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2022 Kazakh Presidential Election
Snap presidential elections were held in Kazakhstan on 20 November 2022 to elect the President of Kazakhstan. This was the seventh presidential election since Kazakhstan's independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. Incumbent president Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, an Independent, was re-elected for a second term in a landslide, receiving 81% of the vote. His closest challenger, Jiguli Dairabaev of the Auyl Party, received just 3% of the vote, marking the first time since 2015 that all candidates other than the incumbent president failed to garner 5% or more of the vote. This was the first election since 1999 in which the " against all" option was included on the ballot paper. It received 6% of the total vote. Voter turnout was 69%, the lowest ever in a Kazakh presidential election. Originally scheduled for December 2024, President Tokayev called for snap presidential elections in autumn 2022 in his annual State of the Nation Address in September 2022, where he also proposed changing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People's Coalition (Kazakhstan)
The People's Coalition (; russian: Народная коалиция), officially the People's Coalition of Political Parties and Public Associations "For the Reforms of Tokayev" (, ), is a political coalition in Kazakhstan formed on 6 October 2022 from various pro-government political parties and republican public associations in support of incumbent President of Kazakhstan, President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev's reelection bid for the 2022 Kazakh presidential election, 2022 presidential election. History On 6 October 2022, the ruling Amanat (political party), Amanat party chairman Erlan Qoşanov announced the creation of a People's Coalition to support Kassym-Jomart Tokayev in the 2022 Kazakh presidential election, 2022 snap presidential elections. Political scientists expressed the opinion that the Amanat party would become the core of the coalition. On the same day, a forum of the People's Coalition was held in Astana, in which representatives of the Amanat, the People's Party of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Percentage Point
A percentage point or percent point is the unit (measurement), unit for the Difference (mathematics), arithmetic difference between two percentages. For example, moving up from 40 percent to 44 percent is an increase of 4 percentage points, but a 10-percent increase in the quantity being measured. In literature, the unit is usually either written out, or abbreviated as ''pp'' or ''p.p.'' to avoid ambiguity. After the first occurrence, some writers abbreviate by using just "point" or "points". Differences between percentages and percentage points Consider the following hypothetical example: In 1980, 50 percent of the population smoked, and in 1990 only 40 percent of the population smoked. One can thus say that from 1980 to 1990, the prevalence of smoking decreased by 10 ''percentage points'' (or by 10 percent of the population) or by ''20 percent'' when talking about smokers only - percentages indicate proportionate part of a total. Percentage-point differences are one way to ex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saltanat Tursynbekova
Saltanat Parhatqyzy Tursynbekova (, ; born 1966) is a Kazakh attorney and civil rights activist who's serving as a deputy chairman of the National Commission on Women's Affairs and Family and Demographic Policy under the President and member of the Public Council of Astana. Throughout her career, Tursynbekova worked within the civil service and a number of law enforcement agencies. She is known to be an outspoken critic of domestic violence in Kazakhstan and as an advocate of women's and children's rights, was one of the founders of the "Kazakhstan Free from Domestic Violence" social project which focused on prevention and response to domestic violence. She is one of the candidates of the 2022 presidential elections and is a nominee of the Qazaq analary–dästürge jol public association. Biography Early life and education Born in Jambyl Region, Tursynbekova in the 1980s attended the S. M. Kirov Kazakh State University (now Al-Farabi Kazakh National University) and then ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oligarchy
Oligarchy (; ) is a conceptual form of power structure in which power rests with a small number of people. These people may or may not be distinguished by one or several characteristics, such as nobility, fame, wealth, education, or corporate, religious, political, or military control. Throughout history, power structures considered to be oligarchies have often been viewed as tyrannical, relying on public obedience or oppression to exist. Aristotle pioneered the use of the term as meaning rule by the rich, for which another term commonly used today is plutocracy. In the early 20th century Robert Michels developed the theory that democracies, like all large organizations, tend to turn into oligarchies. In his "Iron law of oligarchy" he suggests that the necessary division of labor in large organizations leads to the establishment of a ruling class mostly concerned with protecting their own power. Minority rule The exclusive consolidation of power by a dominant religious or et ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2021–2022 Inflation Surge
The 2021–2022 inflation surge is the higher-than-average economic inflation throughout much of the world that began in early 2021. It has been attributed to the 2021 global supply chain crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, and unexpected demands for certain goods. As a result, many countries have seen their highest rates of inflation in decades. Background and causes While there is no unanimous agreement by economists as to the exact cause of the inflation surge, there are several theories. Most attribute it to product shortages resulting from global supply-chain problems, largely caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Other causes cited include strong consumer demand; turmoil in the labor market; and the fact that 2021 prices are being compared to 2020 prices, which were depressed due to pandemic-related shutdowns. Additionally, many economists cite the unprecedented level of spending from the passage of COVID-19 relief programs by the Biden Administration as a key factor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
COVID-19 Pandemic
The COVID-19 pandemic, also known as the coronavirus pandemic, is an ongoing global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The novel virus was first identified in an outbreak in the Chinese city of Wuhan in December 2019. Attempts to contain it there failed, allowing the virus to spread to other areas of Asia and later worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the outbreak a public health emergency of international concern on 30 January 2020, and a pandemic on 11 March 2020. As of , the pandemic had caused more than cases and confirmed deaths, making it one of the deadliest in history. COVID-19 symptoms range from undetectable to deadly, but most commonly include fever, dry cough, and fatigue. Severe illness is more likely in elderly patients and those with certain underlying medical conditions. COVID-19 transmits when people breathe in air contaminated by droplets and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2022 Kazakh Constitutional Referendum
A constitutional referendum in Kazakhstan, locally called the Republican referendum (; ), was held on 5 June 2022. It was the third referendum since Kazakhstan's independence in 1991, and the first since the 1995 referendum that established the current constitution. The amendments followed violent civil unrest in early January caused by worsening economic conditions and subsequent calls for rapid political reform. The referendum changed 33 of the document's 98 articles. Political commentators assessed that amendments would lessen the influence of the executive branch, grant more powers to the Parliament, and eliminate the powers that former president Nursultan Nazarbayev had retained after resigning from office in 2019. President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev unveiled the proposed amendments during his early State of the Nation Address in March 2022. After Tokayev's announcements, he subsequently formed a working group in forming proposals for the constitutional changes along with th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2022 Kazakh Unrest
The 2022 Kazakh unrest, also known as Bloody January () or the January tragedy (), was a series of mass protests that began in Kazakhstan on 2 January 2022 after a sudden sharp increase in liquefied gas prices following the lifting of a government-enforced price cap on 1 January. The protests began peacefully in the oil-producing city of Zhanaozen and quickly spread to other cities in the country, especially the nation's largest city Almaty, which saw its demonstrations turn into violent riots, fueled by rising dissatisfaction with the government and economic inequality. During the week-long violent unrest and crackdowns, 227 people were killed and over 9,900 were arrested, according to Kazakh officials. Growing discontent with the government and the previous president, Nursultan Nazarbayev, who remained the chairman of the Security Council of Kazakhstan, also influenced larger demonstrations. As there were no popular opposition groups against the Kazakh government, the unrest a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nationwide Social Democratic Party
The Nationwide Social Democratic Party ( kk, Жалпы ұлттық социал-демократиялық партия, Jalpyūlttyq Sotsial-Demokratialyq Partia, JSDP), sometimes translated as the All-National Social Democratic Party, is a political party in Kazakhstan led by Ashat Raqymjanov. It was founded by a former presidential candidate and the Mazhilis Chairman, Zharmakhan Tuyakbay. The party was registered by the authorities on 25 January 2007, aiming to become a member of the Socialist International (SI) which happened in 2012 as the JSDP became consultative member, and then a full member in 2016. History On 7 August 2006, on the basis of the For a Just Kazakhstan (EQU) alliance, a meeting of the Initiative Group of Citizens on the creation of the Nationwide Social Democratic Party (JSDP) was held, which made a decision on the formation of the Republican Organizing Committee. From there, main program goals and objectives of the newly created party were discussed a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nurlan Auesbaev
Nurlan () is a Turkic masculine given name that is mostly common in Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. The name is essentially a combination of the Arabic word Noor (also spelled as "Nur") meaning ''light'', ''ray'' or ''shine'' and the Turkic word "Lan/Ulan" which means ''lion'' in most Turkic languages. Thus, the name itself can be translated into "''radiant lion''". Given name *Nurlan Balgimbayev (1947–2015), former Prime Minister of Kazakhstan * Nurlan Dulatbekov (born 1962), the Chancellor of Karagandy “Bolashak” University * Nurlan Iskakov, the Minister of Environmental Protection in the Government of Kazakhstan *Nurlan Koizhaiganov (born 1977), retired amateur Kazakh Greco-Roman wrestler, who competed in the men's lightweight category * Nurlan Mendygaliyev (born 1961), Kazakhstani former water polo player who competed in the 1988 Summer Olympics * Nurlan Motuev, a Kyrgyz politician *Nurlan Nigmatulin (born 1962), Kazakh politician, Chairman of the Mazhilis o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coalition Of Democratic Forces (Kazakhstan)
The Coalition of Democratic Forces ( kz, Демократиялық күштер коалициясы, Demokratialyq küşter koalitsiasy, DKK; russian: Коалиция демократических сил, Koaliciya demokraticheskikh sil, KDS) is a Kazakh opposition political alliance that was founded on 5 September 2022. The DKK opposed 2022 snap presidential elections and instead promised to organise protest rallies, but in parallel to preparing a single candidate for the presidential race in case the elections would not be postponed. History Following President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev's 2022 State of the Nation Address where he announced his candidacy for the snap presidential elections and a constitutional amendment in extending the presidential term to seven years while making it non-renewable, the Coalition of Democratic Forces (DKK) was subsequently formed in response and held its first conference on 5 September 2022 in Almaty. From there, the DKK expressed its oppos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amanat (political Party)
Amanat (), previously known as Nur Otan () until 2022, is a big tent political party in Kazakhstan. Being the largest to date, it has been the ruling party of the country from 1999, with a membership claiming to be of over 762,000 people in 2007.Kazakhstan: Ruling Party Gets Even Bigger RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty Amanat is led by since 26 April 2022. Under the 21-year leadership of former President since the party's founding, Amanat had constantly won Kazakhstan's [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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