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2021 Estonian Presidential Election
An indirect election took place in Estonia on 30 and 31 August 2021 to elect the president of Estonia, who is the country's head of state. The Riigikogu — the Parliament of Estonia — elected Alar Karis to serve in the office and he was sworn in as the 6th president on 11 October 2021. The incumbent, Kersti Kaljulaid, was eligible to seek reelection to a second, and final, term but failed to gain the endorsement of at least 21 MPs, which is required in order for a candidate to register, as she was outspoken against some of the policies of the government, who thus denied her support. The election, being one of an unopposed candidate (a first under the 1992 constitution), caused an outcry as it was compared with those held under the Soviet occupation of the country. Described as "unethical", it reignited previous calls for a reform of the electoral system, including direct election. Referencing the "turmoil that surrounded the presidential selection process" in his post election ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alar Karis - August 2021
Daminozide—also known as aminozide, Alar, Kylar, SADH, B-995, B-nine, and DMASA,—is a plant growth regulator, a chemical sprayed on fruit to regulate growth, make harvest easier, and keep apples from falling off the trees before they ripen so they are red and firm for storage. It was produced in the U.S. by the Uniroyal Chemical Company, Inc, (now integrated into the Chemtura Corporation), which registered daminozide for use on fruits intended for human consumption in 1963. In addition to apples and ornamental plants, they also registered it for use on cherries, peaches, pears, Concord grapes, tomato transplants, and peanut vines. Alar was first approved for use in the U.S. in 1963. It was primarily used on apples until 1989, when the manufacturer voluntarily withdrew it after the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency proposed banning it based on concerns about cancer risks to consumers. On fruit trees, daminozide affects flow-bud initiation, fruit-set maturity, fruit firmn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Estonia Piano Factory
Estonia Piano Factory ( et, Estonia Klaverivabrik) was founded in 1950 by in Tallinn, Estonia. The majority of Estonia pianos are now sold in the United States. History Ernst Hiis formed his own company, E. A. Ihse, in 1893. In 1915, he sold his business and worked for other companies. In 1923, he became the leading expert and manager of the Astron piano company. The Second World War and the subsequent occupation of Estonia by the Soviet Union stopped production of pianos in Estonia. The factories were destroyed. Only Ernst Hiis continued his grand piano production. In 1950, by the order of Joseph Stalin, based on The Peoples' Furniture Factory, the Tallinn Piano Factory was established, and the new piano was called Estonia. In April 1951, the first Estonia piano was presented to the State Board. From 1950 to 1990 the company was state-owned and made two grand piano models ( and ) for distribution throughout the Soviet Union. The company languished after the fall of the Sovie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Member Of The European Parliament
A Member of the European Parliament (MEP) is a person who has been elected to serve as a popular representative in the European Parliament. When the European Parliament (then known as the Common Assembly of the ECSC) first met in 1952, its members were directly appointed by the governments of member states from among those already sitting in their own national parliaments. Since 1979, however, MEPs have been elected by direct universal suffrage. Earlier European organizations that were a precursor to the European Union did not have MEPs. Each member state establishes its own method for electing MEPs – and in some states this has changed over time – but the system chosen must be a form of proportional representation. Some member states elect their MEPs to represent a single national constituency; other states apportion seats to sub-national regions for election. They are sometimes referred to as delegates. They may also be known as observers when a new country is seekin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2016 Estonian Presidential Election
An indirect election took place in Estonia in 2016 to elect the president of Estonia, who is the country's head of state. The Riigikogu — the Parliament of Estonia — elected Kersti Kaljulaid to be the next head of state of Estonia to succeed Toomas Hendrik Ilves, who had served his second and final term as president (as he was term-limited). Kaljulaid is the first female head of state of Estonia. Somewhat unusually, Kaljulaid was elected president only after other candidates could not be elected in three rounds of parliamentary voting and two rounds of voting by an electoral college consisting of members of Parliament and representatives of local governments of Estonia. Process By law, the president of Estonia is indirectly elected. The Riigikogu (Parliament) has the task of electing the president in the first instance. If no candidate received the required supermajority of two-thirds (68 votes out of 101), the president is selected by an electoral college consisting of MPs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minister Of Foreign Affairs (Estonia)
, insignia = Coat of arms of Estonia.svg , insigniasize = 80px , department = Ministry of Foreign Affairs , image = File:Urmas Reinsalu 2017-05-25 (cropped).jpg , incumbent = Urmas Reinsalu , incumbentsince = 18 July 2022 , acting = , formation = 24 February 1918 , first = Jaan Poska , website vm.ee The Minister of Foreign Affairs ( et, välisminister) is the senior minister at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs ( et, Eesti Vabariigi Välisministeerium) in the Estonian Government. The Minister is one of the most important members of the Estonian government, with responsibility for the relations between Estonia and foreign states. The Foreign Minister is chosen by the Prime Minister as a part of the government. The current Foreign Minister is Urmas Reinsalu. Office holders See also *Foreign relations of Estonia References {{Reflist External linksMinistry of Foreign Affairs official web site*https://www.un.org/webcast/ga/61/pdfs/estonia-e.pdf Foreign relations of Es ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marina Kaljurand
Marina Kaljurand (née Rajevskaja; born 6 September 1962) is an Estonian politician and Member of the European Parliament. Kaljurand served as Minister of Foreign Affairs in Taavi Rõivas' second cabinet as an independent. Earlier, she served as the Ambassador of Estonia to the United States, Russia, Mexico, Canada, Kazakhstan, and Israel. Early life and education Born in Tallinn, Kaljurand is of Latvian and Russian descent through her father and mother, respectively. She identifies herself as ethnically Russian. After obtaining her high school diploma in Tallinn, she graduated in 1986 from the University of Tartu, where she earned a master's degree in law (cum laude). She has also graduated from the Estonian School of Diplomacy and has acquired a master's degree in international law and diplomacy from Tufts University's Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy (F95) on a Fulbright Scholarship in the United States. Career Kaljurand formerly worked as the Undersecretary for Lega ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Commissioner For Digital Economy And Society
The Executive Vice President of the European Commission for A Europe Fit for the Digital Age is an Executive Vice President of the European Commission responsible for media and information issues such as telecoms and IT. The current officeholder is Margrethe Vestager since December 2019. The portfolio was previously ''Commissioner for Digital Economy and Society'' (previously ''for Digital Agenda''). Mariya Gabriel served as Digital Economy and Society Commissioner from 2017 to 2019. Viviane Reding Viviane Reding (2004-2010) found a relatively popular policy in seeking to lower roaming charges of mobile phones when travelling within the European Union, stating: "For years, mobile roaming charges have remained unjustifiably high. We are therefore tackling one of the last borders within Europe's internal market". Her legislation to cap roaming charges was approved by the Parliament in April 2007. Reding's successor Neelie Kroes greatly extended the range of the roaming regulati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prime Minister Of Estonia
The Prime Minister of Estonia ( Estonian: ''peaminister'') is the head of government of the Republic of Estonia. The prime minister is nominated by the president after appropriate consultations with the parliamentary factions and confirmed by the parliament (''Riigikogu''). In case of disagreement, the Parliament can reject the president's nomination and choose their own candidate. In practice, since the prime minister must maintain the confidence of Parliament in order to remain in office, they are usually the leader of the senior partner in the governing coalition. The current prime minister is Kaja Kallas of the Reform Party. She took the office on 26 January 2021 following the resignation of Jüri Ratas. In their role as appointed by the president, the prime minister does not head any specific ministry. Rather, in accordance with the constitution, they supervise of the work of the government. The prime minister's significance and role in the government and their relation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrus Ansip
Andrus Ansip (; born 1 October 1956) is an Estonian politician, a member of the European Parliament, the former European Commissioner for Digital Single Market and Vice President of the European Commission, in office from 2014 until 2019. Previously, he was Prime Minister of Estonia from 2005 to 2014 and chairman of the liberal Estonian Reform Party ( et, Reformierakond) from 2004 to 2014. Before his entry into politics Ansip trained as a chemist, before working in banking and business. He entered Parliament in 2004, quickly becoming Minister of Economic Affairs, and subsequently Prime Minister in April 2005. On 1 November 2014, he was appointed to the European Commission. Early life and business career Born in Tartu, Ansip graduated from the University of Tartu with a degree in Chemistry in 1979. He worked as an engineer at the university from 1979 to 1983 (with a two-year break for mandatory military service). He was an instructor in the Industry Department and Head of the Or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minister Of Education And Research (Estonia)
The Minister of Education and Research is the senior government minister, minister at the Ministry of Education and Research (Estonia), Ministry of Education and Research (''Estonian language, Estonian: Eesti Vabariigi Haridus- ja Teadusministeerium'') in the Estonian Government. The Minister is responsible for administration and development of Estonian educational system as well as for administration and funding of research and development activities on national level. The Minister of Education and Research is chosen by the Prime Minister of Estonia, Prime Minister as a part of the government. The current Minister of Education and Research is Tõnis Lukas, who took the position on 18 July 2022. The Minister is assisted in his/her work by the Deputy Minister, Secretary General, Secretary for General and Vocational Education, Secretary for Higher Education and Research, and Secretary for Youth Affairs and Foreign Relations. History Post of the Minister of Education was created at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minister Of Defence (Estonia)
The Minister of Defence (''Estonian: Kaitseminister'') is the senior minister at the Ministry of Defence (''Kaitseministeerium'') in the Estonian Government. The minister is one of the most important members of the Estonian government, with responsibility for coordinating the governments policies on national defence and the military forces. The defence minister is chosen by the prime minister as a part of the government. When the position was originally established in 1918, it was called the minister of war (''Sõjaminister''). The post was renamed minister of defence on April 1, 1929, but would change back to minister of war in 1937. Though the name of the position, and subsequently the ministry, was changed, the main responsibilities of the position remained virtually same. Since Estonia regained its independence in 1991 the post has been known as the minister of defence. List of Ministers 1918 to 1929 (Minister of War) 1929 to 1937 (Minister of Defence) 1937 to 1940 (M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jaak Aaviksoo
Jaak Aaviksoo (born 11 January 1954) is an Estonian politician and physicist, a former rector of the University of Tartu and Tallinn University of Technology (TalTech). Aaviksoo has been the Estonian Minister of Defence and Minister of Education and Research, he was a member of the liberal conservative party Union of Pro Patria and Res Publica. Jaak Aaviksoo is the first rector in Estonia who is also an academician. Education and career in science Aaviksoo was born in Tartu. After graduating from Tartu Secondary School No. 2 (present-day Miina Härma Gymnasium) in 1971, he entered the Tartu State University physics department in the chemistry-physics faculty and graduated ''cum laude'' in the field of theoretical physics in 1976. From 1976 to 1992 he was first junior, then senior and then leading scientist at the Physics Institute of the Estonian Academy of Sciences (named ''Academy of Sciences of the Estonian SSR'' until 1988). There he also became a PhD in Physics (Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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