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3 March Affair
The 3 March affair ( id, Peristiwa Tiga Maret) was an attempted coup against the Indonesian republican administration in West Sumatra during the Indonesian National Revolution by Islamic militias. The coup failed and its leaders were arrested. Background In the early phases of the Indonesian National Revolution, the residents of West Sumatra had felt that the authorities of the Republic of Indonesia had not been radical enough in taking actions against the Dutch. A local election in mid-1946 saw significant success for candidates who had refused to work with the Dutch and Japanese authorities in the pre-independence era, and members of the Islamist Masyumi Party largely took control of local village administration from traditional leaders. In November 1946, the Linggadjati Agreement was signed, which in West Sumatra meant that Indonesian army units were required to withdraw from the city of Padang, an unpopular decision for the locals. This resentment was furthered by grievances ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indonesian National Revolution
The Indonesian National Revolution, or the Indonesian War of Independence, was an armed conflict and diplomatic struggle between the Republic of Indonesia and the Dutch Empire and an internal social revolution during Aftermath of WWII, postwar and Dutch East Indies#World War II and independence, postcolonial Indonesia. It took place between Indonesian Declaration of Independence, Indonesia's declaration of independence in 1945 and the Netherlands' Dutch–Indonesian Round Table Conference, transfer of sovereignty over the Dutch East Indies to the Republic of the United States of Indonesia at the end of 1949. The four-year struggle involved sporadic but bloody armed conflict, internal Indonesian political and communal upheavals, and two major international diplomatic interventions. Dutch military forces (and, for a while, the forces of the World War II Allies, World War II allies) were able to control the major towns, cities and industrial assets in Republican heartlands on Ja ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Payakumbuh
Payakumbuh (Indonesian: Kota Payakumbuh, Minangkabau: Payokumbuah, Jawi: ) is the second largest city in West Sumatra province, Indonesia, with a population of 116,825 at the 2010 Census and 139,576 at the 2020 Census. It covers an area of 80.43 km² and is in the Minangkabau Highlands, 120 km by road from the West Sumatran capital city of Padang and 180 km from the Riau capital city of Pekanbaru. The whole area is surrounded on all sides by (but administratively independent from) the Lima Puluh Kota Regency, making it an enclave. It is located near the volcanoes of Mount Merapi, Mount Sago, and Bukit Barisan. Payakumbuh means "grassy swamp" in the Minangkabau language., suggesting that the area was originally swampy. In 2011, Payakumbuh had the highest economic growth of any city in West Sumatra. Innovations in sanitation, waste management, healthy traditional markets, street vendors coaching, and urban drainage resulted in this city being awarded the "Urban I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Attempted Coups In Indonesia
An attempt to commit a crime occurs if a criminal has an intent to commit a crime and takes a substantial step toward completing the crime, but for reasons not intended by the criminal, the final resulting crime does not occur.''Criminal Law - Cases and Materials'', 7th ed. 2012, Wolters Kluwer Law & Business; John Kaplan (law professor), Robert Weisberg, Guyora Binder, /ref> Attempt to commit a particular crime is a crime, usually considered to be of the same or lesser gravity as the particular crime attempted. Attempt is a type of inchoate crime, a crime that is not fully developed. The crime of attempt has two elements, intent and some conduct toward completion of the crime.Defining Attempts: Mandujano's Error, Duke University, Michael R. Fishman/ref> One group of theories in criminal law is that attempt to commit an act occurs when a person comes dangerously close to carrying out a criminal act, and intends to commit the act, but does not commit it. The person may have carri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1947 In Indonesia
Events in the year 1947 in Indonesia. The country had an estimated population of 71,460,600 people. Incumbents * President: Sukarno * Vice President: Mohammad Hatta * Prime Minister: Sutan Sjahrir (until 3 July), Amir Sjarifuddin (from 3 July) * Chief Justice: Kusumah Atmaja Events * Continuing Indonesian National Revolution * February - Establishment of Sarbupri * 8 March - Establishment of the Communist Party of Indonesia (Red) * 7 June - Establishment of the Toraja Mamasa Church * June - Disestablishment of the Third Sjahrir Cabinet * 3 July - Establishment of the First Amir Sjarifuddin Cabinet * 21 July to 4 August - Operation Product * 29 July - Shoot down of Dakota VT-CLA * 1 August - United Nations Security Council Resolution 27 * 25 August - United Nations Security Council Resolution 30 * 25 August - United Nations Security Council Resolution 31 * 26 August - United Nations Security Council Resolution 32 * 3 October - United Nations Security Council Resolution 35 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battles Of The Indonesian National Revolution
A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force commitment. An engagement with only limited commitment between the forces and without decisive results is sometimes called a skirmish. The word "battle" can also be used infrequently to refer to an entire operational campaign, although this usage greatly diverges from its conventional or customary meaning. Generally, the word "battle" is used for such campaigns if referring to a protracted combat encounter in which either one or both of the combatants had the same methods, resources, and strategic objectives throughout the encounter. Some prominent examples of this would be the Battle of the Atlantic, Battle of Britain, and Battle of Stalingrad, all in World War II. Wars and military campaigns are guided by military strategy, whereas bat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mohammad Natsir
Mohammad Natsir (17 July 19086 February 1993) was an Islamic scholar and politician. He was Indonesia's fifth List of Prime Ministers of Indonesia, prime minister. After moving to Bandung from his hometown Solok, West Sumatra for senior high school, Natsir studied Islamic doctrine extensively. His first articles were published in 1929, and during the 1930s he wrote for several Islamic-themed papers. He entered politics in the mid-1930s, rising through the ranks of Islamic parties. On 5 September 1950, he was chosen as prime minister, a term which he served until 26 April 1951. After his term as prime minister, he became increasingly vocal about Islam's role in Indonesia and was eventually arrested for doing so. Released in 1966 after the New Order (Indonesia), New Order government took power, Natsir continued to be critical of the government, eventually leading to him being banned from traveling. He died in his home in Jakarta, on 6 February 1993. Natsir wrote extensively on Isla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eny Karim
Eny Karim (22 October 1910 – 5 September 1995), also spelled as Eni Karim, was an Indonesian politician and civil servant from West Sumatra who served as Minister of Agriculture under the Second Ali Sastroamidjojo Cabinet, and briefly as governor of North Sumatra in 1963. Early life Karim was born in Batusangkar, today in the Tanah Datar Regency of West Sumatra, on 22 October 1910. He underwent education in Bukittinggi, completing elementary education in 1924, MULO in 1927, and a "nobility school" (MOSVIA) training local nobility to be civil servants in 1931. Career After completing school, Karim was assigned by the colonial government to Pontianak, where he worked for eight years before he returned to West Sumatra to be assigned in Solok. After the Japanese invasion, Karim went into hiding for some time as the Japanese sought to capture former colonial officials before a lack of administrative personnel prompted the Japanese to offer Karim his civil servant work back. He was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ulama
In Islam, the ''ulama'' (; ar, علماء ', singular ', "scholar", literally "the learned ones", also spelled ''ulema''; feminine: ''alimah'' ingularand ''aalimath'' lural are the guardians, transmitters, and interpreters of religious knowledge in Islam, including Islamic doctrine and law. By longstanding tradition, ulama are educated in religious institutions ''(madrasas)''. The Quran and sunnah (authentic hadith) are the scriptural sources of traditional Islamic law. Traditional way of education Students do not associate themselves with a specific educational institution, but rather seek to join renowned teachers. By tradition, a scholar who has completed his studies is approved by his teacher. At the teacher's individual discretion, the student is given the permission for teaching and for the issuing of legal opinions ''( fatwa)''. The official approval is known as the '' ijazat at-tadris wa 'l-ifta'' ("license to teach and issue legal opinions"). Through time, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Padangpanjang
) , image_skyline = PDIKM Padangpanjang.jpg , imagesize = 300px , image_caption = A traditional Minangkabau '' rumah gadang'' ("big house") in Padang Panjang , image_flag = , image_seal = , image_shield = Padang Panjang coa.png , image_map = Lokasi Sumatra Barat Kota Padangpanjang.svg , mapsize = , map_caption = Location within West Sumatra , pushpin_map = Indonesia_Sumatra#Indonesia , pushpin_map_caption = Location in West Sumatra and Indonesia , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = , subdivision_type1 = Province , subdivision_name1 = , subdivision_type2 = , subdivision_name2 = , government_type = , leader_title = Mayor , leader_name = Fadly Amran , leader_title1 = Vice Mayor , leader_name1 = Asrul , leader_title2 = , leader_name2 = , leader_title3 = ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bukittinggi
Bukittinggi ( min, Bukiktinggi, Jawi: , formerly nl, Fort de Kock) is the third largest city in West Sumatra, Indonesia, with a population of 111,312 in 2010 and 121,028 in 2020, and an area of 25.24 km2. It is in the Minangkabau Highlands, 90 km by road from the West Sumatran capital city of Padang. The whole area directly borders to the Agam Regency (Bukittinggi was its regency seat until 1998), making it an enclave, and is located at , near the volcanoes Mount Singgalang (inactive) and Mount Marapi (still active). At 930 m above sea level, the city has a cool climate with temperatures between 16.1° to 24.9 °C. Bukittinggi used to be known as Fort de Kock and was once dubbed ''. The city was the capital of Indonesia during the Emergency Government of the Republic of Indonesia (PDRI). Before it became the capital of PDRI, the city was a centre of government at the time of the Dutch East Indies and during the Japanese colonial period. Bukittinggi is also known ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solok
(BERAS)(Clean, Elegant, Neat, Safe and Prosperous) , image_shield = Logo Kota Solok.png , image_map = Lokasi Sumatra Barat Kota Solok.svg , map_caption = Location within West Sumatra , pushpin_map =Indonesia_Sumatra#Indonesia , pushpin_label_position =right , pushpin_map_caption =Location in Sumatra and Indonesia , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = , subdivision_type1 = Province , subdivision_name1 = , leader_title = Mayor , leader_name = Zul Elfian Trianso , leader_title1 = Vice Mayor , leader_name1 = Reinier Intan Batuah , area_total_km2 = 57.64 , population_as_of = 2020 census , population_total = 73438 , population_density_km2 = auto , timezone = Indonesia Western Time , utc_offset = +7 , coordinates = , blank_name = Climate , blank_info = Af , area_code_type = A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Padang
Padang () is the capital and largest city of the Indonesian province of West Sumatra. With a Census population of 1,015,000 as of 2022, it is the 16th most populous city in Indonesia and the most populous city on the west coast of Sumatra. The Padang metropolitan area is the third most populous metropolitan area in Sumatra with a population of over 1.4 million. Padang is widely known for its Minangkabau culture, cuisine, and sunset beaches. The city had historically been a trading center since the pre-colonial era, trading in pepper and gold. The Dutch made contact with the city in the mid 17th century, eventually constructing a fortress and taking over control of the city from the Pagaruyung Kingdom. Save for several interruptions of British rule, Padang remained part of the Dutch East Indies as one of its major cities until Indonesian independence. In 1906, Padang along with Palembang became the first populated places in Sumatra to achieve city status (''gemeente''). Hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
