Abbad Ibn Al-Ghamr Al-Shihabi
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Abbad Ibn Al-Ghamr Al-Shihabi
Abbad ibn al-Ghamr al-Shihabi ( ar, عباد بن الغمر الشهابي; also known as Abbad ibn Umar) was a ninth century governor of the Yemen for the Abbasid Caliphate. A local Yemeni chief, Abbad was placed in charge of Sana'a by Muhammad ibn Abdallah ibn Muhriz in 824, and he held power there until the arrival of the governor Ishaq ibn al-Abbas ibn Muhammad al-Hashimi at the end of the year. Following the death of the caliph al-Ma'mun in 833, Abbad was again appointed over the Yemen by Abdallah ibn Ubaydallah ibn al-Abbas, and he was confirmed as governor by the new caliph al-Mu'tasim Abū Isḥāq Muḥammad ibn Hārūn al-Rashīd ( ar, أبو إسحاق محمد بن هارون الرشيد; October 796 – 5 January 842), better known by his regnal name al-Muʿtaṣim biʾllāh (, ), was the eighth Abbasid caliph, ruling f ... (r. 833–842). He remained in the governorship until the end of 835, when he was replaced by Abd al-Rahim ibn Ja'far ibn Sulayman al-Hashi ...
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Al-Ma'mun
Abu al-Abbas Abdallah ibn Harun al-Rashid ( ar, أبو العباس عبد الله بن هارون الرشيد, Abū al-ʿAbbās ʿAbd Allāh ibn Hārūn ar-Rashīd; 14 September 786 – 9 August 833), better known by his regnal name Al-Ma'mun ( ar, المأمون, al-Maʾmūn), was the seventh Abbasid caliph, who reigned from 813 until his death in 833. He succeeded his half-brother al-Amin after a civil war, during which the cohesion of the Abbasid Caliphate was weakened by rebellions and the rise of local strongmen; much of his domestic reign was consumed in pacification campaigns. Well educated and with a considerable interest in scholarship, al-Ma'mun promoted the Translation Movement, the flowering of learning and the sciences in Baghdad, and the publishing of al-Khwarizmi's book now known as "Algebra". He is also known for supporting the doctrine of Mu'tazilism and for imprisoning Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal, the rise of religious persecution ('' mihna''), and for the resum ...
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Al-Mu'tasim
Abū Isḥāq Muḥammad ibn Hārūn al-Rashīd ( ar, أبو إسحاق محمد بن هارون الرشيد; October 796 – 5 January 842), better known by his regnal name al-Muʿtaṣim biʾllāh (, ), was the eighth Abbasid caliph, ruling from 833 until his death in 842. A younger son of Caliph Harun al-Rashid (r. 786–809), he rose to prominence through his formation of a private army composed predominantly of Turkic slave-soldiers (, sing. ). This proved useful to his half-brother, Caliph al-Ma'mun, who employed al-Mu'tasim and his Turkish guard to counterbalance other powerful interest groups in the state, as well as employing them in campaigns against rebels and the Byzantine Empire. When al-Ma'mun died unexpectedly on campaign in August 833, al-Mu'tasim was thus well placed to succeed him, overriding the claims of al-Ma'mun's son al-Abbas. Al-Mu'tasim continued many of his brother's policies, such as the partnership with the Tahirids, who governed Khurasan and Baghda ...
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Abdallah Ibn Ubaydallah Ibn Al-Abbas
Abdallah ibn Ubaydallah ibn al-Abbas al-Hashimi ( ar, عبد الله بن عبيد الله بن العباسي الهاشمي) was a ninth century Abbasid personage and governor of the Yemen. Career A minor member of the Abbasid dynasty, being a second cousin of the caliphs al-Hadi (r. 785–786) and Harun al-Rashid (r. 789–809), Abdallah was appointed governor of the Yemen by al-Ma'mun (r. 813–833), and he arrived in Sana'a in ca. 832. He remained governor until the death of al-Ma'mun in 833, at which point he decided to place Abbad ibn al-Ghamr al-Shihabi in charge of the province and departed for Iraq. Abdallah was also a frequent leader of the pilgrimage A pilgrimage is a journey, often into an unknown or foreign place, where a person goes in search of new or expanded meaning about their self, others, nature, or a higher good, through the experience. It can lead to a personal transformation, aft ..., having led the annual events of 828, 829, 831, and possibly 832.; ...
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Abd Al-Rahim Ibn Ja'far Ibn Sulayman Al-Hashimi
Abd al-Rahim ibn Ja'far ibn Sulayman al-Hashimi ( ar, عبد الرحيم بن جعفر بن سليمان الهاشمي) (died ca. 844) was a ninth century Abbasid personage and governor of the Yemen. Career The son of Ja'far ibn Sulayman ibn Ali al-Hashimi, Abd al-Rahim was a minor member of the Abbasid dynasty, being a second nephew of the caliphs al-Saffah (r. 750–754) and al-Mansur (r. 754–775). He was appointed governor of the Yemen by the caliph al-Mu'tasim (r. 833–842), and he arrived in Sana'a near the beginning of 836. During his governorship he was forced to deal with the Yu'firid rebel Yu'fir ibn Abd al-Rahman al-Hiwali, who imprisoned the previous governor Abbad ibn al-Ghamr al-Shihabi and his son and defeated an expedition sent against him. Abd al-Rahim remained governor until 839, when he was dismissed in favor of Ja'far ibn Dinar al-Khayyat Ja'far ibn Dinar ibn Abdallah al-Khayyat ( ar, جعفر بن دينار بن عبد الله الخياط) was a ni ...
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Yemen
Yemen (; ar, ٱلْيَمَن, al-Yaman), officially the Republic of Yemen,, ) is a country in Western Asia. It is situated on the southern end of the Arabian Peninsula, and borders Saudi Arabia to the Saudi Arabia–Yemen border, north and Oman to the Oman–Yemen border, northeast and shares maritime borders with Eritrea, Djibouti, and Somalia. Yemen is the second-largest Arabs, Arab sovereign state in the peninsula, occupying , with a coastline stretching about . Its constitutionally stated Capital city, capital, and largest city, is Sanaa. As of 2021, Yemen has an estimated population of some 30.4 million. In ancient times, Yemen was the home of the Sabaeans, a trading state that included parts of modern-day Ethiopia and Eritrea. Later in 275 AD, the Himyarite Kingdom was influenced by Judaism. Christianity arrived in the fourth century. Islam spread quickly in the seventh century and Yemenite troops were crucial in the early Islamic conquests. Several Dynasty, dynasties ...
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Abbasid Caliphate
The Abbasid Caliphate ( or ; ar, الْخِلَافَةُ الْعَبَّاسِيَّة, ') was the third caliphate to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad. It was founded by a dynasty descended from Muhammad's uncle, Abbas ibn Abdul-Muttalib (566–653 CE), from whom the dynasty takes its name. They ruled as caliphs for most of the caliphate from their capital in Baghdad in modern-day Iraq, after having overthrown the Umayyad Caliphate in the Abbasid Revolution of 750 CE (132  AH). The Abbasid Caliphate first centered its government in Kufa, modern-day Iraq, but in 762 the caliph Al-Mansur founded the city of Baghdad, near the ancient Babylonian capital city of Babylon. Baghdad became the center of science, culture and invention in what became known as the Golden Age of Islam. This, in addition to housing several key academic institutions, including the House of Wisdom, as well as a multiethnic and multi-religious environment, garnered it a worldwide reputation as the ...
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Sana'a
Sanaa ( ar, صَنْعَاء, ' , Yemeni Arabic: ; Old South Arabian: 𐩮𐩬𐩲𐩥 ''Ṣnʿw''), also spelled Sana'a or Sana, is the capital and largest city in Yemen and the centre of Sanaa Governorate. The city is not part of the Governorate, but forms the separate administrative district of "ʾAmānat al-ʿĀṣima" (). Under the Yemeni constitution, Sanaa is the capital of the country, although the seat of the Yemeni government moved to Aden, the former capital of South Yemen in the aftermath of the Houthi occupation. Aden was declared as the temporary capital by President Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi in March 2015. At an elevation of , Sanaa is one of the highest capital cities in the world and is next to the Sarawat Mountains of Jabal An-Nabi Shu'ayb and Jabal Tiyal, considered to be the highest mountains in the country and amongst the highest in the region. Sanaa has a population of approximately 3,937,500 (2012), making it Yemen's largest city. As of 2020, the greater ...
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Muhammad Ibn Abdallah Ibn Muhriz
Muhammad ibn Abdallah ibn Muhriz ( ar, محمد بن عبد الله بن محرز) was a ninth century governor of the Yemen for the Abbasid Caliphate. A '' mawla'' of the caliph al-Ma'mun (r. 813–833), Muhammad was appointed governor in ca. 823. Upon his arrival in the province he remained in the chief town of Sana'a, while sending his son to act as his deputy in al-Janad. Shortly afterwards, however, the inhabitants of al-Janad revolted against his son, and Muhammad decided that his position was too weak to maintain. He therefore set out for the Hijaz and left the Yemen in the hands of the local chief Abbad ibn al-Ghamr al-Shihabi, who remained in control until the arrival of the next governor Ishaq ibn al-Abbas ibn Muhammad al-Hashimi Ishaq ibn al-Abbas ibn Muhammad al-Hashimi ( ar, إسحاق بن العباس بن محمد الهاشمي) was a ninth century Abbasid personage, provincial governor and military commander. He was twice appointed as governor of the Yemen, i ...
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Ishaq Ibn Al-Abbas Ibn Muhammad Al-Hashimi
Ishaq ibn al-Abbas ibn Muhammad al-Hashimi ( ar, إسحاق بن العباس بن محمد الهاشمي) was a ninth century Abbasid personage, provincial governor and military commander. He was twice appointed as governor of the Yemen, in 824 and 830. Career Ishaq was a minor member of the Abbasid dynasty, being a nephew of the caliphs al-Saffah (r. 750–754) and al-Mansur (r. 754–775). He is mentioned as being in Iraq in 817, when he played a small role in supporting the anti-caliph Ibrahim ibn al-Mahdi. In 824 Ishaq was appointed governor of the Yemen for the caliph al-Ma'mun (r. 813–833), and he arrived in Sana'a at the end of that year. His governorship of the province proved to be extremely tumultuous, and he was soon accused of treating the Yemenis in a harsh manner. Affairs in the province eventually became so disorderly that al-Ma'mun decided to dismiss Ishaq, and Muhammad ibn Nafi' was appointed as governor in his place. In 830, Ishaq was selected to lead th ...
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Abbasid
The Abbasid Caliphate ( or ; ar, الْخِلَافَةُ الْعَبَّاسِيَّة, ') was the third caliphate to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad. It was founded by a dynasty descended from Muhammad's uncle, Abbas ibn Abdul-Muttalib (566–653 CE), from whom the dynasty takes its name. They ruled as caliphs for most of the caliphate from their capital in Baghdad in modern-day Iraq, after having overthrown the Umayyad Caliphate in the Abbasid Revolution of 750 CE (132 anno Hegirae, AH). The Abbasid Caliphate first centered its government in Kufa, modern-day Iraq, but in 762 the caliph Al-Mansur founded the city of Baghdad, near the ancient Babylonian Empire, Babylonian capital city of Babylon. Baghdad became the center of Science in the medieval Islamic world, science, Islamic culture, culture and List of inventions in the medieval Islamic world, invention in what became known as the Islamic Golden Age, Golden Age of Islam. This, in addition to housing several ke ...
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Abbasid Governors Of Yemen
The Abbasid Caliphate ( or ; ar, الْخِلَافَةُ الْعَبَّاسِيَّة, ') was the third caliphate to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad. It was founded by a dynasty descended from Muhammad's uncle, Abbas ibn Abdul-Muttalib (566–653 CE), from whom the dynasty takes its name. They ruled as caliphs for most of the caliphate from their capital in Baghdad in modern-day Iraq, after having overthrown the Umayyad Caliphate in the Abbasid Revolution of 750 CE (132  AH). The Abbasid Caliphate first centered its government in Kufa, modern-day Iraq, but in 762 the caliph Al-Mansur founded the city of Baghdad, near the ancient Babylonian capital city of Babylon. Baghdad became the center of science, culture and invention in what became known as the Golden Age of Islam. This, in addition to housing several key academic institutions, including the House of Wisdom, as well as a multiethnic and multi-religious environment, garnered it a worldwide reputation as the "C ...
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9th-century Arabs
The 9th century was a period from 801 ( DCCCI) through 900 ( CM) in accordance with the Julian calendar. The Carolingian Renaissance and the Viking raids occurred within this period. In the Middle East, the House of Wisdom was founded in Abbasid Baghdad, attracting many scholars to the city. The field of algebra was founded by the Muslim polymath al-Khwarizmi. The most famous Islamic Scholar Ahmad ibn Hanbal was tortured and imprisoned by Abbasid official Ahmad ibn Abi Du'ad during the reign of Abbasid caliph al-Mu'tasim and caliph al-Wathiq. In Southeast Asia, the height of the Mataram Kingdom happened in this century, while Burma would see the establishment of the major kingdom of Pagan. Tang China started the century with the effective rule under Emperor Xianzong and ended the century with the Huang Chao rebellions. While the Maya experienced widespread political collapse in the central Maya region, resulting in internecine warfare, the abandonment of cities, and a northward ...
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