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2020 Iranian Legislative Election
Legislative elections were held in Iran on 21 February 2020, four years after the previous legislative election in 2016. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran, the second round, to elect eleven seats, was postponed until 11 September 2020. Candidates had to be approved by the Guardian Council, and of the 14,000 applying to run for the Islamic Consultative Assembly legislature, 6,850 were rejected, including 90 current members of the Assembly (who were approved to run in the last election). "Moderates and conservatives" were mostly rejected by the Council and "hardliners" approved (according to Parisa Hefzi); while another observer believed some of the rejected were corrupt and others lacking sufficient loyalty to the regime. Background Electoral system The 290-seat Islamic Consultative Assembly consists of 285 directly elected members and five seats reserved for the Zoroastrians, Jews, Assyrian and Chaldean Christians and Armenians (one for Armenians in the north of Iran a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Percentage Point
A percentage point or percent point is the unit for the arithmetic difference between two percentages. For example, moving up from 40 percent to 44 percent is an increase of 4 percentage points, but a 10-percent increase in the quantity being measured. In literature, the unit is usually either written out, or abbreviated as ''pp'' or ''p.p.'' to avoid ambiguity. After the first occurrence, some writers abbreviate by using just "point" or "points". Differences between percentages and percentage points Consider the following hypothetical example: In 1980, 50 percent of the population smoked, and in 1990 only 40 percent of the population smoked. One can thus say that from 1980 to 1990, the prevalence of smoking decreased by 10 ''percentage points'' (or by 10 percent of the population) or by ''20 percent'' when talking about smokers only - percentages indicate proportionate part of a total. Percentage-point differences are one way to express a risk or probability. Consider a drug ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iranian Reformists
The Reformists ( fa, اصلاحطلبان, Eslâh-Talabân) are a political faction in Iran. Iran's "reform era" is sometimes said to have lasted from 1997 to 2005—the length of President Mohammad Khatami's two terms in office. The Council for Coordinating the Reforms Front is the main umbrella organization and coalition within the movement; however, there are reformist groups not aligned with the council, such as the Reformists Front. Background Organizations The 2nd of Khordad Movement usually refers not only to the coalition of 18 groups and political parties of the reforms front but to anyone else who was a supporter of the 1997 reform programs of Khatami. The ideology of Khatami and the movement is based on Islamic democracy. The reforms front consists of several political parties, some of the most famous including the following : * Islamic Iran Participation Front: key figures are Mohammad Reza Khatami, Saeed Hajjarian, Alireza Alavitabar, Abbas Abdi, Moh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
COVID-19 Pandemic In Iran
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious disease caused by a virus, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The first known case was COVID-19 pandemic in Hubei, identified in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. The disease quickly spread worldwide, resulting in the COVID-19 pandemic. The symptoms of COVID‑19 are variable but often include fever, cough, headache, fatigue, breathing difficulties, Anosmia, loss of smell, and Ageusia, loss of taste. Symptoms may begin one to fourteen days incubation period, after exposure to the virus. At least a third of people who are infected Asymptomatic, do not develop noticeable symptoms. Of those who develop symptoms noticeable enough to be classified as patients, most (81%) develop mild to moderate symptoms (up to mild pneumonia), while 14% develop severe symptoms (dyspnea, Hypoxia (medical), hypoxia, or more than 50% lung involvement on imaging), and 5% develop critical symptoms (respiratory failure ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2016 Iranian Legislative Election
Parliamentary elections were held in Iran on 26 February 2016 to elect members of the Islamic Consultative Assembly for all seats in the 10th parliament in the Islamic Republic era and the 34th since the Persian Constitutional Revolution. A second round was held on 29 April 2016 for some constituencies where candidates failed to obtain the required minimum 25 percent of votes cast. The elected MPs served from 28 May 2016 to 27 May 2020. The election was held as part of a general election which also elected members of the Assembly of Experts. This election was the first time that both bodies were elected simultaneously. There were 54,915,024 registered voters (in Iran, the voting age is 18). More than 12,000 people filed to run for office. 5,200 candidates, mostly Reformists, were rejected by the Guardian Council and 612 individuals withdrew. Electoral system The 290-seat Islamic Consultative Assembly has 285 directly elected members and five seats reserved for the Zoroastri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iran
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmenistan to the north, by Afghanistan and Pakistan to the east, and by the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south. It covers an area of , making it the 17th-largest country. Iran has a population of 86 million, making it the 17th-most populous country in the world, and the second-largest in the Middle East. Its largest cities, in descending order, are the capital Tehran, Mashhad, Isfahan, Karaj, Shiraz, and Tabriz. The country is home to one of the world's oldest civilizations, beginning with the formation of the Elamite kingdoms in the fourth millennium BC. It was first unified by the Medes, an ancient Iranian people, in the seventh century BC, and reached its territorial height in the sixth century BC, when Cyrus the Gr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friends Of Hashemi
Friends of Hashemi ( fa, یاران هاشمی, Yaran-e Hashemi, referring to supporters of Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani) was an electoral list for the 2020 Iranian legislative election, which was announced by the Executives of Construction Party and subsequently endorsed by the Moderation and Development Party. In May 2019, the Executives of Construction Party released a statement declaring its intent to participate in the election without any preconditions, a position regarded in minority among the reformist camp. Although the leading members of the party were unable to run as a result of vast disqualifications by the Guardian Council The Guardian Council, (also called Council of Guardians or Constitutional Council, fa, شورای نگهبان, Shourā-ye Negahbān) is an appointed and constitutionally mandated 12-member council that wields considerable power and influence i ..., the party declared that they would present a list of 12 candidates for the 30 seats in the biggest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coalition Of Eight Reformist Parties
The Coalition of Eight Reformist Parties ( fa, ائتلاف هشت حزب اصلاحطلب) refers to the political alliance of eight reformist parties that endorsed a joint electoral list for 2020 Iranian legislative election in Tehran electoral district. The group was formed after the main umbrella group of the camp, the Reformists' Council for Policymaking, declared that it won't compile a list as a result of vast disqualifications by the Guardian Council, while allowing the parties within to form their own coalitions. It was one of the two lists spawned from the camp, the other being Friends of Hashemi. The coalition was initially supposed to be formed by twelve parties, and its tentative title was 'Reformists in the Capital'. At last, four of those parties were not present in the coalition and the name ''Etelaf Barayeh Iran'' ( fa, ائتلاف برای ایران, lit=Coalition for Future of Iran) was selected for the list. It was headed by Majid Ansari of Association o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deviant Current
The "deviant current" or "current of deviation" ( fa, جریان انحرافی, Jarīān-e Enherāfī) is a term used by Iranian officials (e.g. high-ranking clerics, Revolutionary Guards commanders) and conservative rivals of Mahmoud Ahmadinejad to describe Ahmadinejad's entourage which functions like a faction or party. Ahmadinejad had some tendency toward Iranian nationalism which deviated from the clerics' theocratic rule, hence top clerics labeled the faction associated with him as "deviant current". The term was coined in 2011, after an open conflict between Ahmadinejad and the Supreme leader Ali Khamenei. People People who have been described as associated with the "deviant current" include: * Mahmoud Ahmadinejad * Esfandiar Rahim Mashaei, described as the leader of the movement * Hamid Baghaei * Mohammad Reza Rahimi * Ali Nikzad * Mojtaba Samareh Hashemi * Mohammed Sharif Malekzadeh * Mohammad Aliabadi * Ali Akbar Javanfekr * Abdolreza Davari, senior media figur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Campaign For Justice-seeking Parliament
The Campaign for Justice-seeking Parliament ( fa, پویش مجلس عدالتخواه) or simply the Justice Seekers ( fa, عدالتخواهان, Edalatkhahan) are a group of conservatives who compiled an electoral list for 2020 Iranian legislative election. Origins and political position With most members belonging to the younger generation, they maintain close ties to the university campuses in Tehran, as well as other major cities. The group has been spawned from inside the conservative camp. It is described as possessing " left-leaning tendencies" by Al-Monitor, while in 2019 Radio Farda called the group right-wing. According to Farhad Rezaei, despite senior members of the group have previously cooperated with Basij, leadership of Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps had not sided with them in the past. Before, they had actively supported Saeed Jalili's campaign for 2013 presidential election. Ideologically, the group is not only against the reformists, but als ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coalition Council Of Islamic Revolution Forces
Coalition Council of Islamic Revolution Forces ( fa, شورای ائتلاف نیروهای انقلاب اسلامی) is a conservative coalition of parties that endorsed a joint electoral list for 2020 Iranian legislative election. Reuters described the coalition as the "biggest hardline group" in the elections and "expected to dominate" the parliament. The list includes Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf on top of its list, and other candidates include former members of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps and Basij, as well as other figures loyal to Ali Khamenei. The coalition failed to form an electoral pact with the far-right Front of Islamic Revolution Stability Front of Islamic Revolution Stability ( fa, جبههٔ پایداری انقلاب اسلامی, Jebha-ye pāydārī-e enqelāb-e eslāmī, also translated Persevering Front, Endurance Front and Steadfast Front) is an Iranian principlist politica .... References {{Iran-party-stub 2019 establishments in Iran Pol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Electoral List
An electoral list is a grouping of candidates for election, usually found in proportional or mixed electoral systems, but also in some plurality electoral systems. An electoral list can be registered by a political party (a party list) or can constitute a group of independent candidates. Lists can be open, in which case electors have some influence over the ranking of the winning candidates, or closed, in which case the order of candidates is fixed at the registration of the list. Electoral lists are required for party-list proportional representation systems. An electoral list is made according to the applying nomination rules and election rules. Depending on the type of election, a political party, a general assembly, or a board meeting, may elect or appoint a nominating committee that will add, and if required, prioritize list-candidates according to their preferences. Qualification, popularity, gender, age, geography, and occupation are preferences that may influence th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf
Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf or Mohammad Baqer Qalibaf ( fa, محمد باقر قالیباف, born 23 August 1961) is an Iranian conservative politician, former military officer, and current Speaker of the Parliament of Iran since 2020. He held office as the Mayor of Tehran from 2005 to 2017. Ghalibaf was formerly Iran's Chief of police from 2000 to 2005 and commander of the Revolutionary Guards' Air Force from 1997 to 2000. He holds a Ph.D. in political geography from Tarbiat Modares University. He is also a pilot, certified to fly certain Airbus aircraft. He began his military career during the Iran–Iraq War in 1980. He became chief commander of the Imam Reza Brigade in 1982 and was chief commander of Nasr Division from 1983 to 1984. After the end of the war, he became Managing-Director of Khatam al-Anbia, an engineering firm controlled by the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps and was appointed as commander of the IRGC Air Force in 1996 by Ali Khamenei. Four years later, h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
