic computer program at any time is completely determined by its current inputs and its state. Digital logic circuit state Digital logic circuits can be divided into two types: combinational logic, whose output signals are depe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
