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1935 Maccabiah Games
The 2nd Maccabiah ( he, המכביה השנייה), aka the Aliyah Olympics, which was held in April 1935, was the second edition of the Maccabiah Games. The Games were held despite official opposition by the British Mandatory government. A total of 28 countries were represented by 1,350 athletes. Austria placed first, followed by Germany in second, with Eretz Israel placing third. History After the success of the 1st Maccabiah in 1932, the Maccabi World Union decided to host a second Maccabiah. In order to not make it look like they were imitating the Olympic Games, the 2nd Maccabiah took place 3 years after the first, in the spring of 1935. Eretz Yisrael enjoyed that year a relative economic boom. Tel Aviv has grown and main streets were paved. The stadium also has grown and added many new viewing locations. The second Maccabiah resulted in the settlement's first swimming pool (50 meters) in Bat Galim, Haifa. The pool was used throughout the games in the swimming competitions ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tel Aviv
Tel Aviv-Yafo ( he, תֵּל־אָבִיב-יָפוֹ, translit=Tēl-ʾĀvīv-Yāfō ; ar, تَلّ أَبِيب – يَافَا, translit=Tall ʾAbīb-Yāfā, links=no), often referred to as just Tel Aviv, is the most populous city in the Gush Dan metropolitan area of Israel. Located on the Israeli coastal plain, Israeli Mediterranean coastline and with a population of , it is the Economy of Israel, economic and Technology of Israel, technological center of the country. If East Jerusalem is considered part of Israel, Tel Aviv is the country's second most populous city after Jerusalem; if not, Tel Aviv is the most populous city ahead of West Jerusalem. Tel Aviv is governed by the Tel Aviv-Yafo Municipality, headed by Mayor Ron Huldai, and is home to many List of diplomatic missions in Israel, foreign embassies. It is a Global city, beta+ world city and is ranked 57th in the 2022 Global Financial Centres Index. Tel Aviv has the List of cities by GDP, third- or fourth-largest e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Warsaw
Warsaw ( pl, Warszawa, ), officially the Capital City of Warsaw,, abbreviation: ''m.st. Warszawa'' is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland, and its population is officially estimated at 1.86 million residents within a greater metropolitan area of 3.1 million residents, which makes Warsaw the 7th most-populous city in the European Union. The city area measures and comprises 18 districts, while the metropolitan area covers . Warsaw is an Alpha global city, a major cultural, political and economic hub, and the country's seat of government. Warsaw traces its origins to a small fishing town in Masovia. The city rose to prominence in the late 16th century, when Sigismund III decided to move the Polish capital and his royal court from Kraków. Warsaw served as the de facto capital of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth until 1795, and subsequently as the seat of Napoleon's Duchy of Warsaw. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daniel Prenn
Daniel Prenn (7 September 1904 – 3 September 1991) was a Russian Empire-born German, Polish, and British tennis player who was Jewish. He was ranked the world No. 6 for 1932 by A. Wallis Myers, and the European No. 1 by "American Lawn Tennis" magazine. He was ranked world No. 8 in 1929 (Bill Tilden), world No. 7 in 1934 (American Lawn Tennis), and was ranked No. 1 in Germany for the four years from 1928 to 1932. He was a runner-up for the mixed doubles title of 1930 Wimbledon Championships, Wimbledon in 1930. When the Nazis came to power in Germany in 1933, they barred him from playing because he was Jewish. He emigrated from Germany to England, and later became a successful businessman. Early life Prenn was born on 7 September 1904 in Vilna, Russian Empire to a railway building contractor, and was Jewish. He grew up primarily in St. Petersburg, in Russia. To escape the local antisemitism, the family moved to Berlin after World War I, in 1920. Apart from tennis, Prenn was an a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ilia Szrajbman
Lejzor Ilia (also "Ilja") Szrajbman (April 25, 1907 – 1943) was a Polish Olympic freestyle swimmer. In 1935, he was the Polish 400m freestyle champion. He competed in the 1935 Maccabiah Games in Mandatory Palestine, and for Poland at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin, Germany. In 1938, he won a gold medal in the Polish 4x200m relay freestyle championship. Szrajbman was murdered in 1943 in the Majdanek concentration camp. Biography Szrajbman was born in Warsaw, Poland. His parents were Lejzor and Masha.Nigel McCrery (2021)''The Undying Flame; Olympians Who Perished in the Second World War''/ref> He attended Waclaw Szwedkowski Boys Junior High School in Siedlce, Poland. He served as an officer in the Polish 9th Light Artillery Regiment. He was a Jewish Academic Sports Association and Legia swimmer. In 1935, Szrajbman won the Polish 400m freestyle championship. Szrajbman was Jewish, and competed in the 1935 Maccabiah Games in Mandatory Palestine. He competed for Poland at t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ruth Langer (swimmer)
Ruth Langer, later known as Ruth Lawrence (21 May 1921-2 May 1999), was an Austrian swimmer who competed both nationally and internationally. Langer won several national titles, beginning at age 14 when she established the Austrian records for the 100m and 400m freestyle, and won the Austrian championship that year. She won a bronze medal at the 1935 Maccabiah Games in Mandatory Palestine, in the 200 m breaststroke. Selected for the Austrian Olympic Team, which was due to compete in the 1936 Summer Olympics in Nazi Germany, she refused to participate, as a protest against the Nazi regime in Germany and their anti-semitism. In retaliation, Langer was banned for life by the Austrian Swimming Federation from competing in Austria. The lifetime ban was not lifted until 60 years later, at which time the Republic of Austria and the Austrian Swimming Federation officially apologized to her, and reinstated her titles and honors which they had repealed. Personal life Langer was born in Vi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hedy Bienenfeld
Hedwig "Hedy" Bienenfeld, also known after marriage as Hedy Wertheimer (17 October 1907 – 24 September 1976) was an Austrian Olympic swimmer. She won a bronze medal in the 200m breaststroke at the 1927 European Aquatics Championships. She competed in the same discipline at the 1928 Summer Olympics. At the 1932 Maccabiah Games and 1935 Maccabiah Games in Mandatory Palestine, she won a combined five gold medals, one silver medal, and one bronze medal in swimming. Biography Swimming career Bienenfeld was Jewish, and competed for the Jewish sports club Hakoah Vienna, which had been founded in 1909 in response to the "Aryan clause" that banned Jews from joining other sports clubs. In 1924, at 15 years of age, Bienenfeld won the annual Austrian five-mile open-water swimming competition ''Quer durch Wien'' (Across Vienna) on the Danube that gathered about 500,000 spectators. In 1925, she was second, after Löwy who swam freestyle. Subsequently, she became a popular swimsuit mode ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
František Getreuer
František Getreuer (18 December 1906 – 6 February 1945) was a Czech national champion swimmer and Olympic water polo player.Jan Stumbauer (2010)"The Contribution to the History of the Jewish Sports in Czechoslovakia in the Years 1918–1939"/ref> He was murdered in Dachau concentration camp. Biography Getreuer competed in the men's tournament at the 1928 Summer Olympics, coming in 9th with the Czechoslovak water polo team. He won the gold medal in the 400m freestyle in the Third Slavic Swimming Championship in Warsaw, Poland, in 1929. In the 1930 Czechoslovak Championship held, Getreuer won gold medals in the 200m freestyle, 400m freestyle, 1,500m freestyle, and 4x200-meter freestyle relay. At the 1935 Maccabiah Games in Mandatory Palestine, Getreuer won gold medals in the 400m freestyle and the 1,500m freestyle, as well as a team gold meal in water polo. Getreuer was Jewish. He lived in Prague, and was deported to Terezín concentration camp on 12 April 1941. He was lat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pavol Steiner
Pavol Steiner, also Pavel Steiner and Paul Steiner (29 March 1908 in Bratislava – 4 June 1969 in Martin, Žilina) was a Czechoslovak Olympic water polo player and swimmer. He was also a cardiology surgeon. Steiner competed in the 1928 Summer Olympics in water polo, won a bronze medal at the 1931 European Aquatics Championships in swimming, and won five swimming gold medals and one water polo gold medal combined at the 1932 Maccabiah Games and 1935 Maccabiah Games in Mandatory Palestine. Water polo and swimming career Steiner was Jewish, and was a member of Jewish sport clubs in interwar Czechoslovakia. He competed at 19 years of age with the Czechoslovakia men's national water polo team in the 1927 European Water Polo Championship in Bologna, Italy, in which they came in 7th. Steiner competed in the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, coming in 9th with the Czechoslovakia men's national water polo team in water polo at the Games. He also competed in s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ben Bril
Barend "Ben" Bril (16 July 1912 – 11 September 2003) was a Dutch boxer who competed in the 1928 Amsterdam Summer Olympics in Flyweight boxing, and became an accomplished European boxing referee and judge in the 1960s. Early life and career Bril was born in Valkenburgstraat, a poor section of Amsterdam to Jewish parents Abraham Bril and Klaartie Moffie on 16 July 1912. He was one of six children of a struggling family supported primarily by their father's work as a fisherman. Bril competed in the 1928 Summer Olympics at age 15 in his home town, finishing fifth in the flyweight class, just out of medal contention. In his Olympic competition, after a first round bye, he defeated Myles McDonagh of Ireland, before losing to Buddy Lebanon of South Africa. Four years later he was barred from the 1932 Summer Olympics because the Dutch Olympic Committee was led by a member of the Dutch Nazi party. He later boycotted the 1936 Games in Berlin."Obituaries, Ben Bril", ''The Newark Advo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfred König
Alfred König, also known as Ali Ferit Gören and Alfred Göring (born 2 October 1913-1987), was an Austrian-Turkish Olympic sprinter. He was Austrian national champion in the 200m juniors in 1932, the 400m in 1936, the 4x100m relay in 1937, and the 4x400m relay in 1934 and 1937. At the 1935 Maccabiah Games in Mandatory Palestine, he won a gold medal in the 200m, was part of the gold medal winning 4x400m relay, won a silver medal in the 400m, and won a bronze medal in the 4x100m relay. He competed at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin, Germany. He moved to Turkey following the ''Anschluss'' in 1938, and running under the name Ali Ferit Gören in 1938 he broke the Turkish national record while winning the 1938 Balkan Games 400 m title. In 1939, he successfully defended his 400m Balkan Games gold medal, and won three other medals. Early life König was born in Vienna, Austria, and was Jewish. His father Jakob was a merchant who spent many years in Istanbul, Turkey, and his mothe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lillian Copeland
Lillian Copeland (born Lillian Drossin; November 24, 1904 – July 7, 1964) was an American track and field Olympic champion athlete, who excelled in discus, javelin throwing, and shot put, setting multiple world records. She has been called "the most successful female discus thrower in U.S. history". She also held multiple titles in shot put and javelin throwing. She won a silver medal in discus at the 1928 Summer Olympics, a gold medal in discus at the 1932 Summer Olympics, and gold medals in discus, javelin, and shot put at the 1935 Maccabiah Games in Mandatory Palestine. In 1928, ''The New York Times'' reported that Copeland was "considered by many the all around best woman athlete in the country." Until the 2008 Beijing Games 74 years after she became an Olympic champion, she was the only American woman to win the discus throw at a modern Olympics. She has been inducted into the USATF Hall of Fame, the Helms Athletic Hall of Fame, the International Jewish Sports Hall of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sprinting At The 2nd Maccabiah
Sprinting is running over a short distance at the top-most speed of the body in a limited period of time. It is used in many sports that incorporate running, typically as a way of quickly reaching a target or goal, or avoiding or catching an opponent. Human physiology dictates that a runner's near-top speed cannot be maintained for more than 30–35 seconds due to the depletion of phosphocreatine stores in muscles, and perhaps secondarily to excessive metabolic acidosis as a result of anaerobic glycolysis. In athletics and track and field, sprints (or dashes) are races over short distances. They are among the oldest running competitions, being recorded at the Ancient Olympic Games. Three sprints are currently held at the modern Summer Olympics and outdoor World Championships: the 100 metres, 200 metres, and 400 metres. At the professional level, sprinters begin the race by assuming a crouching position in the starting blocks before driving forward and gradually moving into an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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