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1747 In Scotland
Events from the year 1747 in Scotland. Incumbents Law officers * Lord Advocate – William Grant of Prestongrange * Solicitor General for Scotland – Patrick Haldane of Gleneagles, jointly with Alexander Hume Judiciary * Lord President of the Court of Session – Lord Culloden * Lord Justice General – Lord Ilay * Lord Justice Clerk – Lord Milton Events * 8 May – ''Veteran'' sails from Liverpool with 149 Jacobite prisoners (including 15 women) on board to be settled as indentured slaves in the West Indies. On 28 June, the French privateer ''Diamant'' captures the ship and frees the slaves. * May – abolition of Hereditable Jurisdictions Act breaks the power of the clans. * 17 June – Vesting Act authorizes Scottish Court of Exchequer to inquire into the value of estates forfeited from participants in the Jacobite rising of 1745, most forfeitures being upheld, although the Indemnity Act lifts some legal penalties from the participants. * 29 December – ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lord Advocate
His Majesty's Advocate, known as the Lord Advocate ( gd, Morair Tagraidh, sco, Laird Advocat), is the chief legal officer of the Scottish Government and the Crown in Scotland for both civil and criminal matters that fall within the devolved powers of the Scottish Parliament. They are the chief public prosecutor for Scotland and all prosecutions on indictment are conducted by the Crown Office and Procurator Fiscal Service in the Lord Advocate's name on behalf of the Monarch. The officeholder is one of the Great Officers of State of Scotland. The current Lord Advocate is Dorothy Bain KC, who was nominated by First Minister Nicola Sturgeon in June 2021. History The office of Advocate to the monarch is an ancient one. The first recognised Lord Advocate was esteemed legal scholar and philosopher Sir Ross Grimley of Goldenacre, recorded in 1483 as serving King James III. At this time the post was generally called the King's Advocate and only in the year 1573 was the term "Lo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sheriffs (Scotland) Act 1747
The Sheriffs (Scotland) Act 1747 (21 Geo.II c.19) was an Act of the Parliament of Great BritainThe Act was actually passed in 1748, but is listed under 1747 because under the common law Acts of Parliament took effect retrospectively from the beginning of the session in which they were passed, which in this case was 1747: see the article Acts of Parliament (Commencement) Act 1793 for the explanation as to why. However this Act was expressed to take effect from 1 April 1748. which applied only to Scotland. It stated that anyone who was prosecuted on or after 1 April 1748 for treason or misprision of treason could be tried anywhere in Scotland if the crime had been committed in any of the shires of Dunbartain, Stirling, Perth, Kincardine, Aberdeen, Inverness, Nairn, Cromarty, Argyll, Forfarshire, Banff, Sutherland, Caithness, Elgine, Ross, and Orkney. Normally a crime had to be tried in the shire where it had been committed. The Act also said that in such a trial, the ju ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1792 In France
Events from the year 1792 in France. Incumbents *Monarch: Louis XVI (until 21 September; monarchy abolished) *The Legislative Assembly (until 21 September) *The National Convention (from 21 September) Events March *25 March – The Legislative Assembly agrees that the guillotine should be used for judicial executions. April *20 April – The Legislative Assembly declares war against Austria, starting the French Revolutionary Wars and War of the First Coalition. *25 April ** Highwayman Nicolas Pelletier becomes the first person executed by guillotine in France, in what becomes the Place de l'Hôtel de Ville in Paris. ** '' La Marseillaise'', the French national anthem, is composed by Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle. June *13 June – Prussia declares war against France. *20 June – Demonstration of 20 June 1792. August *10 August – French Revolution: Insurrection of 10 August 1792 – The Tuileries Palace is stormed and Louis XVI of France is arrested and taken into cu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
American Revolution
The American Revolution was an ideological and political revolution that occurred in British America between 1765 and 1791. The Americans in the Thirteen Colonies formed independent states that defeated the British in the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783), gaining independence from the The Crown, British Crown and establishing the United States of America as the first nation-state founded on Age of Enlightenment, Enlightenment principles of liberal democracy. Colonial history of the United States, American colonists objected to being taxed by the Parliament of Great Britain, a body in which they had no taxation without representation, no direct representation. Before the 1760s, Britain's American colonies had enjoyed a high level of autonomy in their internal affairs, which were locally governed by colonial legislatures. During the 1760s, however, the British Parliament passed a number of acts that were intended to bring the American colonies under more direct rule f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arbigland
Arbigland in the historical county of Kirkcudbrightshire, Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland, lies on the coast of the Solway Firth, to the south-east of Kirkbean. It is the birthplace of John Paul Jones, the United States' first well-known naval commander in the American Revolutionary War. There is a birthplace museum in the cottage where he was born, donated by the Blackett family to the John Paul Jones Museum Trust in 1997. Classical mansion The Neoclassical architecture, classical-styled Arbigland House was built in 1755 by the improving lord, laird and gentleman architect William Craik (1703–98). His daughter, the poet and novelist Helen Craik (1751–1825), lived there until 1792. She was a friend and supporter of Robert Burns, who dined at the House. William's illegitimate son, James Craik, was the first Surgeon General of the United States Army, Physician General of the United States Army and personal physician of George Washington. It is a Category A listed building. Ga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Paul Jones
John Paul Jones (born John Paul; July 6, 1747 July 18, 1792) was a Scottish-American naval captain who was the United States' first well-known naval commander in the American Revolutionary War. He made many friends among U.S political elites (including John Hancock and Benjamin Franklin) as well as enemies (who accused him of piracy), and his actions in British waters during the Revolution earned him an international reputation that persists to this day. As such, he is sometimes referred to as the "Father of the American Navy" (a nickname he shares with John Barry and John Adams). Jones was born and raised in Scotland, became a sailor at the age of thirteen, and served as commander of several merchantmen. After having killed one of his mutinous crew members with a sword, he fled to the Colony of Virginia and around 1775 joined the newly founded Continental Navy in their fight against the Kingdom of Great Britain in the American Revolutionary War. He commanded U.S. Navy ship ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
6 July
Events Pre-1600 *371 BC – The Battle of Leuctra shatters Sparta's reputation of military invincibility. * 640 – Battle of Heliopolis: The Muslim Arab army under 'Amr ibn al-'As defeat the Byzantine forces near Heliopolis (Egypt). *1253 – Mindaugas is crowned King of Lithuania. *1348 – Pope Clement VI issues a papal bull protecting the Jews accused of having caused the Black Death. *1411 – Ming China's Admiral Zheng He returns to Nanjing after the third treasure voyage and presents the Sinhalese king, captured during the Ming–Kotte War, to the Yongle Emperor. *1415 – Jan Hus is condemned by the assembly of the council in the Konstanz Cathedral as a heretic and sentenced to be burned at the stake. (See Deaths section.)Schaff, David Schley, ''John Huss: his life, teachings and death, after five hundred years'', (Charles Scribner's Sons, 1915), p. 257 *1438 – A temporary compromise between the rebellious Transylvanian peasants a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1836 In Scotland
Events from the year 1836 in Scotland. Incumbents Law officers * Lord Advocate – John Murray * Solicitor General for Scotland – John Cunninghame Judiciary * Lord President of the Court of Session – Lord Granton * Lord Justice General – The Duke of Montrose until 30 December (separate office abolished on his death) * Lord Justice Clerk – Lord Boyle Events * 17 May – Arbroath and Forfar Railway authorised. * 19 May – Dundee and Arbroath Railway authorised. * June – 17 miniature coffins of unknown provenance are found in a cave on Arthur's Seat in Edinburgh. * 1 July – North of Scotland Bank (a constituent of Clydesdale Bank) established in Aberdeen by Alexander Anderson and others. * 16 July – the brig ''Mariner'' leaves Loch Eriboll on the north coast for Cape Breton Island and Quebec in British North America with 154 emigrants, mostly from the nearby Reay district. * 30 July – Savings Bank of Glasgow established. * 7 August – St Andrew's Cat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Gillies (historian)
John Gillies (; 1747–1836) was a Scottish tutor, historian and man of letters. Life Gillies was born at Brechin, in Forfarshire, the son of Robert Gillies of Little Keithock, a merchant, and his wife, Margaret Smith. He was educated in Brechin and then sent to the University of Glasgow, where, at the age of twenty, he acted for a short time as substitute for the professor of Greek. He graduated MA in 1764. He lived for a while in Germany and returned in 1784. He was awarded a doctorate (LLD) in the same year. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in January 1789. In 1793 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. His proposers were James Gregory, William Wright, and John Playfair. On the death of William Robertson (1721–1793), Gillies was appointed Historiographer Royal for Scotland. In his old age he retired to Clapham, where he died on 15 February 1836. He was the older brother of judge Adam Gillies, Lord Gillies. Works His ''History of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
18 January
Events Pre-1600 * 474 – Seven-year-old Leo II succeeds his maternal grandfather Leo I as Byzantine emperor. He dies ten months later. * 532 – Nika riots in Constantinople fail. * 1126 – Emperor Huizong abdicates the Chinese throne in favour of his son Emperor Qinzong. *1486 – King Henry VII of England marries Elizabeth of York, daughter of Edward IV, uniting the House of Lancaster and the House of York. *1562 – Pope Pius IV reopens the Council of Trent for its third and final session. *1586 – The magnitude 7.9 Tenshō earthquake strikes Honshu, Japan, killing 8,000 people and triggering a tsunami. 1601–1900 *1670 – Henry Morgan captures Panama. *1701 – Frederick I crowns himself King of Prussia in Königsberg. *1778 – James Cook is the first known European to discover the Hawaiian Islands, which he names the "Sandwich Islands". *1788 – The first elements of the First Fleet carrying 736 convicts from Great ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scurvy
Scurvy is a disease resulting from a lack of vitamin C (ascorbic acid). Early symptoms of deficiency include weakness, feeling tired and sore arms and legs. Without treatment, decreased red blood cells, gum disease, changes to hair, and bleeding from the skin may occur. As scurvy worsens there can be poor wound healing, personality changes, and finally death from infection or bleeding. It takes at least a month of little to no vitamin C in the diet before symptoms occur. In modern times, scurvy occurs most commonly in people with mental disorders, unusual eating habits, alcoholism, and older people who live alone. Other risk factors include intestinal malabsorption and dialysis. While many animals produce their own vitamin C, humans and a few others do not. Vitamin C is required to make the building blocks for collagen. Diagnosis is typically based on physical signs, X-rays, and improvement after treatment. Treatment is with vitamin C supplements taken by mouth. Improvement ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Citrus Fruit
''Citrus'' is a genus of flowering trees and shrubs in the rue family, Rutaceae. Plants in the genus produce citrus fruits, including important crops such as oranges, lemons, grapefruits, pomelos, and limes. The genus ''Citrus'' is native to South Asia, East Asia, Southeast Asia, Melanesia, and Australia. Various citrus species have been used and domesticated by indigenous cultures in these areas since ancient times. From there its cultivation spread into Micronesia and Polynesia by the Austronesian expansion (c. 3000–1500 BCE); and to the Middle East and the Mediterranean (c. 1200 BCE) via the incense trade route, and onwards to Europe and the Americas. History Citrus plants are native to subtropical and tropical regions of Asia, Island Southeast Asia, Near Oceania, and northeastern Australia. Domestication of citrus species involved much hybridization and introgression, leaving much uncertainty about when and where domestication first happened. A genomic, phylogeni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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