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4th District Of Manila
The highly urbanized city of Manila is currently represented in the House of Representatives of the Philippines by its six congressional districts. Every three years, each district elects one representative who will sit on their behalf in Congress. In addition, each district is allotted six seats in the Manila City Council, with councilors being elected every three years. History Areas now under the jurisdiction of Manila were initially represented as part of the at-large district of the province of Manila in the Malolos Congress from 1898 to 1899; the district elected four representatives. The city of Manila, chartered in 1901, first gained separate representation in 1907. It was initially divided into two representative districts from 1907 to 1949. When seats for the upper house of the Philippine Legislature were elected from territory-based districts between 1916 and 1935, the city formed part of the fourth senatorial district which elected two out of the 24-member ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ph Fil Congress Districts Manila
In chemistry, pH (), historically denoting "potential of hydrogen" (or "power of hydrogen"), is a scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution. Acidic solutions (solutions with higher concentrations of ions) are measured to have lower pH values than basic or alkaline solutions. The pH scale is logarithmic and inversely indicates the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution.Bates, Roger G. ''Determination of pH: theory and practice''. Wiley, 1973. :\ce = - \log(a_\ce) = -\log( ce\ce M) where M = mol dm−3. At 25 °C (77 °F), solutions with a pH less than 7 are acidic, and solutions with a pH greater than 7 are basic. Solutions with a pH of 7 at this temperature are neutral (i.e. have the same concentration of H+ ions as OH− ions, i.e. pure water). The neutral value of the pH depends on the temperaturebeing lower than 7 if the temperature increases above 25 °C. The pH value can be less than 0 for very concentrated strong acids, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Assembly Of The Second Philippine Republic
The National Assembly was the legislature of the Second Philippine Republic from September 25, 1943, to February 2, 1944. Half of the membership of the assembly consisted of provincial governors or city mayors acting in an ''ex officio'' capacity, while the other half were indirectly elected through local conventions of KALIBAPI members during the Japanese occupation of the Philippines. Legislation The National Assembly of the Second Philippine Republic passed a total of 66 laws: Act No. 1 to 66. Major legislation *Act No. 1 – ''Creation of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs'' Leadership President *President of the Second Philippine Republic: :: José P. Laurel (KALIBAPI) National Assembly *Speaker: :: Benigno S. Aquino (KALIBAPI, Tarlac) *Floor Leader: ::Francisco Zulueta (KALIBAPI, Bacolod) Members The assembly consisted of 108 members from 46 provinces and 8 chartered cities. The numbers and territorial coverages of these areas differed from the pre-war status in severa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constitution Of The Philippines
The Constitution of the Philippines (Filipino: ''Saligang Batas ng Pilipinas'' or ''Konstitusyon ng Pilipinas'', Spanish: ''Constitución de la República de Filipinas'') is the constitution or the supreme law of the Republic of the Philippines. Its final draft was completed by the Constitutional Commission on October 12, 1986, and ratified by a nationwide plebiscite on February 2, 1987. Three other constitutions have effectively governed the country in its history: the 1935 Commonwealth Constitution, the 1973 Constitution, and the 1986 Freedom Constitution. The earliest constitution establishing a "Philippine Republic", the 1899 Malolos Constitution, was never fully implemented throughout the Philippines and did not establish a state that was internationally recognized, due in great part to the eruption of the Philippine–American War. Background of the 1987 Constitution Ruling by decree during the early months of her tenure as a president installed via the People Power ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1987 Philippine House Of Representatives Elections
Elections for the House of Representatives in the Philippines were held on May 11, 1987. This was the first legislative election since 1984, the first House of Representatives elections since 1969, and the first election since the People Power Revolution that overthrew president Ferdinand Marcos and brought Corazon Aquino to power after alleged election fraud by the former during the 1986 presidential election against the latter. Although no party surpassed 20% of the popular vote, candidates that ran under two or more parties won a quarter of the seats, followed by PDP–Laban and Lakas ng Bansa of subsequent speaker Ramon Mitra, Jr. that would later be the Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino after some of the members of PDP–Laban defected. The Ferdinand Marcos loyalists either ran under the Kilusang Bagong Lipunan, as independents, or found their way into the pro-Corazon Aquino parties. The pro-Aquino parties won majority of the seats in the House of Representatives. Under the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1984 Philippine Parliamentary Election
A parliamentary election was held on May 14, 1984 in the Philippines. Like past elections, charges of bribery, protests and complaints on irregularities marred the elections. Former ''Manila Times'' publisher Chino Roces and former senator and opposition leader Jose W. Diokno supported the campaign boycotting the election. The National Movement for Free Elections (NAMFREL) helped mitigate electoral fraud during the election. The ruling Kilusang Bagong Lipunan (KBL) retained a majority in parliament, but the opposition United Nationalist Democratic Organization (UNIDO) made massive gains, winning 60 seats and reducing the KBL's majority to 114 compared to the 150 they had in 1978. This was the first Philippine election to happen after the end of the controversial martial law period from 1972 to 1981. The opposition's success was due in most part because of the public fallout after the assassination of Benigno Aquino Jr. on August 21, 1983. His death exposed an increasingly inc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Regular Batasang Pambansa
The Regular Batasang Pambansa (English: Regular National Assembly), or the First Batasang Pambansa, was the meeting of the Batasang Pambansa from the beginning of its session on July 23, 1984 until it was abolished by President Corazon Aquino on March 25, 1986. Events Marcos impeachment attempt On August 13, 1985, 56 assemblymen signed a resolution calling for the impeachment of President Marcos for graft and corruption, culpable violation of the Constitution, gross violation of his oath of office and other high crimes. They cited the ''San Jose Mercury News'' exposé of the Marcoses' multimillion-dollar investment and property holdings in the United States. The properties allegedly amassed by the First Family were the Crown Building, Lindenmere Estate, and a number of residential apartments (in New Jersey and New York), a shopping center in New York, mansions (in London, Rome and Honolulu), the Helen Knudsen Estate in Hawaii and three condominiums in San Francisco, California. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Interim Batasang Pambansa
The Interim Batasang Pambansa (English: Interim National Assembly) was the legislature of the Republic of the Philippines from its inauguration on June 12, 1978 to June 5, 1984. It served as a transitional legislative body mandated by the 1973 Constitution as the Philippines shifted from a presidential to a semi-presidential form of government. Sessions * First Regular Session: June 12, 1978 – June 6, 1979 * Second Regular Session: July 23, 1979 – June 11, 1980 * Third Regular Session: July 28, 1980 – April 28, 1981 * Fourth Regular Session: July 27, 1981 – June 1, 1982 * Fifth Regular Session: July 26, 1982 – April 14, 1983 * Sixth Regular Session: July 25, 1983 – June 5, 1984 Leadership * President/Prime Minister ::Ferdinand E. Marcos ( KBL) * First Lady :: Imelda R. Marcos ( KBL, Minister of Human Settlements/Region IV-A) * Prime Minister :: Cesar E.A. Virata ( KBL, Minister of Finance/Region IV-B), ''elected June 30, 1981'' * Deputy Prime Minister :: Cesar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
7th Congress Of The Philippines
The 7th Congress of the Philippines (Filipino: ''Ikapitong Kongreso ng Pilipinas''), composed of the Philippine Senate and House of Representatives, met from January 26, 1970, until September 23, 1972, during the fifth, sixth, and seventh years of Ferdinand Marcos's presidency. On September 23, 1972, President Marcos effectively dissolved the Congress with his declaration of martial law. Marcos then exercised legislative powers. In 1976, Congress was replaced by the Batasang Bayan as the Philippines' legislative body until 1978, when it was replaced by the Batasang Pambansa. One-third of the Senate and the entire membership of the House of Representatives was replaced after the 1969 general elections. The House members and another third of the Senate membership were again replaced after the midterm senatorial elections of 1971. Sessions *First Regular Session: January 26 – May 21, 1970 **''First Special Session'': May 22 – June 25, 1970 **''Second Special Session'': June ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2nd Congress Of The Philippines
The 2nd Congress of the Philippines (Filipino: ''Ikalawang Kongreso ng Pilipinas''), composed of the Philippine Senate and House of Representatives, met from December 30, 1949, until December 8, 1953, during the second term of President Elpidio Quirino. Sessions **''First Special Session'': December 30, 1949 – January 5, 1950 *First Regular Session: January 23 – May 18, 1950 **''Second Special Session'': August 1–25, 1950 **''Third Special Session'': December 4, 1950 – January 6, 1951 **''Fourth Special Session'': January 8–19, 1951 *Second Regular Session: January 22 – May 17, 1951 **''Fifth Special Session'': May 21–29, 1951 *Third Regular Session: January 28 – May 22, 1952 **''Sixth Special Session'': June 23 – July 15, 1952 **''Seventh Special Session'': November 4–8, 1952 *Fourth Regular Session: January 26, 1953 – May 21, 1953 **Joint Session: December 8, 1953 Legislation The Second Congress passed a total of 551 laws. Leadership Senate *Presiden ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philippine Commonwealth
The Commonwealth of the Philippines ( es, Commonwealth de Filipinas or ; tl, Komonwelt ng Pilipinas) was the administrative body that governed the Philippines from 1935 to 1946, aside from a period of exile in the Second World War from 1942 to 1945 when Japan occupied the country. It was established following the Tydings–McDuffie Act to replace the Insular Government, a United States territorial government.. The Commonwealth was designed as a transitional administration in preparation for the country's full achievement of independence. Its foreign affairs remained managed by the United States. During its more than a decade of existence, the Commonwealth had a strong executive and a Supreme Court. Its legislature, dominated by the Nacionalista Party, was at first unicameral, but later bicameral. In 1937, the government selected Tagalog – the language of Manila and its surrounding provinces – as the basis of the national language, although it would be many years befor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese Occupation Of The Philippines
The Japanese occupation of the Philippines (Filipino: ''Pananakop ng mga Japones sa Filipinas''; ja, 日本のフィリピン占領, Nihon no Firipin Senryō) occurred between 1942 and 1945, when Imperial Japan occupied the Commonwealth of the Philippines during World War II. The invasion of the Philippines started on 8 December 1941, ten hours after the attack on Pearl Harbor. As at Pearl Harbor, American aircraft were severely damaged in the initial Japanese attack. Lacking air cover, the American Asiatic Fleet in the Philippines withdrew to Java on 12 December 1941. General Douglas MacArthur was ordered out, leaving his men at Corregidor on the night of 11 March 1942 for Australia, 4,000 km away. The 76,000 starving and sick American and Filipino defenders in Bataan surrendered on 9 April 1942, and were forced to endure the infamous Bataan Death March on which 7,000–10,000 died or were murdered. The 13,000 survivors on Corregidor surrendered on 6 May. Japan occupie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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