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1996 Armenian Presidential Election Protests
Presidential elections were held in Armenia on 22 September 1996. The result was a victory for Levon Ter-Petrosyan, who received 51% of the vote. Turnout was 60%. Background The 1996 presidential election was the second presidential election after Armenia's independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. On 18 September 1996, few days before the election, the influential defense minister Vazgen Sargsyan stated that he is "satisfied with the situation." Addressing Ter-Petrosyan's supporters, he proclaimed that Armenia "will enter the 21st century victoriously and stable with Ter-Petrosyan." The opposition parties ( Armenian Revolutionary Federation, Paruyr Hayrikyan's Union for National Self-Determination, Aram Sargsyan's Democratic Party) consolidated around the former Karabakh Committee member and former prime minister Vazgen Manukyan. Conduct Observation and monitoring organizations were mostly critical of the conduct of the elections. The OSCE observation mission found "serio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Levon Ter-Petrosyan
Levon Hakobi Ter-Petrosyan ( hy, Լևոն Հակոբի Տեր-Պետրոսյան; born 9 January 1945), also known by his initials LTP, is an Armenian politician who served as the first president of Armenia from 1991 until his resignation in 1998. A senior researcher at the Matenadaran, he led the Karabakh movement for the unification of the Armenian-populated Nagorno-Karabakh with Armenia which began in 1988. After Armenia's declaration of independence from the Soviet Union in September 1991, Ter-Petrosyan was elected president in October 1991 with overwhelming public support. He led the country through the First Nagorno-Karabakh War with neighboring Azerbaijan. He was reelected in the 1996 presidential election, which was marred by accusations of electoral fraud, sparking mass protests led by runner-up Vazgen Manukyan. The mass rallies were suppressed by military force. Due to disagreements with key members of his government over a peace proposal for the Nagorno-Karabakh conf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
OSCE
The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) is the world's largest regional security-oriented intergovernmental organization with observer status at the United Nations. Its mandate includes issues such as arms control, promotion of human rights, freedom of the press, and free and fair elections. It employs around 3,460 people, mostly in its field operations but also in its secretariat in Vienna, Austria, and its institutions. It has its origins in the mid-1975 Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe (CSCE) held in Helsinki, Finland. The OSCE is concerned with early warning, conflict prevention, crisis management, and post-conflict rehabilitation. Most of its 57 participating countries are in Europe, but there are a few members present in Asia and North America. The participating states cover much of the land area of the Northern Hemisphere. It was created during the Cold War era as a forum for discussion between the Western Bloc and Eastern Bl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Babken Ararktsyan
Babken Ararktsyan ( hy, Բաբկեն Գուրգենի Արարքցյան, born September 16, 1944) is an Armenian politician. He was the former Chairman of the Supreme Council from 1991 to 1995 and Speaker of the National Assembly In politics, a national assembly is either a unicameral legislature, the lower house of a bicameral legislature, or both houses of a bicameral legislature together. In the English language it generally means "an assembly composed of the repre ... from 1995 to 1998. References External links Biography {{DEFAULTSORT:Ararktsyan, Babken Moscow State University alumni Politicians from Yerevan Living people 1944 births Presidents of the National Assembly (Armenia) Members of the Karabakh Committee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baghramyan Avenue
Marshal Baghramyan Avenue ( hy, Մարշալ Բաղրամյան Պողոտա) is an avenue in the central Kentron and the northwestern Arabkir districts of Yerevan, Armenia. The avenue is named after the Soviet Armenian commander and Marshal of the Soviet Union Hovhannes Baghramyan whose statue stands at the central part of the avenue. It was known as the Friendship Avenue (Comradeship Avenue) between 1970 and 1995, as a tribute to the friendship of all Soviet Union member nations. The avenue starts with the Place de France at the east and ends up with the Barekamutyun Square at the west. It is mainly home to educational, government and foreign diplomatic mission buildings. Notable buildings Marshal Baghramyan Avenue is home to a series of notable buildings and structures. Government buildings * The Prime Minister's Residence (commonly known as Baghramyan 26) * The National Assembly of Armenia * The National Security Council of Armenia * The Constitutional Court of Armenia F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Freedom Square, Yerevan
__NOTOC__ The Freedom Square or Liberty Square ( hy, Ազատության հրապարակ, ), also known as Opera Square and Theatre Square (Թատերական հրապարակ, ''T'aterakan hraparak'') until 1991, is a town square located in Kentron (Center) district of Yerevan, Armenia. The square is part of the Yerevan Opera Theater complex, located just to the south of the main opera building, between the opera park and the Swan lake. Along with the Republic Square, the Freedom Square is one of the two main squares in central Yerevan. It is bordered with four streets: Tumanyan Street, Teryan Street, Sayat Nova Avenue and Mashtots Avenue. The statues of writer Hovhannes Tumanyan and composer Alexander Spendiaryan are located in the square. In politics Due to a tradition of demonstrations at the square, it has been described as a "symbol of democracy" in Armenia. The square can hold an estimated 40,000, 42,000–45,000 to 50,000 people. 1988: Karabakh movement The semi-ci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armenian National Assembly
Armenian National Assembly was the governing body of the Armenian millet in the Ottoman Empire, established by the Armenian National Constitution of 1863. Hovanissian, Richard G. (1997) ''The Armenian People from Ancient to Modern Times.'' New York. St. Martin's Press St. Martin's Press is a book publisher headquartered in Manhattan, New York City, in the Equitable Building. St. Martin's Press is considered one of the largest English-language publishers, bringing to the public some 700 titles a year under si ..., 198 Notes Ottoman period in Armenia 1863 establishments in the Ottoman Empire {{poli-org-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Demonstration (political)
A political demonstration is an action by a mass group or collection of groups of people in favor of a political or other cause or people partaking in a protest against a cause of concern; it often consists of walking in a mass march formation and either beginning with or meeting at a designated endpoint, or rally, in order to hear speakers. It is different from mass meeting. Actions such as blockades and sit-ins may also be referred to as demonstrations. Demonstrations can be nonviolent or violent (usually referred to by participants as "Militant (word), militant"), or can begin as nonviolent and turn violent depending on the circumstances. Sometimes riot police or other forms of Law enforcement agency, law enforcement become involved. In some cases, this may be in order to try to prevent the protest from taking place at all. In other cases, it may be to prevent clashes between rival groups, or to prevent a demonstration from spreading and turning into a riot. History The t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corruption
Corruption is a form of dishonesty or a criminal offense which is undertaken by a person or an organization which is entrusted in a position of authority, in order to acquire illicit benefits or abuse power for one's personal gain. Corruption may involve many activities which include bribery, influence peddling and the embezzlement and it may also involve practices which are legal in many countries. Political corruption occurs when an office-holder or other governmental employee acts with an official capacity for personal gain. Corruption is most common in Kleptocracy, kleptocracies, oligarchy, oligarchies, narco-states, and mafia states. Corruption and crime are endemic sociological occurrences which appear with regular frequency in virtually all countries on a global scale in varying degrees and proportions. Each individual nation allocates domestic resources for the control and regulation of corruption and the deterrence of crime. Strategies which are undertaken in order to c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caucasus Institute
The Caucasus Institute is a think tank and postgraduate institution. Its focus is on encouraging pluralistic discourse in the South Caucasus, including the countries of Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia (country), Georgia. Its goal is to promote inclusive policy-making in Armenia through conducting research, producing and advocating policy documents and encouraging a pluralistic and informed public policy debate. The Institute is located in downtown Yerevan. It was first founded in 2002 as the Caucasus Media Institute. In 2008, was renamed to Caucasus Institute. The institute organizes its trademark event, the Annual Caucasus Conference, international events that bring together experts from the South Caucasus (Azerbaijan, Georgia, Armenia), Russia (including the Northern Caucasus), Turkey, the U.S. and the EU to assess and discuss the situation with governance, transition and development in the region. The event is followed by the publication of ''CI Caucasus Yearbook'' in Russian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
