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2009 Democratic Party (Italy) Leadership Election
The 2009 Democratic Party leadership election was held in July–November 2009, following the resignation of Walter Veltroni in February 2009, after 16 months as secretary of the Democratic Party (PD), a political party in Italy. Pier Luigi Bersani, a former minister in several centre-left governments hailing from the Italian Communist Party (then Democratic Party of the Left and Democrats of the Left), was elected secretary in an open primary on 25 October. Three million Democratic supporters turned out to vote and it was a real fight between three candidates, with Bersani winning with only 53% of the votes cast. Bersani was declared new secretary of the party during the first meeting of the party's new national assembly elected on 7 November 2009. On that occasion Rosy Bindi was elected president of the party (with Marina Sereni and Ivan Scalfarotto vice-presidents), while Enrico Letta and Antonio Misiani were nominated deputy-secretary and treasurer, respectively. Backgroun ...
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Pier Luigi Bersani Daticamera 2013
image:Brighton Pier, Brighton, East Sussex, England-2Oct2011 (1).jpg, Seaside pleasure pier in Brighton, England. The first seaside piers were built in England in the early 19th century. A pier is a raised structure that rises above a body of water and usually juts out from its shore, typically supported by piling, piles or column, pillars, and provides above-water access to offshore areas. Frequent pier uses include fishing, boat docking and access for both passengers and cargo, and oceanside recreation. Bridges, buildings, and walkways may all be supported by Pier (architecture), architectural piers. Their open structure allows tides and currents to flow relatively unhindered, whereas the more solid foundations of a quay or the closely spaced piles of a wharf can act as a Breakwater (structure), breakwater, and are consequently more liable to silting. Piers can range in size and complexity from a simple lightweight wooden structure to major structures extended over . In Amer ...
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Ivan Scalfarotto
Ivan Scalfarotto (born 16 August 1965) is an Italian politician and activist, committed to LGBT rights. A member of the Italian Parliament, he is a Deputy Minister at the Italian Ministry of Interior. Previously a Deputy Minister at the Ministry of Constitutional Reforms (2014–2016), the Ministry of Economic development (2016–2018) where he was in charge of international trade, and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation (2019–2021), in 2005 Scalfarotto ran to the become the national leader of The Union, the centre-left coalition, in the primary elections that were held to identify their candidate to lead the Italian Government. Between 2009 and 2013 he was a Deputy Chairperson of the Democratic Party. In the 2013 and 2018 general elections he was elected to the Italian Parliament ( Chamber of Deputies). In September 2019 he abandoned the Democratic Party to join Italia Viva, former PM Matteo Renzi's newly created political movement. In 2015 and 2016 ...
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Teodem
Teodem (translatable as ''Theo-Democrats'') is a Christian-democratic faction with the Italian Democratic Party, which combines social-conservative views on ethical issues with a Christian leftist approach on economic issues. In the run-up of the 2006 general election Francesco Rutelli, leader of Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy, recruited some devout Catholics, notably Paola Binetti (president of the committee against the referendum on limiting the restrictions to artificial insemination) and Luigi Bobba (leader of the "Christian Associations of Italian Workers", a leading Catholic association), to run in party lists for the Senate, in order to balance the choice of a joint-list with the left-wing Democrats of the Left for the Chamber of Deputies. In the 2006–2008 parliamentary term three senators (Luigi Bobba, Patrizia Binetti and Emanuela Baio Dossi) and three deputies ( Dorina Bianchi, Enzo Carra and Marco Calgaro) were affiliated to the Theo-Dems. Due to the razor-th ...
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Liberal PD
Liberal PD ( it, Liberal PD) is a social-liberal faction within the Democratic Party (PD), a political party in Italy. The aim of the group is to promote liberal ideas within the party and elect liberal candidates. The faction, through the Italian Liberal Group, is an observer member of the Liberal International. Liberal PD was launched on 26 January 2008 by Enzo Bianco (former member of the Italian Republican Party, PRI and Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy, DL), Franco Bassanini (former member of the Italian Socialist Party, PSI and the Democrats of the Left, DS), Valerio Zanone (former leader of the Italian Liberal Party and member of DL) and Enrico Morando (leader of Liberal DS). Walter Veltroni, PD leader, attended the convention. More than 40 leading Democrats signed the "Liberal" Manifesto. Most former Republicans within the party, including Antonio Maccanico, Stefano Passigli, Giorgio Bogi (former leader of Republican Left), Giuseppe Ossorio (former leader of the De ...
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Democratic Ecologists
The Democratic Ecologists ( it, Ecologisti Democratici, EcoDem or ED) are a green faction within the Italian Democratic Party (PD). Launched by Ermete Realacci and Fabrizio Vigni, the faction is composed by both former members of Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy (Realacci, Roberto Della Seta, Francesco Ferrante, etc.) and the Democrats of the Left (Vigni, Sergio Gentili, Gianni Mattioli, Edo Ronchi, Massimo Scalia, etc.). Most of these people were once members of the Federation of the Greens who left it between 1999 and 2004, after Luigi Manconi (who also joined the Democrats) left the party's leadership and the Greens experienced a far-left political transformation under Grazia Francescato and Alfonso Pecoraro Scanio. The EcoDem fought the election for the Constituent Assembly of the Democratic Party on 14 October 2007 within the Environment, Innovation, Labour list, led by Realacci along with Giovanna Melandri and Luigi Nicolais. The list scored 8.1% at the election ...
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Free Democrats (Italy)
The Free Democrats (''Liberi Democratici'', LD) were the centrist faction within the Democratic Party (PD), a political party in Italy, around Francesco Rutelli, former leader of Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy, one of the two main parties that merged to form the PD in 2007. The faction was launched by Rutelli in June 2009 during a convention in Rome. The group comprised both liberals and Christian democrats who wanted the PD to be modelled on the example of the United States Democratic Party and consider social democracy as obsolete in the 21st century. In fact the followers of Rutelli, the so-called ''Rutelliani'', included both the secular-liberal faction of the late DL (Paolo Gentiloni, Ermete Realacci and his group of ecologists, Linda Lanzillotta, Gianni Vernetti, Roberto Giachetti, etc.), who represented the more free market-oriented wing of the PD, and the socially conservative Teodems (Paola Binetti, Luigi Bobba, Enzo Carra, Donato Mosella, etc.), who were on the righ ...
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Francesco Rutelli
Francesco Rutelli (born 14 June 1954) is an Italian journalist and former politician, who is the president of '' Anica'', National Association of Film and Audiovisual Industry, since October 2016. He also chairs the "Centro per un Futuro Sostenibile" (Centre for a Sustainable Future – a bipartisan think tank on climate change and environmental issues). He was during 15 years co-president of the European Democratic Party, a centrist European political party and he is now President of the Institute of European Democrats, EDP political foundation. He has been Mayor of Rome 1994–2001, and president of the centrist party Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy 2002–2007. He was the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Culture and Tourism in the second cabinet of Prime Minister Romano Prodi 2006–2008. Currently he also chairs Priorità Cultura (''Culture First''); Incontro di Civiltà (''Civilizations Meeting''); Videocittà, Moving Images Festival (Rome, 2018–2019). Biograp ...
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The Populars
The Populars (''I Popolari'') is a loose association within the Democratic Party (PD), a political party in Italy. The Populars are the heirs of the Italian People's Party (PPI), a Christian-democratic party of the Christian left, and of the left-wing of the Christian Democracy (DC). In 2002–2007 the Populars, led by Franco Marini and Ciriaco De Mita, were the majority faction within Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy, before merging into the PD. In the 2007 Democratic Party primary election around 600 Populars were elected to the party Constituent Assembly. Leading members of the association have included Marini, De Mita (who left the PD over disagreements with party leader Walter Veltroni in early 2008), Pierluigi Castagnetti, Giuseppe Fioroni, Antonello Soro, Rosy Bindi, Enrico Letta and Dario Franceschini (deputy secretary of the party under Veltroni and, later, secretary). Bindi and Letta have been respectively leaders of Democrats Really and the 360 Association ...
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Veltroniani
Veltroniani referred to the followers of Walter Veltroni, leader of the Democratic Party, a political party in Italy, from 2007 to 2009. Most of them are social democrats coming from the Democrats of the Left. Apart the core group of ''Veltroniani'', there are some distinct factions within the Democratic Party whose members are usually considered ''veltroniani'': * Liberal PD * Democratic Ecologists *Social Christians During Veltroni's leadership, leading members of the area were Goffredo Bettini, Giorgio Tonini and Enrico Morando. Then there was a group of former '' Rutelliani'', including notably Paolo Gentiloni and Ermete Realacci, who became very close to Veltroni and to his idea of Democratic Party. In strict terms ''Veltroniani'' are generally progressives and modernizers, as opposed to '' Dalemiani'' who are more traditional social democrats. After the departure of Veltroni from party leadership in February 2009, ''Veltroniani'' talked about organizing their faction, but ...
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Democracy Is Freedom – The Daisy
Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy ( it, Democrazia è Libertà – La Margherita, DL), commonly known simply as The Daisy (''La Margherita''), was a centrist political party in Italy. The party was formed from the merger of three parties within the centre-left coalition: the Italian People's Party, The Democrats and Italian Renewal. The party president and leader was Francesco Rutelli, former mayor of Rome and prime ministerial candidate during the 2001 general election for The Olive Tree coalition, within which The Daisy electoral list won 14.5% of the national vote. The Daisy became a single party in February 2002. It was set up by former left-leaning Christian Democrats, centrists, social-liberals (former Liberals and former Republicans), as well as other left-wing politicians from the former Italian Socialist Party and Federation of the Greens. On 14 October 2007, DL merged with the Democrats of the Left to form the Democratic Party (PD). History The idea of unitin ...
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Christian Democracy (Italy)
Christian Democracy ( it, Democrazia Cristiana, DC) was a Christian democratic political party in Italy. The DC was founded on 15 December 1943 in the Italian Social Republic (Nazi-occupied Italy) as the ideal successor of the Italian People's Party, which had the same symbol, a crusader shield (''scudo crociato''). As a Catholic-inspired, centrist, catch-all party comprising both centre-right and centre-left political factions, the DC played a dominant role in the politics of Italy for fifty years, and had been part of the government from soon after its inception until its final demise on 16 January 1994 amid the ''Tangentopoli'' scandals. Christian Democrats led the Italian government continuously from 1946 until 1981. The party was nicknamed the "White Whale" ( it, Balena bianca) due to its huge organization and official color. During its time in government, the Italian Communist Party was the largest opposition party. From 1946 until 1994, the DC was the largest party in ...
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2007 Democratic Party (Italy) Leadership Election
The 2007 Democratic Party leadership election was held on 14 October 2007 in order to elect the first leader of the Democratic Party, the largest political party in Italy at the time. The election was conducted as an open primary, with all Italian citizens aged at least 16 and non-Italian legal residents being eligible to vote. A minimum fee of one euro (initially chosen as five euros, lowered to one euro following direct requests by almost all leadership candidates) was requested to voters in order to take part in the election. The election, attended by over three and a half million voters, ended in a landslide victory for Walter Veltroni, Mayor of Rome and former leader of the Democrats of the Left, who gained 75.8% of the vote, being thus elected as first Democratic Party leader. Events Following the national conventions of the Democrats of the Left (DS) and Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy (DL), Romano Prodi announced a list of 45 politicians which would have composed the ...
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