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2020 Summer Olympics Cauldron
The 2020 Summer Olympics cauldron was made for the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan. In fact, there were two cauldrons, one was scenographic inside the Olympic Stadium that was inside the Olympic stadium and was used only at the (opening and closing ceremony only) and the true,which is located on Tokyo's new waterfront on Ariake West Canal, which was lit after the Opening Ceremony and remained alight throughout the Games. The cauldron was designed by Canadian-Japanese designer Oki Sato, who attended Waseda University, the same university as Yoshinori Sakai, the cauldron-lighter in 1964. The steps to reach the cauldron, symbolising Mount Fuji, were "designed to evoke the image of a blooming sakura flower." Designed by Nendo founder Oki Sato, the white cauldron evokes the opening ceremony's concept of "All gather under the sun, all are equal, and all receive energy". The panels opened to reveal the Olympic torch, at the ending of the opening ceremony, and was lit by Japanes ...
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Oki Sato
Oki Sato (佐藤 オオキ, Satō Ōki, born 24 December 1977) is a Japanese architect, designer, and the founder of the Nendo design studio. He was born in Toronto, Canada, attended Waseda University in Tokyo and graduated in 2002 with a Masters of Arts degree in architecture. He subsequently founded Nendo in his parents garage in Tokyo. He has said that "Design is about making decisions. A person can only make a certain amount of decisions each day, 's really important to keep your mind empty." Sato also mentions in several interviews that meeting Issey Miyake had a significant influence in his work and practice. His first exhibition, called "Streeterior", was introduced in Tokyo and then in Milan, Italy in 2003. Sato has received several prizes such as Good Design Award, German Design Award, Elle Deco International Design Award, and was named the "Designer of the Year" by Wallpaper magazine in 2012. He designed the cauldron for the 2020 Summer Olympics The , ...
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Hydrogen
Hydrogen is the chemical element with the symbol H and atomic number 1. Hydrogen is the lightest element. At standard conditions hydrogen is a gas of diatomic molecules having the formula . It is colorless, odorless, tasteless, non-toxic, and highly combustible. Hydrogen is the most abundant chemical substance in the universe, constituting roughly 75% of all normal matter.However, most of the universe's mass is not in the form of baryons or chemical elements. See dark matter and dark energy. Stars such as the Sun are mainly composed of hydrogen in the plasma state. Most of the hydrogen on Earth exists in molecular forms such as water and organic compounds. For the most common isotope of hydrogen (symbol 1H) each atom has one proton, one electron, and no neutrons. In the early universe, the formation of protons, the nuclei of hydrogen, occurred during the first second after the Big Bang. The emergence of neutral hydrogen atoms throughout the universe occurred about 370,000 ...
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Olympic Flame
The Olympic flame is a symbol used in the Olympic movement. It is also a symbol of continuity between ancient and modern games. Several months before the Olympic Games, the Olympic flame is lit at Olympia, Greece. This ceremony starts the Olympic torch relay, which formally ends with the lighting of the Olympic cauldron during the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games. The flame then continues to burn in the cauldron for the duration of the Games, until it is extinguished during the Olympic closing ceremony. Origins The Olympic flame as a symbol of the modern Olympic movement was introduced by architect Jan Wils who designed the stadium for the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam. The idea for the Olympic flame was derived from ancient Greek ceremonies where a sacred fire was kept burning throughout the celebration of the ancient Olympics on the altar of the sanctuary of Hestia. In Ancient Greek mythology, fire had divine connotations and it was thought to have been stolen fr ...
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2021 Establishments In Japan
1 (one, unit, unity) is a number representing a single or the only entity. 1 is also a numerical digit and represents a single unit of counting or measurement. For example, a line segment of ''unit length'' is a line segment of length 1. In conventions of sign where zero is considered neither positive nor negative, 1 is the first and smallest positive integer. It is also sometimes considered the first of the infinite sequence of natural numbers, followed by  2, although by other definitions 1 is the second natural number, following  0. The fundamental mathematical property of 1 is to be a multiplicative identity, meaning that any number multiplied by 1 equals the same number. Most if not all properties of 1 can be deduced from this. In advanced mathematics, a multiplicative identity is often denoted 1, even if it is not a number. 1 is by convention not considered a prime number; this was not universally accepted until the mid-20th century. Additionally, 1 is the ...
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2016 Summer Olympics Cauldron
The 2016 Summer Olympics cauldron ( pt, Pira Olímpica Rio 2016) was made for the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. In fact, there were two cauldrons, one in the Maracanã Stadium for ceremonial use, and another on Rio's new waterfront Boulevard Olímpico, opposite the 19th-century Neoclassical Candelária Church, which was lit after the Opening Ceremony and remained alight throughout the Games. They both featured small flame cauldrons backed by much larger kinetic sculptures created by the American artist Anthony Howe. The ceremonial version spans in diameter. Howe, in his work, wished to "replicate the sun, using movement to mimic its pulsing energy and reflection of light." After the 2016 Summer Olympics the waterfront cauldron has remained in place as a reminder of the Games. References See also * 2008 Summer Olympics cauldron * 2010 Winter Olympics cauldron * 2012 Summer Olympics and Paralympics cauldron * 2014 Winter Olympics cauldron * 2020 Summer Olym ...
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2014 Winter Olympics Cauldron
The 2014 Winter Olympics cauldron was erected for the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia. See also * 2008 Summer Olympics cauldron * 2010 Winter Olympics cauldron * 2012 Summer Olympics and Paralympics cauldron * 2016 Summer Olympics cauldron External links * 2014 establishments in Russia Cauldron A cauldron (or caldron) is a large pot (kettle) for cooking or boiling over an open fire, with a lid and frequently with an arc-shaped hanger and/or integral handles or feet. There is a rich history of cauldron lore in religion, mythology, and ... Olympic flame {{Russia-struct-stub ...
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2012 Summer Olympics And Paralympics Cauldron
The 2012 Summer Olympics and Paralympics cauldron was used for the Olympic flame during the 2012 Summer Olympics, Summer Olympics and 2012 Summer Paralympics, Paralympics of London 2012. The Olympic flame#Cauldron, cauldron was designed by Thomas Heatherwick and described as "one of the best-kept secrets of the opening ceremony": until it was lit during the Olympics ceremony, neither its design and location, nor who would light it, had been revealed. For the Olympics it consisted of 204 individual 'petals', and for the Paralympics 164, one for each competing nation. Commission and design British designer Thomas Heatherwick was chosen by Danny Boyle to design the cauldron for the 2012 London Summer Olympics and Paralympic Games (the same design would serve both).''Danny Boyle: Creating Wonder'' Amy Raphael, London: Faber and Faber, 2013, p. 406 Heatherwick was a highly regarded designer, responsible for the first prize-winning UK pavilion at Expo 2010, "Seed Cathedral" at the Exp ...
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2010 Winter Olympics Cauldron
The 2010 Winter Olympics cauldron was erected for the 2010 Winter Olympics at Jack Poole Plaza in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. See also * 2008 Summer Olympics cauldron * 2012 Summer Olympics and Paralympics cauldron * 2014 Winter Olympics cauldron * 2016 Summer Olympics cauldron External links * 2010 establishments in British Columbia Cauldron A cauldron (or caldron) is a large pot ( kettle) for cooking or boiling over an open fire, with a lid and frequently with an arc-shaped hanger and/or integral handles or feet. There is a rich history of cauldron lore in religion, mythology, and ... Coal Harbour Olympic flame {{Vancouver-stub ...
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2008 Summer Olympics Cauldron
The 2008 Summer Olympics cauldron is the Olympic flame holder that was used during the 2008 Summer Olympics and the 2008 Summer Paralympics in Beijing, China. It was first lit on August 8, 2008, as part of the opening ceremony of the Games of the XXIX Olympiad and last extinguished as part of the closing ceremony of the games of the Paralympics on September 17. Originally located on the inside roof of the Beijing National Stadium, it was relocated to outside the stadium on the Olympic Green following the completion of the Games. Design and production The Cauldron was designed by Chinese Technology Company Lenovo, who also designed the Olympic torch. It, along with the rim of the stadium's roof were designed to look like an unrolling scroll, with the cauldron itself representing the end of the scroll, spiralling up above the stadium. Decorated with cloud imprinting and an outer red lining, which according to Lenovo, was part of a motif meant to represent 'clouds of promise'. The d ...
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Sodium Carbonate
Sodium carbonate, , (also known as washing soda, soda ash and soda crystals) is the inorganic compound with the formula Na2CO3 and its various hydrates. All forms are white, odourless, water-soluble salts that yield moderately alkaline solutions in water. Historically, it was extracted from the ashes of plants growing in sodium-rich soils. Because the ashes of these sodium-rich plants were noticeably different from ashes of wood (once used to produce potash), sodium carbonate became known as "soda ash". It is produced in large quantities from sodium chloride and limestone by the Solvay process. Hydrates Sodium carbonate is obtained as three hydrates and as the anhydrous salt: * sodium carbonate decahydrate (natron), Na2CO3·10H2O, which readily efflorescence, effloresces to form the monohydrate. * sodium carbonate heptahydrate (not known in mineral form), Na2CO3·7H2O. * sodium carbonate monohydrate (thermonatrite), Na2CO3·H2O. Also known as crystal carbonate. * anhydrous sodium ...
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Propane
Propane () is a three-carbon alkane with the molecular formula . It is a gas at standard temperature and pressure, but compressible to a transportable liquid. A by-product of natural gas processing and petroleum refining, it is commonly used as a fuel in domestic and industrial applications and in low-emissions public transportation. Discovered in 1857 by the French chemist Marcellin Berthelot, it became commercially available in the US by 1911. Propane is one of a group of liquefied petroleum gases (LP gases). The others include butane, propylene, butadiene, butylene, isobutylene, and mixtures thereof. Propane has lower volumetric energy density, but higher gravimetric energy density and burns more cleanly than gasoline and coal. Propane gas has become a popular choice for barbecues and portable stoves because its low −42 °C boiling point makes it vaporise inside pressurised liquid containers (2 phases). Propane powers buses, forklifts, taxis, outboard boat motors, and ic ...
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Green Hydrogen
Green hydrogen (GH2 or GH2) is hydrogen generated by renewable energy or from low-carbon power. Green hydrogen has significantly lower carbon emissions than grey hydrogen, which is produced by steam reforming of natural gas, which makes up the bulk of the hydrogen market. Green hydrogen produced by the electrolysis of water is less than 0.1% of total hydrogen production. It may be used to decarbonize sectors which are hard to electrify, such as steel and cement production, and thus help to limit climate change. The high cost of production is the main factor behind the low use of green hydrogen. Nonetheless, the hydrogen market is expected to grow, with some forecasts of the cost of hydrogen production falling from $6/kg in 2015 to around $2/kg by 2025. In 2020, major European companies announced plans to switch their truck fleets to hydrogen power. Green hydrogen can be blended into existing natural gas pipelines, and also used to produce green ammonia, the main constituent ...
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