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1945 Sammarinese General Election
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General elections were held in San Marino on 11 March 1945.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1678 The British Army had required a fresh election for the final elimination of all fascist-friendly politicians. The result was a victory for the Committee of Freedom, which won 40 of the 60 seats in the Grand and General Council.Nohlen & Stöver, p1690 Electoral system Voters had to be citizens of San Marino, male and at least 24 years old. Results References San Marino General elections in San Marino Genera; San Marino San Marino (, ), officially the Republic of San Marino ( it, Repubblica di San Marino; ), also known as the Most Serene Republic of San Marino ( it, Serenissima Repubblica di San Marino, links=no), is the fifth-smallest country in the world an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1943 San Marino General Election
General elections were held in San Marino on 5 September 1943.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1678 After the former ruling party, the Sammarinese Fascist Party had been dissolved on 28 July, the "Lista Unica" was formed by a coalition of political leaders and non-partisans. It won all 60 seats.Nohlen & Stöver, p1690 However, with the formation of the Italian Social Republic by the Nazis, the Sammarinese Fascist Party was recreated, and the threatened newly elected Council appointed a fascist Congress of State with full powers, self suspending its own activity. After the battle of San Marino in September 1944, the British Army occupied the republic until 31 December 1944, imposing the final disbandment of all fascist activities. A fresh election was consequently called. Electoral system Voters had to be citizens of San Marino, male and at least 24 years old. Results References San Marino General elections in San Marino Ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1949 San Marino General Election
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General elections were held in San Marino on 27 February 1949.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1678 The result was a victory for the Committee of Freedom, which won 35 of the 60 seats in the Grand and General Council.Nohlen & Stöver, p1690 Electoral system Voters had to be citizens of San Marino, male and at least 24 years old. Results References San Marino General elections in San Marino General San Marino San Marino (, ), officially the Republic of San Marino ( it, Repubblica di San Marino; ), also known as the Most Serene Republic of San Marino ( it, Serenissima Repubblica di San Marino, links=no), is the fifth-smallest country in the world an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grand And General Council
The Grand and General Council ( it, Consiglio Grande e Generale) is the parliament of San Marino. The council has 60 members elected for a five-year term. History From the fifth century San Marino was ruled by an assembly composed by all the family heads known as the Arengo. However, as population grew, such a body became more and more dysfunctional, with its functioning being crippled by feuds between families. While the exact timing is unknown, there is historical evidence that by the early 13th century the citizens of San Marino elected an assembly called Council of the LX, which was also known as the Grand and General Council. In this first stage the power was shared between the Arengo and the Council, with the latter gaining more and more power over the centuries. This process culminated in the 1600 statutes which defined the Council as the "supreme, absolute and unique prince of the community" attributing to it "the right over life, death and goods of every citizen" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
San Marino
San Marino (, ), officially the Republic of San Marino ( it, Repubblica di San Marino; ), also known as the Most Serene Republic of San Marino ( it, Serenissima Repubblica di San Marino, links=no), is the fifth-smallest country in the world and a European microstate in Southern Europe enclaved by Italy. Located on the northeastern side of the Apennine Mountains, San Marino covers a land area of just over , and has a population of 33,562. San Marino is a landlocked country; however, its northeastern end is within of the Italian city of Rimini on the Adriatic coast. The nearest airport is also in Italy. The country's capital city, the City of San Marino, is located atop Monte Titano, while its largest settlement is Dogana within the largest municipality of Serravalle. San Marino's official language is Italian. The country derives its name from Saint Marinus, a stonemason from the then-Roman island of Rab in present-day Croatia. Born in AD 275, Marinus participated in the re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dieter Nohlen
Dieter Nohlen (born 6 November 1939) is a German academic and political scientist. He currently holds the position of Emeritus Professor of Political Science in the Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences of the University of Heidelberg. An expert on electoral system An electoral system or voting system is a set of rules that determine how elections and referendums are conducted and how their results are determined. Electoral systems are used in politics to elect governments, while non-political elections ma ...s and political development, he has published several books. IDEA Bibliography Books published by Nohlen include: *''Electoral systems of the world'' (in German, 1978) *''Lexicon of politics'' (seven volumes) *''Elections and Electoral Systems'' (1996) *''Electi ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Army
The British Army is the principal land warfare force of the United Kingdom, a part of the British Armed Forces along with the Royal Navy and the Royal Air Force. , the British Army comprises 79,380 regular full-time personnel, 4,090 Gurkhas, and 28,330 volunteer reserve personnel. The modern British Army traces back to 1707, with antecedents in the English Army and Scots Army that were created during the Restoration in 1660. The term ''British Army'' was adopted in 1707 after the Acts of Union between England and Scotland. Members of the British Army swear allegiance to the monarch as their commander-in-chief, but the Bill of Rights of 1689 and Claim of Right Act 1689 require parliamentary consent for the Crown to maintain a peacetime standing army. Therefore, Parliament approves the army by passing an Armed Forces Act at least once every five years. The army is administered by the Ministry of Defence and commanded by the Chief of the General Staff. The Brit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Committee Of Freedom
The Committee of Freedom ( it, Comita Libertà) was a political alliance in San Marino. History The alliance was formed by the Sammarinese Socialist Party and the Sammarinese Communist Party, and was opposed by the Popular Alliance, an alliance of the Sammarinese Christian Democratic Party and the Sammarinese Democratic Socialist Party. It won 40 of the 60 seats in the Grand and General Council in the 1945 elections. The 1949 elections saw it reduced to 35 seats. The two parties retained their combined majority in the 1951 elections, although it won only 31 seats. The alliance was formally abandoned for the 1955 elections. However, the parties continued to co-operate, with their coalition continuing to be known as the "Committee of Freedom". The parties remained in government until 1957, when six Socialist Party MPs left to merge with the Socialist Democratic Party to form the Sammarinese Independent Democratic Socialist Party The Sammarinese Independent Democratic Socialis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Popular Alliance (San Marino, Historical)
The Popular Alliance ( it, Alleanza Popolare) was a political alliance in San Marino. History The alliance was formed by the Sammarinese Christian Democratic Party (PDCS), the Sammarinese Democratic Socialist Party (PSDS) and some independents, and was opposed by the Committee of Freedom, an alliance of the Sammarinese Socialist Party (PSS) and the Sammarinese Communist Party (PCS). It won 20 of the 60 seats in the Grand and General Council in the 1945 elections. The 1949 elections saw it increase its representation to 25 seats. The 1951 elections saw it win 26 seats. The alliance was formally abandoned for the 1955 elections. However, following the formation of the Sammarinese Independent Democratic Socialist Party The Sammarinese Independent Democratic Socialist Party ( it, Partito Socialista Democratico Indipendente Sammarinese, PSDIS) was a social-democratic political party in San Marino. Its Italian counterpart was the Italian Democratic Socialist Party. ... (PSDIS) in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1945 Elections In Europe
1945 marked the end of World War II and the fall of Nazi Germany and the Empire of Japan. It is also the only year in which nuclear weapons have been used in combat. Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 – WWII: ** Germany begins Operation Bodenplatte, an attempt by the ''Luftwaffe'' to cripple Allied air forces in the Low Countries. ** Chenogne massacre: German prisoners are allegedly killed by American forces near the village of Chenogne, Belgium. * January 6 – WWII: A German offensive recaptures Esztergom, Hungary from the Russians. * January 12 – WWII: The Soviet Union begins the Vistula–Oder Offensive in Eastern Europe, against the German Army. * January 13 – WWII: The Soviet Union begins the East Prussian Offensive, to eliminate German forces in East Prussia. * January 16 – WWII: Adolf Hitler takes residence in the '' Führerbunker'' in Berlin. * January 17 ** WWII: The Soviet Union occupies Warsa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
General Elections In San Marino
A general officer is an officer of high rank in the armies, and in some nations' air forces, space forces, and marines or naval infantry. In some usages the term "general officer" refers to a rank above colonel."general, adj. and n.". OED Online. March 2021. Oxford University Press. https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/77489?rskey=dCKrg4&result=1 (accessed May 11, 2021) The term ''general'' is used in two ways: as the generic title for all grades of general officer and as a specific rank. It originates in the 16th century, as a shortening of ''captain general'', which rank was taken from Middle French ''capitaine général''. The adjective ''general'' had been affixed to officer designations since the late medieval period to indicate relative superiority or an extended jurisdiction. Today, the title of ''general'' is known in some countries as a four-star rank. However, different countries use different systems of stars or other insignia for senior ranks. It has a NATO rank scal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1945 In San Marino
1945 marked the end of World War II and the fall of Nazi Germany and the Empire of Japan. It is also the only year in which nuclear weapons have been used in combat. Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 – WWII: ** Germany begins Operation Bodenplatte, an attempt by the ''Luftwaffe'' to cripple Allied air forces in the Low Countries. ** Chenogne massacre: German prisoners are allegedly killed by American forces near the village of Chenogne, Belgium. * January 6 – WWII: A German offensive recaptures Esztergom, Hungary from the Russians. * January 12 – WWII: The Soviet Union begins the Vistula–Oder Offensive in Eastern Europe, against the German Army. * January 13 – WWII: The Soviet Union begins the East Prussian Offensive, to eliminate German forces in East Prussia. * January 16 – WWII: Adolf Hitler takes residence in the ''Führerbunker'' in Berlin. * January 17 ** WWII: The Soviet Union occupies Warsaw, Pola ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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