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2003 In Iran
Events in the year 2003 in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Incumbents * Supreme Leader: Ali Khamenei * President: Mohammad Khatami * Vice President: Mohammad-Reza Aref * Chief Justice: Mahmoud Hashemi Shahroudi Events * October 21 - Iran agrees to suspend processing and enriching uranium and allow unannounced inspections by the IAEA. * November 12 - The IAEA finds no evidence of a nuclear program but expresses concern about plutonium production. * December 26 – The 6.6 Bam earthquake shook southeastern Iran with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (''Violent''), leaving more than 26,000 dead and 30,000 injured. Notable births * Yasha Asley Notable deaths * July 8 – Ladan and Laleh Bijani, Iranian conjoined twins * September 6 – Mohammad Oraz, Iranian mountain climber, Mount Everest Summiter, died while climbing Gasherbrum I. * July 11 – Zahra Kazemi, Iranian-Canadian freelance photographer murdered by the Prosecutor Saeed Mortazavi. (b. 1949) Years of the 21st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Supreme Leader Of Iran
The Supreme Leader of Iran ( fa, رهبر ایران, rahbar-e irān) is the List of heads of state of Iran, head of state of the Iran, Islamic Republic of Iran. The Supreme Leader directs the Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran, executive system and History of the judicial system of Iran, judicial system of the Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Islamic theocratic government and is the Commander-in-Chief of the Iranian Armed Forces, commander-in-chief of the Iranian Armed Forces. The Supreme Leader is the highest-ranking political and religious authority of Iran. The Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran, armed forces, Judicial system of Iran, judiciary, Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting, state television, and other key government organisations such as Guardian Council and Expediency Discernment Council are subject to the Supreme Leader."Who's in Charge?" by Ervand Abrahamian ''London Review of Books'', 6 November 2008 According to the constitution, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mohammad Oraz
Mohammad Oraz (Kurdish language, Kurdish: Mihemed Ewraz, fa, محمد اوراز; 1969 in Naghadeh, Iran – September 7, 2003 in Islamabad, Pakistan) was an Iranian mountain climber. He was the second Iranian climber after Hooman Aprin to conquer Mount Everest, reaching the summit in 1998. Biography Oraz was born in September 1969, in Naghadeh, West Azerbaijan. Oraz accompanied the writer Rory Stewart for three months during his walk across Iran. In 2003, during an attempt to ascend Gasherbrum I, Oraz and his colleague, Moqbel Honarpajouh, were hit by an avalanche. The pair were transferred to Shifa Hospital in Islamabad, Honarpajouh survived but Oraz died 20 days later on 7 September. Successful ascents Oraz's major climbs included: * 1998, Rakapushi, Pakistan. * 1998, Everest, Nepal. * 2000, Cho Oyu, Nepal, without oxygen. * 2000, Shishapangma, China, without oxygen. * 2001, Makalu, Nepal, without oxygen. * 2001, Mount Ararat, Ararat, Turkey. * 2002, Lhotse, Nepal, wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2000s In Iran
S, or s, is the nineteenth letter in the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is ''ess'' (pronounced ), plural ''esses''. History Origin Northwest Semitic šîn represented a voiceless postalveolar fricative (as in 'ip'). It originated most likely as a pictogram of a tooth () and represented the phoneme via the acrophonic principle. Ancient Greek did not have a phoneme, so the derived Greek letter sigma () came to represent the voiceless alveolar sibilant . While the letter shape Σ continues Phoenician ''šîn'', its name ''sigma'' is taken from the letter '' samekh'', while the shape and position of ''samekh'' but name of ''šîn'' is continued in the '' xi''. Within Greek, the name of ''sigma'' was influenced by its association with the Greek word (earlier ) "to hiss". The original name of the letter "sigma" may have been ''san'', but due to the compli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Years Of The 21st Century In Iran
A year or annus is the orbital period of a planetary body, for example, the Earth, moving in its orbit around the Sun. Due to the Earth's axial tilt, the course of a year sees the passing of the seasons, marked by change in weather, the hours of daylight, and, consequently, vegetation and soil fertility. In temperate and subpolar regions around the planet, four seasons are generally recognized: spring, summer, autumn and winter. In tropical and subtropical regions, several geographical sectors do not present defined seasons; but in the seasonal tropics, the annual wet and dry seasons are recognized and tracked. A calendar year is an approximation of the number of days of the Earth's orbital period, as counted in a given calendar. The Gregorian calendar, or modern calendar, presents its calendar year to be either a common year of 365 days or a leap year of 366 days, as do the Julian calendars. For the Gregorian calendar, the average length of the calendar year (the mean yea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2003 In Iran
Events in the year 2003 in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Incumbents * Supreme Leader: Ali Khamenei * President: Mohammad Khatami * Vice President: Mohammad-Reza Aref * Chief Justice: Mahmoud Hashemi Shahroudi Events * October 21 - Iran agrees to suspend processing and enriching uranium and allow unannounced inspections by the IAEA. * November 12 - The IAEA finds no evidence of a nuclear program but expresses concern about plutonium production. * December 26 – The 6.6 Bam earthquake shook southeastern Iran with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (''Violent''), leaving more than 26,000 dead and 30,000 injured. Notable births * Yasha Asley Notable deaths * July 8 – Ladan and Laleh Bijani, Iranian conjoined twins * September 6 – Mohammad Oraz, Iranian mountain climber, Mount Everest Summiter, died while climbing Gasherbrum I. * July 11 – Zahra Kazemi, Iranian-Canadian freelance photographer murdered by the Prosecutor Saeed Mortazavi. (b. 1949) Years of the 21st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1949
Events January * January 1 – A United Nations-sponsored ceasefire brings an end to the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947. The war results in a stalemate and the division of Kashmir, which still continues as of 2022. * January 2 – Luis Muñoz Marín becomes the first democratically elected Governor of Puerto Rico. * January 11 – The first "networked" television broadcasts take place, as KDKA-TV in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania goes on the air, connecting east coast and mid-west programming in the United States. * January 16 – Şemsettin Günaltay forms the new government of Turkey. It is the 18th government, last One-party state, single party government of the Republican People's Party. * January 17 – The first Volkswagen Beetle, VW Type 1 to arrive in the United States, a 1948 model, is brought to New York City, New York by Dutch businessman Ben Pon Sr., Ben Pon. Unable to interest dealers or importers in the Volkswagen, Pon sells the sample car to pay his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saeed Mortazavi
Saeed Mortazavi ( fa, سعید مرتضوی, born 26 November 1967) is an Iranian Iranian Principlists, conservative politician, former judge and former prosecutor. He was prosecutor of the Islamic Revolutionary Court, and Prosecutor General of Tehran, a position he held from 2003 to 2009. He has been called as "butcher of the press" and "torturer of Tehran" by some observers.Saeed Murtazavi: butcher of the press – and torturer of Tehran? Jenny Booth and James Hider, 25 June 2009, The Sunday Times. Mortazavi has been accused of the torture and death in custody of Iranian-Canada, Canadian photographer Zahra Kazemi by the Canadian government and was named by 2010 Iranian parliamentary report as the man responsible for abuse of dozens and death ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Photographer
A photographer (the Greek language, Greek φῶς (''phos''), meaning "light", and γραφή (''graphê''), meaning "drawing, writing", together meaning "drawing with light") is a person who makes photographs. Duties and types of photographers As in other arts, the definitions of amateur and professional are not entirely categorical. An ''amateur photographer'' takes snapshots for pleasure to remember events, places or friends with no intention of selling the images to others. A ''professional photographer'' is likely to take photographs for a session and image purchase fee, by salary or through the display, resale or use of those photographs. A professional photographer may be an employee, for example of a newspaper, or may contract to cover a particular planned event such as a Wedding photography, wedding or graduation, or to illustrate an advertising, advertisement. Others, like Fine art photography, fine art photographers, are freelancers, first making an image and t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Freelance
''Freelance'' (sometimes spelled ''free-lance'' or ''free lance''), ''freelancer'', or ''freelance worker'', are terms commonly used for a person who is self-employed and not necessarily committed to a particular employer long-term. Freelance workers are sometimes represented by a company or a temporary agency that resells freelance labor to clients; others work independently or use professional associations or websites to get work. While the term ''independent contractor'' would be used in a different register of English to designate the tax and employment classes of this type of worker, the term "freelancing" is most common in culture and creative industries, and use of this term may indicate participation therein. Fields, professions, and industries where freelancing is predominant include: music, writing, acting, computer programming, web design, graphic design, translating and illustrating, film and video production, and other forms of piece work that some cultural the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zahra Kazemi
Zahra "Ziba" Kazemi-Ahmadabadi ( fa, زهرا کاظمی احمدآبادی; 1948 – 11 July 2003) was an Iranian-Canadian freelance photojournalist. She gained notoriety for her arrest in Iran and the circumstances in which she was held by Iranian authorities, in whose custody she was killed. Kazemi's autopsy report revealed that she had been raped and tortured by Iranian officials while she was at Evin Prison, located within the capital city of Tehran. Although Iranian authorities insist that her death was accidental and that she died of a stroke while being interrogated, Shahram Azam, a former military staff physician who used his purported knowledge of Kazemi's case for seeking asylum in Canada in 2004, has stated that he examined Kazemi's body and observed that she showed obvious signs of torture, including a skull fracture, nasal fracture, signs of rape, and severe abdominal bruising.INDEPTH: ZAHRA KAZEMI' "Iran's changing story" CBC News Online , Updated 16 November ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
July 11
Events Pre-1600 * 472 – After being besieged in Rome by his own generals, Western Roman Emperor Anthemius is captured in St. Peter's Basilica and put to death. * 813 – Byzantine emperor Michael I, under threat by conspiracies, abdicates in favor of his general Leo the Armenian, and becomes a monk (under the name Athanasius). *911 – Signing of the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte between Charles the Simple and Rollo of Normandy. * 1174 – Baldwin IV, 13, becomes King of Jerusalem, with Raymond III, Count of Tripoli as regent and William of Tyre as chancellor. * 1302 – Battle of the Golden Spurs (''Guldensporenslag'' in Dutch): A coalition around the Flemish cities defeats the king of France's royal army. * 1346 – Charles IV, Count of Luxembourg and King of Bohemia, is elected King of the Romans. *1405 – Ming admiral Zheng He sets sail to explore the world for the first time. * 1410 – Ottoman Interregnum: Süleyman Çelebi defeats ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gasherbrum I
Gasherbrum I ( ur, ; ), surveyed as K5 and also known as Hidden Peak, is the 11th highest mountain in the world at above sea level. It is located in Shigar District in the Gilgit–Baltistan region of Pakistan. Gasherbrum I is part of the Gasherbrum Massif, located in the Karakoram region of the Himalaya. Gasherbrum is often claimed to mean "Shining Wall", presumably a reference to the highly visible face of the neighboring peak Gasherbrum IV; but in fact, it comes from "rgasha" (beautiful) + "brum" (mountain) in Balti, hence it actually means "beautiful mountain." Gasherbrum I was designated K5 (meaning the 5th peak of the Karakoram) by T.G. Montgomerie in 1856 when he first spotted the peaks of the Karakoram from more than 200 km away during the Great Trigonometric Survey of India. In 1892, William Martin Conway provided the alternate name, Hidden Peak, in reference to its extreme remoteness. Gasherbrum I was first climbed on July 5, 1958, by Pete Schoening and And ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
