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1923 In Mandatory Palestine
Several events and notable births happened during 1923 in the British Mandate of Palestine. Incumbents * High Commissioner – Sir Herbert Louis Samuel * Emir of Transjordan – Abdullah I bin al-Hussein * Prime Minister of Transjordan – 'Ali Rida Basha al-Rikabi until 1 February; Mazhar Raslan (acting prime minister) until 5 September; Hasan Khalid Abu al-Huda Events * 15 May – Britain recognizes Transjordan as an independent government, although it still remains part of the British Mandate of Palestine. * 16–20 June – Sixth Palestine Arab Congress held in Jaffa. * 26 September – The British Mandate for Palestine, a legal instrument for the administration of Palestine, confirmed by the Council of the League of Nations on 24 July 1922, comes into effect. Unknown date * The founding of Ramat HaSharon, at the time named Ir Shalom ( he, עִיר שָׁלוֹם, ''lit.'' City of Peace), by a group of Jewish immigrants from Poland. Notable births * 21 February - Avr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mandatory Palestine
Mandatory Palestine ( ar, فلسطين الانتدابية '; he, פָּלֶשְׂתִּינָה (א״י) ', where "E.Y." indicates ''’Eretz Yiśrā’ēl'', the Land of Israel) was a geopolitical entity established between 1920 and 1948 in the region of Palestine under the terms of the League of Nations Mandate for Palestine. During the First World War (1914–1918), an Arab uprising against Ottoman rule and the British Empire's Egyptian Expeditionary Force under General Edmund Allenby drove the Ottoman Turks out of the Levant during the Sinai and Palestine Campaign. The United Kingdom had agreed in the McMahon–Hussein Correspondence that it would honour Arab independence if the Arabs revolted against the Ottoman Turks, but the two sides had different interpretations of this agreement, and in the end, the United Kingdom and France divided the area under the Sykes–Picot Agreementan act of betrayal in the eyes of the Arabs. Further complicating the issue was t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hasan Khalid Abu Al-Huda
Hasan Khaled Abu Al-Huda ( ar, حسن خالد ابو الهدى; 1870 – 1936Abul Huda (December 23, 1936). ''The Times'') was a politician who served as the 4th Prime Minister of Transjordan twice in 1923–24 and 1926–1931. He was Minister of Finance from 1924 to 1926. Family and early life Hasan Khaled was the son of Muhammad bin Hasan Wadi, an official of the Ottoman Empire, nicknamed "al-Sayyid Abul Huda" and "al-Sayyadi", from Khan Shaykhun, Syria, who claimed to descend from a local saint. Hasan Khaled's father was the leader of the Rifaʽi sect of Sufiism, Naqib (Chief Sherif) of Aleppo, and religious adviser of Sultan Abdulhamid II on Arab affairs. Hasan Khaled spent most of his childhood in Istanbul, where his family resided. He married an Egyptian of Turkish origins, Devlet Abu Gabal, with whom he had two daughters, Velia Abdel-Huda (1916-2012), an Oxford-educated socialite and art historian, and Halime Lima Hanımefendi (1919-2000), who married Şehzade Mehmed Na ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uzzi Ornan
Uzzi Ornan ( he, עוזי אורנן; ISO 259-3: ˁuzzi ˀornan; 7 June 1923 – 3 November 2022) was an Israeli linguist and social activist. Ornan was a member of the Academy of the Hebrew Language, professor of natural languages computing at the Technion and professor emeritus at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Ornan was a member of the Israeli Canaanite movement, founded by his brother Yonatan Ratosh. He was the founder of the League against religious coercion in Israel and an active supporter of the separation of church and state. Biography Ornan was born in Jerusalem as ''Uzziel Halperin'', son of Yechiel Halperin, a Hebrew teacher and supporter of Chaim Weizmann, and Paulia, a member of Poale Zion. His parents immigrated to Mandate-era Palestine in 1919, as pioneers of the Third Aliyah. One of his brothers was Yonatan Ratosh. In his youth, Ornan was active in the Irgun as a bomb-maker. In 1944 he was detained by the British authorities. Subsequently, he was de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Olei Hagardom
Olei Hagardom ( he, עולי הגרדום, lit. "those who ascended to the gallows") refers to members of the two Jewish Revisionist pre-state underground organisations Irgun and Lehi, who were tried in British Mandate courts and sentenced to death by hanging, most of them in Acre prison. There were 12 ''Olei Hagardom''. The term does not include members of the Nili organisation hanged by the Ottoman government during World War I. History The British Mandate for Palestine was an instrument of government instituted by the League of Nations for the administration of territories formerly under the rule of the Ottoman Empire. British rule lasted from 1917-1948. During the 1936–1939 Arab revolt hundreds of Jews were killed by Arabs but the Yishuv leadership didn't respond. The militant group known as the Irgun embarked on an intensive armed campaign against Arab targets. Later British targets were added also. With the outbreak of World War II, militant actions against the Bri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Irgun
Irgun • Etzel , image = Irgun.svg , image_size = 200px , caption = Irgun emblem. The map shows both Mandatory Palestine and the Emirate of Transjordan, which the Irgun claimed in its entirety for a future Jewish state. The acronym "Etzel" is written above the map, and "raq kach" ("only thus") is written below. , dates = 1931–1948 , country = Yishuv, Mandatory Palestine Israel , type = Paramilitary (pre-independence) Unified armed forces (post-independence) , role = , size = , battles = Arab Revolt in PalestineWorld War II *Anglo-Iraqi War *Syria–Lebanon Campaign Jewish Revolt in Palestine Palestine Civil War1948 Arab–Israeli War , disbanded = 11 June 1948 , commander1 = , commander1_label = , commander2 = , commander2_label = , commander3 = , commander3_label = , notable_commanders = Ze'ev Jabotinsky, Avraham Tehomi, Menachem Begin , identification_symbol = , identification_symbol_label = , identification_symbol_2 = , identification_symbol_2_label ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eliezer Kashani
Eliezer Kashani ( he, אליעזר קשאני; 1923–1947) was an Irgun member in Mandatory Palestine and one of the 12 Olei Hagardom. Early life Kashani was born in Petah Tikva to an impoverished Persian-Jewish family with 4 brothers and 3 sisters. In his youth he was a part of the Maccabi movement, and he worked in a factory at age 13. On August 23rd, 1944, Kashani was arrested by the British on suspicions of belonging to the Irgun and sent to Latrun. He was eventually relocated to Eritrea alongside 250 other Jewish prisoners. While in Africa, Kashani insisted on joining the Underground, although at first they would not accept him for being in detention. While in Eritrea, he learned English fluently. When he returned to Palestine, he became a prominent fighter for the Irgun Zvai Leumi, despite the risk of being reported to the British police for being a suspect. Activity in the Underground In the Underground he dealt with intelligence, weapons, and military operations. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shmuel Tamir
Shmuel M. Tamir ( he, שמואל תמיר, born Shmuel Katznelson; 10 March 1923 – 29 June 1987) was a prominent Israeli independence fighter, lawyer, patriot and Knesset member. After a successful career fighting the British he entered the Knesset from 1965 to 1980, rising to become Minister of Justice in the government of Menachem Begin from 1977 until 1980. Tamir was an ardent anti-Nazi leading proactive legal cases to prosecute perpetrators of the Holocaust and war criminals. Tamir's maverick politics finally led him into an independent politician after several attempts of coalition with nationalist right-wing parties. Biography Born in Jerusalem, Shmuel was the son of Reuven Katznelson (a member of the Jewish Legion and Joseph Trumpeldor's sergeant and comrade in the Battle of Gallipoli) and Batsheva Katznelson (a member of the Knesset). Two of his uncles were Joseph Katznelson, a companion of Ze'ev Jabotinsky and one of the Irgun's two Chiefs of Illegal Immigration an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gideon Ben-Yisrael
Gideon Ben-Yisrael ( he, גדעון בן-ישראל, 6 March 1923 – 18 December 2014) was an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset for Mapai and Rafi in the 1950s and 1960s. Biography Born in Haifa during the Mandate era, Ben-Yisrael joined the Haganah, and between 1938 and 1940 was a recruiting officer in Jerusalem. During World War II he volunteered for the Jewish Brigade, and following the war he helped to smuggle holocaust survivors into Palestine. He then fought in the 1948 Arab-Israeli War and was wounded in the Battle for Jerusalem. He was demobilised from the IDF as a major. After the war, he studied economics and international relations at the London School of Economics. He returned to Israel in 1953 and served as secretary of the Beersheba Workers Council, and was head of Labor Relations in the Ministry of Labour. He also lectured on labour relations at Tel Aviv University and the Hebrew University, and was a member of the co-ordinating committee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avraham Biton
Avraham Biton ( he, אברהם ביטון; 21 February 1923 – 18 February 2005) was an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset for the Alignment and Labor Party between 1965 and 1969. Biography Born in Mandatory Palestine in 1923, Biton joined the Haganah at the age of 16, and later commanded a platoon in the Hish. During the 1948 Arab-Israeli War he commanded a company in the Givati Brigade, and was later demobilised from the IDF as a major. In 1947 he had begun working at the Palestine Electricity Corporation (which was to become the Israel Electric Corporation) and later became chairman of its national secretariat. Knesset website In |
Ramat HaSharon
Ramat HaSharon ( he, רָמַת הַשָּׁרוֹן, ''lit.'' '' Sharon Heights'', ar, رمات هشارون) is a city located on Israel's central coastal strip in the south of the Sharon region, bordering Tel Aviv to the south, Hod HaSharon to the east, and Herzliya and Kibbutz Glil Yam to the north. It is part of the Tel Aviv District, within the Gush Dan metropolitan area. In it had a population of . History Ramat HaSharon, originally Ir Shalom ( he, עִיר שָׁלוֹם, ''lit.'' City of Peace), was a moshava established in 1923 by olim from Poland. It was built on 2,000 dunams () of land purchased for 5 Egyptian pounds per dunam. In the 1931 census, the village had a population of 312. In 1932, the community was renamed Kfar Ramat HaSharon (Heights of Sharon Village). By 1950, the population was up to 900. Rapid population growth in the 1960s and 70s led to construction of many new roadways, schools and parks. Several distinct neighborhood evolved in the 1970s, i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
League Of Nations
The League of Nations (french: link=no, Société des Nations ) was the first worldwide intergovernmental organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world peace. It was founded on 10 January 1920 by the Paris Peace Conference that ended the First World War. The main organization ceased operations on 20 April 1946 but many of its components were relocated into the new United Nations. The League's primary goals were stated in its Covenant. They included preventing wars through collective security and disarmament and settling international disputes through negotiation and arbitration. Its other concerns included labour conditions, just treatment of native inhabitants, human and drug trafficking, the arms trade, global health, prisoners of war, and protection of minorities in Europe. The Covenant of the League of Nations was signed on 28 June 1919 as Part I of the Treaty of Versailles, and it became effective together with the rest of the Treaty on 10 January 1920. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
League Of Nations Mandate
A League of Nations mandate was a legal status for certain territories transferred from the control of one country to another following World War I, or the legal instruments that contained the internationally agreed-upon terms for administering the territory on behalf of the League of Nations. These were of the nature of both a treaty and a constitution, which contained minority rights clauses that provided for the rights of petition and adjudication by the Permanent Court of International Justice. The mandate system was established under Article 22 of the Covenant of the League of Nations, entered into force on 28 June 1919. With the dissolution of the League of Nations after World War II, it was stipulated at the Yalta Conference that the remaining Mandates should be placed under the trusteeship of the United Nations, subject to future discussions and formal agreements. Most of the remaining mandates of the League of Nations (with the exception of South-West Africa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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