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1640 In Spain
Incumbents *Monarch - Philip IV of Spain, Philip IV Events *May - beginning of the Reapers' War, Catalan Revolt *September - Royal army occupies Tortosa *December 8 - a large Royal army under Pedro Fajardo de Zúñiga y Requesens headed for Barcelona, passing through Cambrils. *December 13–16 - Catalan Revolt: Battle of Cambrils. Catalan rebels massacred by Royal army after surrender *December 24 - Royal army takes Tarragona Deaths *June 7 - Dalmau de Queralt, Count of Santa Coloma, Viceroy of Catalonia, assassinated *December 16 - Antoni d'Armengol, Jacint Vilosa, Carles Bertrolà i de Caldés, Catalan Revolt leaders at Cambrils, execution by garrote References {{Europe topic, 1640 in 1640 in Spain, 1640s in Spain ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philip IV Of Spain
Philip IV ( es, Felipe, pt, Filipe; 8 April 160517 September 1665), also called the Planet King (Spanish: ''Rey Planeta''), was King of Spain from 1621 to his death and (as Philip III) King of Portugal from 1621 to 1640. Philip is remembered for his patronage of the arts, including such artists as Diego Velázquez, and his rule over Spain during the Thirty Years' War. By the time of his death, the Spanish Empire had reached approximately 12.2 million square kilometers (4.7 million square miles) in area but in other aspects was in decline, a process to which Philip contributed with his inability to achieve successful domestic and military reform. Personal life Philip IV was born in the Royal Palace of Valladolid, and was the eldest son of Philip III of Spain, Philip III and his wife, Margaret of Austria (1584–1611), Margaret of Austria. In 1615, at the age of 10, Philip was married to 13-year-old Elisabeth of France (1602–1644), Elisabeth of France. Although the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reapers' War
The Reapers' War ( ca, Guerra dels Segadors, , es, Guerra de los Segadores), also known as the Catalan Revolt, was a conflict that affected a large part of the Principality of Catalonia between the years of 1640 and 1659. It had an enduring effect in the Treaty of the Pyrenees (1659), which ceded the County of Roussillon and the northern half of the County of Cerdanya to France (see French Cerdagne), splitting these northern Catalan territories off from the Principality of Catalonia and the Crown of Aragon, and thereby receding the borders of Spain to the Pyrenees. Background The war had its roots in the discomfort generated in Catalan society by the presence of the royal army (made mostly of mercenaries from different nationalities) during the Franco-Spanish War (1635–59), Franco-Spanish War between the Kingdom of France and the Monarchy of Spain as part of the Thirty Years' War. Gaspar de Guzmán, Count-Duke of Olivares, the chief minister of Philip IV of Spain, Philip I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tortosa
Tortosa (; ) is the capital of the ''Catalonia/Comarques, comarca'' of Baix Ebre, in Catalonia, Spain. Tortosa is located at above sea level, by the Ebro river, protected on its northern side by the mountains of the Cardó Massif, of which Buinaca, one of the highest peaks, is located within Tortosa's municipal boundary. Before Tortosa, across the river, rise the massive Ports de Tortosa-Beseit mountains. The area around Mont Caro and other high summits are often covered with snow in the winter. Population centres *Bítem, 1.139; includes Santa Rosa, Tortosa, Santa Rosa *Campredó, 1.168; *Jesús, Tortosa, Jesús, 3.755 *Els Reguers, 679 *Tortosa, 27.131 *Vinallop, 363, includes Mianes The municipality includes a small exclave to the west. History Tortosa (from la, Dertusa or , via ar, طرطوشة ''Ṭurṭūshah'') is probably identical to the ancient Hibera, capital of Ilercavonia. This may be the ancient settlement the remains of which have been found on the hill named ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pedro Fajardo De Zúñiga Y Requesens
Pedro is a masculine given name. Pedro is the Spanish, Portuguese, and Galician name for ''Peter''. Its French equivalent is Pierre while its English and Germanic form is Peter. The counterpart patronymic surname of the name Pedro, meaning "son of Peter" (compare with the English surname Peterson) is Pérez in Spanish, and Peres in Galician and Portuguese, Pires also in Portuguese, and Peiris in coastal area of Sri Lanka (where it originated from the Portuguese version), with all ultimately meaning "son of Pêro". The name Pedro is derived via the Latin word "petra", from the Greek word "η πέτρα" meaning "stone, rock". The name Peter itself is a translation of the Aramaic ''Kephas'' or '' Cephas'' meaning "stone". An alternate archaic spelling is ''Pêro''. Pedro may refer to: Notable people Monarchs, mononymously *Pedro I of Portugal *Pedro II of Portugal *Pedro III of Portugal *Pedro IV of Portugal, also Pedro I of Brazil *Pedro V of Portugal *Pedro II of Bra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barcelona
Barcelona ( , , ) is a city on the coast of northeastern Spain. It is the capital and largest city of the autonomous community of Catalonia, as well as the second most populous municipality of Spain. With a population of 1.6 million within city limits,Barcelona: Población por municipios y sexo – Instituto Nacional de Estadística. (National Statistics Institute) its urban area extends to numerous neighbouring municipalities within the and is home to around 4.8 million people, making it the [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cambrils
Cambrils () is a coastal town in the comarca of Baix Camp, province of Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain. The town is near the tourist town Salou and is frequently visited by those travelling by air using Reus Airport. History Roman empire to Middle Ages The town of Cambrils can trace its origins back to prehistoric times, although it was not until the Roman period that the present town of Cambrils began to grow. This is evident from the archaeological sites found throughout the municipality, such as the Roman villa of ''La Llosa'', strategically located alongside the Via Augusta and not far from the Roman capital of Tarraco. By the mediaeval period, there was already a permanent settlement on the right bank of the Alforja Torrent. From 1152, the kingdom of Aragon, having driven the Moors out of Catalonia, granted a series of privileges to encourage the repopulation of the place known as Cambrils. It was in the 12th century that the foundations were laid for the establishment ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Cambrils
The Battle of Cambrils or the Massacre of Cambrils took place in December 1640 during the Reapers' War. The revolt had started in May–June 1640 and as a reaction the Spanish Army had occupied Tortosa in Catalonia in September. On December 8 a large army under Pedro Fajardo de Zúñiga y Requesens headed for Barcelona, passing through Cambrils. Here, a small force of Catalan rebels attempted to ambush this much larger force, before withdrawing into the town and attempting to defend it. After several days of bombardment and heavy fighting the Spanish captured the town. When the defenders tried to surrender, some 700 of them were massacred. The three leaders were quickly tried and executed on the garrote. The next day, more people were hanged and the city was sacked. The Spanish army then continued in the direction of Barcelona, taking Tarragona Tarragona (, ; Phoenician: ''Tarqon''; la, Tarraco) is a port city located in northeast Spain on the Costa Daurada by the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tarragona
Tarragona (, ; Phoenician: ''Tarqon''; la, Tarraco) is a port city located in northeast Spain on the Costa Daurada by the Mediterranean Sea. Founded before the fifth century BC, it is the capital of the Province of Tarragona, and part of Tarragonès and Catalonia. Geographically, it is bordered on the north by the Province of Barcelona and the Province of Lleida. The city has a population of 201,199 (2014). History Origins One Catalan legend holds that Tarragona was named for ''Tarraho'', eldest son of Tubal in c. 2407 BC; another (derived from Strabo and Megasthenes) attributes the name to ' Tearcon the Ethiopian', a seventh-century BC pharaoh who campaigned in Spain. The real founding date of Tarragona is unknown. The city may have begun as an Iberian town called or , named for the Iberian tribe of the region, the Cossetans, though the identification of Tarragona with Kesse is not certain. William Smith suggests that the city was probably founded by the Phoenicians, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dalmau De Queralt, Count Of Santa Coloma
Dalmau de Queralt i de Codina, Count of Santa Coloma (; died 7 June 1640, Barcelona), was a Catalan noble, viceroy of Catalonia between 1638 and 1640, who was assassinated by Catalan rebels at the beginning of the Catalan Revolt. Biography Dalmau was the son of Pere de Queralt and Icart Cardona i Luyando, first Count of Santa Coloma, and his wife Maria Codina. He was named viceroy in 1638 by Philip IV, after the resignation of Enrique de Aragón Folc de Cardona y Córdoba. During the years 1639 and 1640 he participated in the campaigns of Roussillon against the French as the adjutant of Filippo Espínola, generalissimo of the armies of the Spanish monarchy on the frontier with France, in the framework of the Thirty Years War. His greatest victory was the Siege of Salses The siege of Salses (1639–1640) was a double siege during the Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659), starting with a French success, but ending with a Spanish victory. Siege On 9 June 1639, a French arm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Viceroy Of Catalonia
This is a list of Spanish viceroys (also called lieutenants) of the Principality of Catalonia from 1479 to 1713. *1479–1493: Enrique de Aragón *1493–1495: Juan de Lanuza y Garabito *1495–1496: Juan Fernández de Heredia *1496–1501: Juan de Aragón, Conde de Ribagorza *1501–1514: Jaime de Luna *1514–1521: Alonso de Aragón, Archbishop of Zaragoza *1521–1523: Pere Folc de Cardona, Archbishop of Tarragona *1523–1525: Antonio de Zúñiga, Prior of Castile, Order of Saint John of Jerusalem *1525–1539: Fadrique de Portugal y Noroña, Bishop of Sigüenza *1539–1543: Saint Francis Borgia, 4th Duke of Gandia, 3rd General Father of the Jesuit Order *1543–1554: Juan Fernández Manrique de Lara, Marqués de Aguilar de Campoo *1554–1558: Pedro Afán de Ribera, Duque de Alcalá *1558–1564: García Álvarez de Toledo, 4th Marquis of Villafranca del Bierzo *1564–1571: Diego Hurtado de Mendoza y d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Garrote
A garrote or garrote vil (a Spanish word; alternative spellings include garotte and similar variants''Oxford English Dictionary'', 11th Ed: garrotte is normal British English spelling, with single r alternate. Article title is US English spelling variant.) is a weapon, usually a handheld ligature of chain, rope, scarf, wire or fishing line, used to strangle a person.Newquist, H.P. and Maloof, Rich, ''This Will Kill You: A Guide to the Ways in Which We Go'', New York: St. Martin's Press, (2009), pp. 133-6 Assassination weapon A garrote can be made out of many different materials, including ropes, cloth, cable ties, fishing lines, nylon, guitar strings, telephone cord or piano wire.Whittaker, Wayne, ''Tough Guys'', Popular Mechanics, February 1943, Vol. 79 No. 2, pp. 44Steele, David E., ''Silent Sentry Removal'', Black Belt Magazine, August 1986, Vol. 24 No. 8, pp. 48–49 A stick may be used to tighten the garrote; the Spanish word refers to the stick itself. In Spanish, the t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1640 In Spain
Incumbents *Monarch - Philip IV of Spain, Philip IV Events *May - beginning of the Reapers' War, Catalan Revolt *September - Royal army occupies Tortosa *December 8 - a large Royal army under Pedro Fajardo de Zúñiga y Requesens headed for Barcelona, passing through Cambrils. *December 13–16 - Catalan Revolt: Battle of Cambrils. Catalan rebels massacred by Royal army after surrender *December 24 - Royal army takes Tarragona Deaths *June 7 - Dalmau de Queralt, Count of Santa Coloma, Viceroy of Catalonia, assassinated *December 16 - Antoni d'Armengol, Jacint Vilosa, Carles Bertrolà i de Caldés, Catalan Revolt leaders at Cambrils, execution by garrote References {{Europe topic, 1640 in 1640 in Spain, 1640s in Spain ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
