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4,7-Dihydroisoindole
4,7-Dihydroisoindole in heterocyclic chemistry is a reduced form of isoindole In organic chemistry and heterocyclic chemistry, isoindole consists of a benzene ring fused with pyrrole. The compound is an isomer of indole. Its reduced form is isoindoline. The parent isoindole is a rarely encountered in the technical lite .... 4,7-Dihydroisoindole is a useful building block for extended porphyrins which are relevant as materials for optical applications. Synthesis An early attempt to access 4,7-dihydroisoindole — the closest relative of thermodynamically unstable isoindole was performed 1985. It was based on the classical Paal-Knorr synthesis under conditions which probably harmed the electron-rich pyrrole ring. Observed instability of 4,7-dihydroisoindole led researchers to conclude that it was not a useful intermediate in the porphyrin chemistry. It turned out that changing the conditions made it possible to isolate 4,7-dihydroisoindole. Three-step synthesis starting fro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
4,7-dihydroisoindole Interactions With Acid And Base
4,7-Dihydroisoindole in heterocyclic chemistry is a reduced form of isoindole In organic chemistry and heterocyclic chemistry, isoindole consists of a benzene ring fused with pyrrole. The compound is an isomer of indole. Its reduced form is isoindoline. The parent isoindole is a rarely encountered in the technical lite .... 4,7-Dihydroisoindole is a useful building block for extended porphyrins which are relevant as materials for optical applications. Synthesis An early attempt to access 4,7-dihydroisoindole — the closest relative of thermodynamically unstable isoindole was performed 1985. It was based on the classical Paal-Knorr synthesis under conditions which probably harmed the electron-rich pyrrole ring. Observed instability of 4,7-dihydroisoindole led researchers to conclude that it was not a useful intermediate in the porphyrin chemistry. It turned out that changing the conditions made it possible to isolate 4,7-dihydroisoindole. Three-step synthesis starting fro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isoindole
In organic chemistry and heterocyclic chemistry, isoindole consists of a benzene ring fused with pyrrole. The compound is an isomer of indole. Its reduced form is isoindoline. The parent isoindole is a rarely encountered in the technical literature, but substituted derivatives are useful commercially and occur naturally. Isoindoles units occur in phthalocyanines, an important family of dyes. Some alkaloids containing isoindole have been isolated and characterized.Heugebaert, Thomas S. A.; Roman, Bart I.; Stevens, Christian V. "Synthesis of isoindoles and related iso-condensed heteroaromatic pyrroles" Chemical Society Reviews 2012, volume 41, pp. 5626-5640. Synthesis The parent isoindole was prepared by flash vacuum pyrolysis of an N-substituted isoindoline. N-Substituted isoindoles, which are easier to handle, can be prepared by dehydration of isoindoline-N-oxides. They also arise by myriad other methods, e.g., starting from xylylene dibromide (C6H4(CH2Br)2). Structure an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pyrroles
Pyrrole is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound, a five-membered ring with the formula C4 H4 NH. It is a colorless volatile liquid that darkens readily upon exposure to air. Substituted derivatives are also called pyrroles, e.g., ''N''-methylpyrrole, C4H4NCH3. Porphobilinogen, a trisubstituted pyrrole, is the biosynthetic precursor to many natural products such as heme. Pyrroles are components of more complex macrocycles, including the porphyrinogens and products derived therefrom, including porphyrins of heme, the chlorins, bacteriochlorins, and chlorophylls. Properties Pyrrole is a colorless volatile liquid that darkens readily upon exposure to air, and is usually purified by distillation immediately before use. Pyrrole has a nutty odor. Pyrrole is a 5-membered aromatic heterocycle, like furan and thiophene. Unlike furan and thiophene, it has a dipole in which the positive end lies on the side of the heteroatom, with a dipole moment of 1.58 D. In CDCl3, it has ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Decarboxylation
Decarboxylation is a chemical reaction that removes a carboxyl group and releases carbon dioxide (CO2). Usually, decarboxylation refers to a reaction of carboxylic acids, removing a carbon atom from a carbon chain. The reverse process, which is the first chemical step in photosynthesis, is called carboxylation, the addition of CO2 to a compound. Enzymes that catalyze decarboxylations are called decarboxylases or, the more formal term, carboxy-lyases ( EC number 4.1.1). In organic chemistry The term "decarboxylation" usually means replacement of a carboxyl group () with a hydrogen atom: :RCO2H -> RH + CO2 Decarboxylation is one of the oldest known organic reactions. It is one of the processes assumed to accompany pyrolysis and destructive distillation. Metal salts, especially copper compounds, facilitate the reaction via the intermediacy of metal carboxylate complexes. Decarboxylation of aryl carboxylates can generate the equivalent of the corresponding aryl anion, which ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Use Of 4,7-dihydroisoindole As A Common Precursor In Porphyrin Synthesis
Use may refer to: * Use (law), an obligation on a person to whom property has been conveyed * Use (liturgy), a special form of Roman Catholic ritual adopted for use in a particular diocese * Use–mention distinction, the distinction between using a word and mentioning it * Consumption (economics) ** Resource depletion, use to the point of lack of supply ** Psychological manipulation, in a form that treats a person is as a means to an end * Rental utilization, quantification of the use of assets to be continuously let See also * Use case * User story * USE (other) * Used (other) Used may refer to: Common meanings *Used good, goods of any type that have been used before or pre-owned *Used to, English auxiliary verb Places *Used, Huesca, a village in Huesca, Aragon, Spain *Used, Zaragoza, a town in Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain ... * User (other) {{disambig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tetrahedron (journal)
''Tetrahedron'' is a weekly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering the field of organic chemistry. According to the ''Journal Citation Reports'', ''Tetrahedron'' has a 2020 impact factor of 2.457. ''Tetrahedron'' and Elsevier, its publisher, support an annual symposium. In 2010, complaints were raised over its high subscription cost. Notable papers , the Web of Science lists ten papers from ''Tetrahedron'' that have more than 1000 citations. The four articles that have been cited more than 2000 times are: * – cited 2228 times * – cited 2162 times * – cited 2124 times * – cited 2107 times See also * '' Tetrahedron Letters'' * ''Tetrahedron Computer Methodology'' * ''Polyhedron In geometry, a polyhedron (plural polyhedra or polyhedrons; ) is a three-dimensional shape with flat polygonal faces, straight edges and sharp corners or vertices. A convex polyhedron is the convex hull of finitely many points, not all o ...'' (journal) Refer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Journal Of Organic Chemistry
The ''European Journal of Organic Chemistry'' is a weekly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering organic chemistry. It is published by Wiley-VCH on behalf of Chemistry Europe. The journal, along with the ''European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry'', was established in 1998 as the result of a merger of '' Chemische Berichte/Recueil,'' ''Bulletin de la Société Chimique de France,'' '' Bulletin des Sociétés Chimiques Belges,'' '' Gazzetta Chimica Italiana,'' '' Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas'', ''Anales de Química,'' ''Chimika Chronika,'' ''Revista Portuguesa de Química, and'' ''ACH-Models in Chemistry.'' According to the ''Journal Citation Reports'', the journal has a 2021 impact factor of 3.261. See also * List of chemistry journals *''European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry The ''European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry'' is a weekly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering inorganic, organometallic, bioinorganic, and solid-state chemistry. It is published ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Extended Porphyrins
Porphyrins ( ) are a group of heterocyclic macrocycle organic compounds, composed of four modified pyrrole subunits interconnected at their α carbon atoms via methine bridges (=CH−). The parent of porphyrin is porphine, a rare chemical compound of exclusively theoretical interest. Substituted porphines are called porphyrins. With a total of 26 π-electrons, of which 18 π-electrons form a planar, continuous cycle, the porphyrin ring structure is often described as aromatic. One result of the large conjugated system is that porphyrins typically absorb strongly in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum, i.e. they are deeply colored. The name "porphyrin" derives from the Greek word πορφύρα (''porphyra''), meaning ''purple''. Complexes of porphyrins Concomitant with the displacement of two N-''H'' protons, porphyrins bind metal ions in the N4 "pocket". The metal ion usually has a charge of 2+ or 3+. A schematic equation for these syntheses is shown: :H2porph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Decarboxylation
Decarboxylation is a chemical reaction that removes a carboxyl group and releases carbon dioxide (CO2). Usually, decarboxylation refers to a reaction of carboxylic acids, removing a carbon atom from a carbon chain. The reverse process, which is the first chemical step in photosynthesis, is called carboxylation, the addition of CO2 to a compound. Enzymes that catalyze decarboxylations are called decarboxylases or, the more formal term, carboxy-lyases ( EC number 4.1.1). In organic chemistry The term "decarboxylation" usually means replacement of a carboxyl group () with a hydrogen atom: :RCO2H -> RH + CO2 Decarboxylation is one of the oldest known organic reactions. It is one of the processes assumed to accompany pyrolysis and destructive distillation. Metal salts, especially copper compounds, facilitate the reaction via the intermediacy of metal carboxylate complexes. Decarboxylation of aryl carboxylates can generate the equivalent of the corresponding aryl anion, which ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
