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1973 Santiago Gay Protest
The gay protest in the Plaza de Armas in Santiago, which occurred on 22 April 1973, was the first LGBT demonstration in Chile, as well as one of the first in Latin America. The protestors were campaigning against police brutality, in particular against the beatings which they received. Developing The demonstration had been organized by a group of homosexuals, mainly transvestites and people who practiced prostitution in the sectors surrounding the Plaza de Armas in Santiago —as well as on Huérfanos and Alameda streets. A large part of them were from low or popular strata and denounced constant harassment by carabineros, raids and arrests for "offenses against morals and good customs", which included beatings and total haircuts. The meeting took place approximately between 7:00 and 8:00 p.m. on Sunday, 22 April 1973 in the eastern sector of the Plaza de Armas, in front of Phillips Street. Some of the attendees were known by their pseudonyms, including "La Gitana" (indicated ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Santiago
Santiago (, ; ), also known as Santiago de Chile, is the capital and largest city of Chile as well as one of the largest cities in the Americas. It is the center of Chile's most densely populated region, the Santiago Metropolitan Region, whose total population is 8 million which is nearly 40% of the country's population, of which more than 6 million live in the city's continuous urban area. The city is entirely in the country's central valley. Most of the city lies between above mean sea level. Founded in 1541 by the Spanish conquistador Pedro de Valdivia, Santiago has been the capital city of Chile since colonial times. The city has a downtown core of 19th-century neoclassical architecture and winding side-streets, dotted by art deco, neo-gothic, and other styles. Santiago's cityscape is shaped by several stand-alone hills and the fast-flowing Mapocho River, lined by parks such as Parque Forestal and Balmaceda Park. The Andes Mountains can be seen from most points ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chicha
''Chicha'' is a fermented (alcoholic) or non-fermented beverage of Latin America, emerging from the Andes and Amazonia regions. In both the pre- and post-Spanish conquest periods, corn beer (''chicha de jora'') made from a variety of maize landraces has been the most common form of ''chicha''. However, ''chicha'' is also made from a variety of other cultigens and wild plants, including, among others, quinoa (''Chenopodium quinia''), kañiwa (''Chenopodium pallidicaule''), peanut, manioc (also called yuca or cassava), palm fruit, rice, potato, oca (''Oxalis tuberosa''), and chañar (''Geoffroea decorticans''). There are many regional variations of ''chicha''. In the Inca Empire, ''chicha'' had ceremonial and ritual uses. Etymology and related phrases The exact origin of the word ''chicha'' is debated. One belief is that the word ''chicha'' is of Taino origin and became a generic term used by the Spanish to define any and all fermented beverages brewed by indigenous peoples ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LGBT Civil Rights Demonstrations
' is an initialism that stands for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender. In use since the 1990s, the initialism, as well as some of its common variants, functions as an umbrella term for sexuality and gender identity. The LGBT term is an adaptation of the initialism ', which began to replace the term ''gay'' (or ''gay and lesbian'') in reference to the broader LGBT community beginning in the mid-to-late 1980s. When not inclusive of transgender people, the shorter term LGB is still used instead of LGBT. It may refer to anyone who is non-heterosexual or non- cisgender, instead of exclusively to people who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender. To recognize this inclusion, a popular variant, ', adds the letter ''Q'' for those who identify as queer or are questioning their sexual or gender identity. The initialisms ''LGBT'' or ''GLBT'' are not agreed to by everyone that they are supposed to include. History of the term The first widely used term, ''homosexual ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1970s In Santiago, Chile
Year 197 ( CXCVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Magius and Rufinus (or, less frequently, year 950 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 197 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * February 19 – Battle of Lugdunum: Emperor Septimius Severus defeats the self-proclaimed emperor Clodius Albinus at Lugdunum (modern Lyon). Albinus commits suicide; legionaries sack the town. * Septimius Severus returns to Rome and has about 30 of Albinus's supporters in the Senate executed. After his victory he declares himself the adopted son of the late Marcus Aurelius. * Septimius Severus forms new naval units, manning all the triremes in Italy with heavily armed troops for war in the East. His soldiers embark on a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
April 1973 Events
April is the fourth month of the year in the Gregorian and Julian calendars. It is the first of four months to have a length of 30 days, and the second of five months to have a length of less than 31 days. April is commonly associated with the season of autumn in parts of the Southern Hemisphere, and spring in parts of the Northern Hemisphere, where it is the seasonal equivalent to October in the Southern Hemisphere and vice versa. History The Romans gave this month the Latin name ''Aprilis''"April" in ''Chambers's Encyclopædia''. London: George Newnes, 1961, Vol. 1, p. 497. but the derivation of this name is uncertain. The traditional etymology is from the verb ''aperire'', "to open", in allusion to its being the season when trees and flowers begin to "open", which is supported by comparison with the modern Greek use of άνοιξη (''ánixi'') (opening) for spring. Since some of the Roman months were named in honor of divinities, and as April was sacred ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1973 Protests
Events January * January 1 - The United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland and Denmark enter the European Economic Community, which later becomes the European Union. * January 15 – Vietnam War: Citing progress in peace negotiations, U.S. President Richard Nixon announces the suspension of offensive action in North Vietnam. * January 17 – Ferdinand Marcos becomes President for Life of the Philippines. * January 20 – Richard Nixon is sworn in for a second term as President of the United States. Nixon is the only person to have been sworn in twice as President (1969, Second inauguration of Richard Nixon, 1973) and Vice President of the United States (First inauguration of Dwight D. Eisenhower, 1953, Second inauguration of Dwight D. Eisenhower, 1957). * January 22 ** George Foreman defeats Joe Frazier to win the heavyweight world boxing championship. ** A Royal Jordanian Boeing 707 flight from Jeddah crashes in Kano (city), Kano, Nigeria; 176 people are killed. * January 27 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1973 In Chile
Events in the year 1973 in Chile. Incumbents * President: Salvador Allende until September 11, Augusto Pinochet as President of the Government Junta of Chile * Commander-in-Chief of the Chilean Army: Carlos Prats until August 23, Augusto Pinochet * Minister of Foreign Affairs: Clodomiro Almeyda, Orlando Letelier, Clodomiro Almeyda, Ismael Huerta * Minister of the Interior: Carlos Prats until August 23, Gerardo Espinoza, Orlando Letelier * Minister of National Defense: Jose Toha, Clodomiro Almeyda, Carlos Prats, Orlando Letelier, Patricio Carvajal Events January *January 5 - Socialist Senator Maria Elena Carrera caused the country's female indignation when she declared that "Only idle women can queue up to buy" * January 6 – Strike of the urban transport of Santiago. * January 7 : ** In Hamburg, a shipment of Chilean copper is seized, while an appeal was presented from the Private Company Kennecott against the State of Chile. ** The Government announces the introduction ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1973 In LGBT History
Events January * January 1 - The United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland and Denmark enter the European Economic Community, which later becomes the European Union. * January 15 – Vietnam War: Citing progress in peace negotiations, U.S. President Richard Nixon announces the suspension of offensive action in North Vietnam. * January 17 – Ferdinand Marcos becomes President for Life of the Philippines. * January 20 – Richard Nixon is sworn in for a second term as President of the United States. Nixon is the only person to have been sworn in twice as President (1969, 1973) and Vice President of the United States (1953, 1957). * January 22 ** George Foreman defeats Joe Frazier to win the heavyweight world boxing championship. ** A Royal Jordanian Boeing 707 flight from Jeddah crashes in Kano, Nigeria; 176 people are killed. * January 27 – U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War ends with the signing of the Paris Peace Accords. February * February 8 – A military insurrec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LGBT History In Chile
LGBT history in Chile encompasses a broad history of related to gender and sexuality within the country of Chile. Oftentimes this history has been informed by the diverse forms of governments that have existed within Chile, including colonialism, military dictatorship, and democracy. Global events like the AIDS epidemic also had an impact on Chilean LGBT history. There are also multicultural elements with the different cultural perceptions of gender and sexuality from indigenous groups and Spanish influence. Precolonial There is documentation of an Andean concept called ''tinkuy'', which refers to the union of complimentary binaries through meditation.Bergmann, E. L. (2008). Queering Transculturation. ''GLQ: A Journal of Lesbian and Gay Studies'', ''14''(2). Andean cultures also participated in same-sex relationships, which would later be used by Spanish colonizers as justification for imperialism. This typically came from a more complex perception of gender and relations by indig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marcia Torres
Marcia Torres (Marcia Alejandra Torres Mostajo, 1950–2011) was the first person to obtain sex reassignment surgery in Latin America. Torres established a successful hair styling business in Antofagasta, Chile, before she learned of the successful gender corrective operation of Christine Jorgensen and the pioneering work in sexuality by Antonio Salas Vieyra and Osvaldo Quijada in Chile. Torres contacted Salas and Quijada, was examined by medical experts, and subsequently underwent the procedure in March 1973. After her surgery, Torres became a cabaret star, performing as a vedette in clubs in Chile and abroad before returning to her home town and resuming her career as a stylist. Her history is illustrative of changing discourses on gender and sexuality, as well as informative in the debates on identity law and the basic human rights of LGBT citizens. Early life Marcia Alejandra Torres Mostajo was born as Alberto Arturo Torres Mostajo in 1950 in Antofagasta, Chile. Torres' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salvador Allende
Salvador Guillermo Allende Gossens (, , ; 26 June 1908 – 11 September 1973) was a Chilean physician and socialist politician who served as the 28th president of Chile from 3 November 1970 until his death on 11 September 1973. He was the first Marxist to be elected president in a liberal democracy in Latin America.Don MabryAllende's Rise and Fall''. Allende's involvement in Chilean politics spanned a period of nearly forty years, having covered the posts of senator, deputy and cabinet minister. As a life-long committed member of the Socialist Party of Chile, whose foundation he had actively contributed to, he unsuccessfully ran for the national presidency in the 1952, 1958, and 1964 elections. In 1970, he won the presidency as the candidate of the Popular Unity coalition, in a close three-way race. He was elected in a run-off by Congress, as no candidate had gained a majority. As president, Allende sought to nationalize major industries, expand education and improve the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clarín (Chilean Newspaper)
''Clarín'' is a Chilean online newspaper, originally published as a print publication between 1954 and 1973, when it was closed following the coup d'état on 11 September. A new edition was published forty years later, on 11 September 2013, in collaboration with ''El Ciudadano''. ''Clarín'' slogan was "Firme junto al pueblo" (" tayingstrong with the people"). History ''Clarín'' was conceived by journalist Darío Sainte Marie Soruco, known under the pseudonym of ''Volpone''. The newspaper was first published in 1954, competing with evening newspapers ''Última Hora'' and ''La Segunda'', but did not succeed; ''Clarín'' ended circulation two years later. However, Volpone purchased the rights cheaply and transformed ''Clarín'' into a morning paper, specialized in police news, and with cheap printing prices at the workshops of ''La Nación''. The newspaper initially had a print run of 20,000 and 30,000 copies, covering Santiago de Chile and other cities. With its coverage of pol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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