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24th Division (Spain)
The 24th Division was one of the divisions of the Spanish Republican Army that were organized during the Spanish Civil War on the basis of mixed brigades. Throughout the war, the unit was deployed on the Andalusian, Madrid, Aragon and Segre fronts, taking part in some of the main battles. History It was created on 3 April 1937, as a reserve of the Southern Army. During the previous weeks the division had been organizing in Alcaracejos, around the 25th Mixed Brigade. In June it joined the 9th Army Corps. The command of the unit was assumed by Miguel Gallo Martínez, former head of the 6th Mixed Brigade. The 24th Division subsequently moved to the Central front and took part in the Battle of Brunete, attacking south of Madrid. Shortly after, it was urgently sent to the Teruel front, where it participated in the arrest of the Francoist counteroffensive on the Albarracín sector, In July 1937, it also took part in the second phase of the Battle of Belchite. On 15 November 1937, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Republican Faction (Spanish Civil War)
The Republican faction ( es, Bando republicano), also known as the Loyalist faction () or the Government faction (), was the side in the Spanish Civil War of 1936 to 1939 that supported the government of the Second Spanish Republic against the Nationalist faction of the military rebellion. The name Republicans () was mainly used by its members and supporters, while its opponents used the term ''Rojos'' (Reds) to refer to this faction due to its left-leaning ideology, including far-left communist and anarchist groups, and the support it received from the Soviet Union. At the beginning of the war, the Republicans outnumbered the Nationalists by ten-to-one, but by January 1937 that advantage had dropped to four-to-one. Foreign support The Republican faction hardly received external support from the Allied powers of World War II, due to the International Non-Intervention Committee. The support of the USSR stands out, fundamentally. Together with Mexico, France and Poland at the be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albarracín
Albarracín () is a Spanish town, in the province of Teruel, part of the autonomous community of Aragon. According to the 2007 census (INE), the municipality had a population of 1075 inhabitants. Albarracín is the capital of the mountainous Sierra de Albarracín Comarca Albarracín is surrounded by stony hills and the town was declared a ''Monumento Nacional'' in 1961. The many red sandstone boulders and cliffs surrounding Albarracín make it a popular rock climbing location, particularly for boulderers. History The town is named for the Hawwara Berber dynasty of the Banu Razin which was their capital from the early eleventh century until it was taken by the Almoravids in 1104. From 1167 to 1300, Albarracín was an independent lordship known as the Sinyoría d'Albarrazín which was established after the partition of the Taifa of Albarracín under the control of Pedro Ruiz de Azagra. It was eventually conquered by Peter III of Aragon in 1284, and the ruling family, the Hou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francisco Señer Martín
Francisco Señor Martín (August 13, 1906, in Spain – August 16, 1973, in France) was a Spanish trade unionist. Biography A member of the National Confederation of Labor ( es, Confederación Nacional del Trabajo, CNT), in his youth was an active member of the metal union of the CNT in Barcelona. In 1932 he was a member of the National Committee of the CNT, whose general secretary was Manuel Rivas Barros, and the following year he was a delegate for the manufacturing sector in the Catalan regional plenum. After the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War he joined the confederal militias. He later became a political commissar of the People's Army of the Republic, serving in the 153rd Mixed Brigade as well as the 24th and 32nd divisions, operating on the fronts of Aragon and Catalonia. At the end of the war he went into exile in France. During the years of the Nazi occupation, he was one of the delegates in Toulouse of the clandestine leadership of the CNT - established i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communist Party Of Spain
The Communist Party of Spain ( es, Partido Comunista de España; PCE) is a Marxist-Leninist party that, since 1986, has been part of the United Left coalition, which is part of Unidas Podemos. It currently has two of its politicians serving as government ministers in the Spanish government, in the roles of Minister of Labour and Social Economy and Minister of Consumer Affairs respectively. The PCE was founded by 1921, after a split in the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party ( es, Partido Socialista Obrero Español; PSOE). The PCE was founded by those who opposed the social democratic wing of the PSOE, because the social democrat wing did not support the PSOE's integration in the Communist International founded by Vladimir Lenin two years prior. The PCE was a merger of the Spanish Communist Party ( es, Partido Comunista Español) and the Spanish Communist Workers' Party ( es, Partido Comunista Obrero Español). The PCE was first legalized after the proclamation of the Second S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catalonia Offensive
The Catalonia Offensive ( ca, Ofensiva de Catalunya, es, Ofensiva de Cataluña) was part of the Spanish Civil War. The Nationalist Army started the offensive on 23 December 1938 and rapidly conquered Republican-held Catalonia with Barcelona (the Republic's capital city from October 1937). Barcelona was captured on 26 January 1939. The Republican government headed for the French border. Thousands of people fleeing the Nationalists also crossed the frontier in the following month, to be placed in internment camps. Franco closed the border with France by 10 February 1939. Background After its defeat at the Battle of the Ebro the Republican Army was broken and would never recover. The Republicans had lost most of their armament and experienced units. Furthermore, in October 1938 the Republican government agreed to withdraw the volunteers of the International Brigades. On the other hand, the Nationalists received new supplies of ammunition, weapons and aircraft from Germany. Furth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Artesa De Segre
Artesa de Segre is a municipality in the ''comarca'' of the Noguera in Catalonia, Spain. It is situated in the valley of the Segre river, between Ponts and Balaguer. The municipal territory extends as far as the confluence of the Segre with the Boix. The Urgell canal runs through the municipality to the south of the Segre. The municipality is served by the C-1313 road between Balaguer and Ponts, and is linked to Agramunt by the L-302 road. Demography Subdivisions The municipality of Artesa de Segre include nineteen outlying villages: populations are given as of 2005. * Alentorn (143) * Anya (32) *Baldomar (127) *La Clua (19) *Colldelrat (33) *Collfred (29) *Colònia la Fàbrica *Comiols (7) *Folquer (4) *Montargull (57) *Montmagastre (22) *El Pont d'Alentorn (31) * Sant Marc del Batlliu (20) *Seró (93) * Tudela de Segre (108) *La Vall d'Ariet * Vall-Llebrera(35) * Vall-Llebrerola * La Vedrenya (15) *Vernet Vernet is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Segre River
The Segre ( or ; french: Sègre) is a river tributary to the Ebro (''Ebre'' in Catalan) with a basin comprising territories across three states: France, Andorra and Spain. The river Segre, known to Romans and Greeks as Sicoris, and to the Arabs of Al-Andalus as Nahr az-Zaytūn (نهر الزيتون, river of Olives) has its sources on the north face of the Pic del Segre or ''Puigmal de Segre'' ("Segre's Peak") in the French department Pyrénées-Orientales (historically the ''comarca'' of Alta Cerdanya), in the Catalan Pyrenees. It follows a western direction all along the Cerdanya (''Cerdagne'') Valley, and crosses the town Saillagouse, the Spanish exclave Llívia and Bourg-Madame. It enters Spain at Puigcerdà and continues west until La Seu d'Urgell, where it meets the Valira River coming from Andorra. From this point it adopts a south-western course across the pre-Pyrenees (with several dams along its gorges) and the western plains of Catalonia. It passes through Balague ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anarchism
Anarchism is a political philosophy and movement that is skeptical of all justifications for authority and seeks to abolish the institutions it claims maintain unnecessary coercion and hierarchy, typically including, though not necessarily limited to, governments, nation states, and capitalism. Anarchism advocates for the replacement of the state with stateless societies or other forms of free associations. As a historically left-wing movement, usually placed on the farthest left of the political spectrum, it is usually described alongside communalism and libertarian Marxism as the libertarian wing (libertarian socialism) of the socialist movement. Humans lived in societies without formal hierarchies long before the establishment of formal states, realms, or empires. With the rise of organised hierarchical bodies, scepticism toward authority also rose. Although traces of anarchist thought are found throughout history, modern anarchism emerged from the Enlightenment. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
25th Division (Spain)
The 25th Division was one of the Division (military unit), divisions of the Spanish Republican Army that were organized during the Spanish Civil War on the basis of the Mixed Brigades. It participated in the battles of Huesca Offensive, Huesca, Battle of Belchite (1937), Belchite, Battle of Teruel, Teruel and Levante Offensive, Levante. History The division was created in April 1937, within the incipient Eastern Army (Spain), Eastern Army. It was organized from the old Jubert Division, which in turn had been the former Ortiz Column of anarchist militiamen. The new unit was made up of the 116th Mixed Brigade, 116th, 117th Mixed Brigade, 117th, 118th Mixed Brigade, 118th mixed brigades, and a few weeks later was integrated into the also recently created 12th Army Corps (Spain), 12th Army Corps. In June it participated in the Huesca Offensive. On the night of June 9–10, troops from the 25th Division began a diversionary action on the enemy front, occupying various positions; The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antonio Ortiz Ramírez
Antonio Ortiz Ramírez (Barcelona, April 13, 1907 – April 2, 1996) was a prominent member of the National Confederation of Labor and the Iberian Anarchist Federation. He dedicated himself to woodworking throughout his life, held various positions of responsibility in the Barcelona Wood Union, belonged to the anarchist group "Nosotros", held the position of commander of the South Ebro Column, he also served an officer in the French Resistance and participated in a botched attack against Franco. After the Spanish Civil War he went into exile in Third French Republic, France and later in Latin America. Biography Childhood and adolescence He was born in the Poblenou neighborhood of Barcelona, the son of Valencians, Valencian emigrants from Pedralba. Poblenou, being an industrial center, developed a deep union life in which Ortiz participated: at the age of 8 or 9 he attended a talk by Ángel Pestaña and regularly attended the Flor de Mayo cooperative where cultural activities ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
104th Mixed Brigade
The 104th Mixed Brigade was a unit of the Spanish Republican Army created during the Spanish Civil War. Throughout the war it acted on the Extremadura, Aragon and Catalonia fronts. History The unit was created in March 1937 in Gandía and Alcoy from replacements from 1932 to 1935. In the training phase the command of the brigade fell to Luis Fernández Ortigosa, later passing to Manuel Santana Izquierdo. Some time later, the 104th Mixed Brigade was integrated into the 36th Division of the VII Army Corps, on the Extremadura front, covering the sector that went from the Algodor River to the town of Covisa. Shortly after his arrival at the front, Santana defected to the nationalists, being temporarily replaced by Hernando Liñán Castaño, followed by several other commanders. Posted on the front line for several months, it did not get to take part in important military actions; at the end of the year, the 104th Mixed Brigade passed to the general reserve of the Extrema ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aragon Offensive
The Aragon Offensive was an important military campaign during the Spanish Civil War, which began after the Battle of Teruel. The offensive, which ran from March 7, 1938, to April 19, 1938, smashed the Republican forces, overran Aragon, and conquered parts of Catalonia and the Levante. Introduction The Battle of Teruel exhausted the material resources of the Republican Army, and wore out the veteran Republican troops. A slowdown of supplies from the Soviet Union exacerbated the difficulties of the Republican government, whose armament industry in Catalonia was already beleaguered. At the same time, however, Francisco Franco had concentrated the bulk of the Nationalist forces in the east and was preparing to drive through Aragon and into Catalonia and the Levante. The Nationalists were able to concentrate 100,000 men between Zaragoza and Teruel with the best troops in the lead. Even though the Nationalist army was numerically inferior to the Republican forces, the Nationali ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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