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1943 In Architecture
The year 1943 in architecture involved some significant architectural events and new buildings. Events * The Athens Charter is published by the Congres Internationaux d'Architecture Moderne group of architects. * Nikolaus Pevsner's book ''An Outline of European Architecture'' is published in Britain. * The '' County of London Plan'' is prepared by J. H. Forshaw and Patrick Abercrombie. Buildings and structures Buildings opened * January 15 – The Pentagon in Washington, D.C., United States, designed by George Bergstrom * April 13 – The Jefferson Memorial in Washington D.C., designed by John Russell Pope * Peace River Suspension Bridge, Canada (collapsed 1957) * Sandö Bridge, Sweden * Surp Hagop Church, Aleppo, Syria * Church of Saint Francis of Assisi, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, designed by Oscar Niemeyer * Umaid Bhawan Palace, Jodhpur, India, designed by Henry Vaughan Lanchester (begun 1929) * Block D, Bletchley Park, England. Buildings complete ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Athens Charter
The Athens Charter (french: Charte d'Athènes, Greek: Χάρτα των Αθηνών) was a 1933 document about urban planning published by the Swiss architect Le Corbusier. The work was based upon Le Corbusier’s '' Ville Radieuse'' (Radiant City) book of 1935 and urban studies undertaken by the Congrès International d'Architecture Moderne (CIAM) in the early 1930s. The Charter got its name from location of the fourth CIAM conference in 1933, which, due to the deteriorating political situation in Russia, took place on the S.S. Patris bound for Athens from Marseilles. This conference is documented in a film commissioned by Sigfried Giedion and made by his friend Laszlo Moholy-Nagy: "Architects' Congress." The Charter had a significant impact on urban planning after World War II. Background Although Le Corbusier had exhibited his ideas for the ideal city, the Ville Contemporaine in the 1920s, during the early 1930s, after contact with international planners he began work o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Surp Hagop Church
Surp Hagop Church (Armenian: Սուրբ Յակոբ Եկեղեցի); also Saint Jacob or Saint James, is a small Armenian Apostolic church, located on al-Iman street in the Old Syriac (Assyrian) quarter of Aleppo, Syria. It was opened in 1943 and later enlarged in 1962. Overview The ground blessing ceremony of this small church took place on 3 June 1934, during the period of Archbishop Ardavazt Surmeyan of the Armenian Diocese of Beroea, on a piece of land occupying around 750 square meters, donated by the Italian General Consul of Aleppo, Georgio Marcopolli. However, the construction process started only in 1940, with the erection of a small building. The consecration of the church took place in 1943 with the presence of the community leaders. The church was named in the honour of Saint Jacob of Nisibis Saint Jacob of Nisibis ( syr, ܝܥܩܘܒ ܢܨܝܒܢܝܐ, '; Greek language, Greek: Ἅγιος Ἰάκωβος Ἐπίσκοπος Μυγδονίας; Armenian language, Armenia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Curzio Malaparte
Curzio Malaparte (; 9 June 1898 – 19 July 1957), born Kurt Erich Suckert, was an Italian writer, filmmaker, war correspondent and diplomat. Malaparte is best known outside Italy due to his works ''Kaputt'' (1944) and ''La pelle'' (1949). The former is a semi-fictionalised account of the Eastern Front during the Second World War and the latter is an account focusing on morality in the immediate post-war period of Naples (it was placed on the ''Index Librorum Prohibitorum''). During the 1920s, Malaparte was one of the intellectuals who supported the rise of Italian fascism and Benito Mussolini, through the magazine ''900''. Despite this, Malaparte had a complex relationship with the National Fascist Party and was stripped of membership in 1933 for his independent streak. Arrested numerous times, he had Casa Malaparte created in Capri where he lived under house arrest. After the Second World War, he became a filmmaker and moved closer to both Togliatti's Italian Communist Party ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Capri
Capri ( , ; ; ) is an island located in the Tyrrhenian Sea off the Sorrento Peninsula, on the south side of the Gulf of Naples in the Campania region of Italy. The main town of Capri that is located on the island shares the name. It has been a resort since the time of the Roman Republic. Some of the main features of the island include the (the little harbour), the Belvedere of Tragara (a high panoramic promenade lined with villas), the limestone crags called sea stacks that project above the sea (the ), the town of Anacapri, the Blue Grotto (), the ruins of the Imperial Roman villas, and the vistas of various towns surrounding the Island of Capri including Positano, Amalfi, Ravello, Sorrento, Nerano, and Naples. Capri is part of the region of Campania, Metropolitan City of Naples. The town of Capri is a and the island's main population centre. The island has two harbours, and (the main port of the island). The separate of Anacapri is located high on the hills to the w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Casa Malaparte
Casa Malaparte (also Villa Malaparte) is a house on Punta Massullo, on the eastern side of the isle of Capri, Italy. It is considered to be one of the best examples of Italian modern and contemporary architecture. The house was conceived around 1937 by the well-known Italian architect Adalberto Libera for Curzio Malaparte. Malaparte actually rejected Libera's design and built the home himself with the help of Adolfo Amitrano, a local stonemason. Description Casa Malaparte is a red masonry box with reverse pyramidal stairs leading to the roof patio. On the roof is a freestanding curving white wall of increasing height. It sits on a dangerous cliff 32 metres above the sea overlooking the Gulf of Salerno. Access to this private property is either by foot from the town of Capri or by boat and a staircase cut into the cliff. Casa Malaparte's interior and exterior (particularly the rooftop patio) are prominently featured in Jean-Luc Godard's 1963 film, ''Contempt'' (''Le Mépris'') ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bletchley Park
Bletchley Park is an English country house and estate in Bletchley, Milton Keynes ( Buckinghamshire) that became the principal centre of Allied code-breaking during the Second World War. The mansion was constructed during the years following 1883 for the financier and politician Sir Herbert Leon in the Victorian Gothic, Tudor, and Dutch Baroque styles, on the site of older buildings of the same name. During World War II, the estate housed the Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS), which regularly penetrated the secret communications of the Axis Powersmost importantly the German Enigma and Lorenz ciphers. The GC&CS team of codebreakers included Alan Turing, Gordon Welchman, Hugh Alexander, Bill Tutte, and Stuart Milner-Barry. The nature of the work at Bletchley remained secret until many years after the war. According to the official historian of British Intelligence, the "Ultra" intelligence produced at Bletchley shortened the war by two to four years, and without it th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1929 In Architecture
The year 1929 in architecture involved some significant architectural events and new buildings. Events Wohnungs- und Werkraumausstellung, Breslau *September 7 – Ceremony to lay the foundation stone for the new Palace of Nations in Geneva. *November 18 – Ceremony to break the ground for the Umaid Bhawan Palace in Jodhpur, India, designed by Henry Vaughan Lanchester (completed 1943). *Plan of White City (Tel Aviv) in Mandatory Palestine by Patrick Geddes agreed. * WUWA (Wrocław) Buildings and structures Buildings opened *April – Williamsburgh Savings Bank Tower, Brooklyn, New York city, designed by Halsey, McCormack and Helmer. *July 11 – Chapel, Stowe School, England, designed by Sir Robert Lorimer (died September 13). *July 23 – Landakotskirkja, Reykjavik, Iceland. *August 24 – Baker City Tower hotel, Baker City, Oregon, designed by Tourtellotte & Hummel. *October 3 – Dominion Theatre, London, England, designed by W. and T. R. Milburn. *December 1 – Underg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry Vaughan Lanchester
Henry Vaughan Lanchester (9 August 1863 – 16 January 1953) was a British architect working in London. He served as editor of ''The Builder'', was a co-founder of the Town Planning Institute and a recipient of the Royal Gold Medal. Biography Lanchester was born in St John's Wood, London. His father, Henry Jones Lanchester (1816–1890), was an established architect, and his younger brother, Frederick W. Lanchester (1868–1946), was to become an engineer. He was articled to his father, but also worked in the offices of London architects F.J. Eadle, T.W. Cutler and George Sherrin from 1884 to 1894. He studied at the Royal Academy in 1886, won the Aldwinckle Prize and, in 1889, the Owen Jones Studentship. His first architectural work was Kingswood House, Sydenham, in 1892, and he established his own practice in 1894. His first fully independent work in 1896 were offices in Old Street, for Messrs Bovril Ltd. He formed a partnership in 1896 with James A. Stewart (1865 or 6-1908) an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jodhpur
Jodhpur (; ) is the second-largest city in the Indian state of Rajasthan and officially the second metropolitan city of the state. It was formerly the seat of the princely state of Jodhpur State. Jodhpur was historically the capital of the Kingdom of Marwar, which is now part of Rajasthan. Jodhpur is a popular tourist destination, featuring many palaces, forts, and temples, set in the stark landscape of the Thar Desert. It is popularly known as the "Blue City" among people of Rajasthan and all over India. It serves as the administrative headquarters of the Jodhpur district and Jodhpur division. The old city circles the Mehrangarh Fort and is bounded by a wall with several gates. The city has expanded greatly outside the wall, though over the past several decades. Jodhpur lies near the geographic centre of the Rajasthan state, which makes it a convenient base for travel in a region much frequented by tourists. The city featured in ''The New York Timess "52 Places to Go in 2020 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Umaid Bhawan Palace
Umaid Bhawan Palace, located in Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India, is one of the world's largest private residences. A part of the palace is managed by Taj Hotels. It is named after Maharaja Umaid Singh, grandfather of the present owner, Gaj Singh. The palace has 347 rooms and is the principal residence of the former Jodhpur royal family. A part of the palace is a museum. The groundbreaking for the foundations of the building was carried out on 18 November 1929 by Maharaja Umaid Singh and the construction work was completed in 1943. History The history of building the Umaid Bhawan Palace is linked to a curse by a saint who had said that a period of drought would follow the good rule of the Rathore Dynasty. Thus, after the end of the about 50-year reign of Pratap Singh, Jodhpur faced severe drought and famine in the 1920s for a period of three consecutive years. The farmers of the area, faced with this hardship, sought the help of the then Maharaja, Umaid Singh, who was the 37th Rath ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oscar Niemeyer
Oscar Ribeiro de Almeida Niemeyer Soares Filho (15 December 1907 – 5 December 2012), known as Oscar Niemeyer (), was a Brazilian architect considered to be one of the key figures in the development of modern architecture. Niemeyer was best known for his design of civic buildings for Brasília, a planned city that became Brazil's capital in 1960, as well as his collaboration with other architects on the headquarters of the United Nations in New York. His exploration of the aesthetic possibilities of reinforced concrete was highly influential in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. Both lauded and criticized for being a "sculptor of monuments", Niemeyer was hailed as a great artist and one of the greatest architects of his generation by his supporters. He said his architecture was strongly influenced by Le Corbusier, but in an interview, assured that this "didn't prevent isarchitecture from going in a different direction".Salvaing, Matthieu (2002) ''Oscar Niemeyer''. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minas Gerais
Minas Gerais () is a state in Southeastern Brazil. It ranks as the second most populous, the third by gross domestic product (GDP), and the fourth largest by area in the country. The state's capital and largest city, Belo Horizonte (literally "Beautiful Horizon"), is a major urban and finance center in Latin America, and the sixth largest municipality in Brazil, after the cities of São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Salvador, Brasília and Fortaleza, but its metropolitan area is the third largest in Brazil with just over 5.8 million inhabitants, after those of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. Nine Brazilian presidents were born in Minas Gerais, the most of any state. The state has 10.1% of the Brazilian population and is responsible for 8.7% of the Brazilian GDP. With an area of —larger than Metropolitan France—it is the fourth most extensive state in Brazil. The main producer of coffee and milk in the country, Minas Gerais is known for its heritage of architecture and colonia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
