1636 In Sweden

	1636 In Sweden Events from the year 1636 in Sweden Incumbents * Monarch – Christina Events * Posten AB * Axel Oxenstierna return to Sweden. * Battle of Wittstock * All cities north of Stockholm and Åbo are prohibited from foreign trade. * Establishment of the ''Nya smedjegården''.Smedjegården in Nordisk familjebok (andra upplagan, 1917) * Births * * * * * * Deaths * February 3 - Petrus Kenicius, archbishop (born 1555) * Euphrosina Heldina von Dieffenau, royal governess and courtier (born unknown year) * Johannes Messenius, historian, dramatist and university professor (born 1579 Year 1579 ( MDLXXIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar, and a common year starting on Monday of the Proleptic Gregorian calendar. Events January–June * January 6 ...) * References Years of the 17th century in Sweden 1636 by country {{Sweden-year-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Nya Smedjegården ''Smedjegården'' (literally: "Blacksmiths' Yard"), initially ''Nya smedje gården'' ("New Blacksmiths' Yard"), was a prison in Stockholm, in use between 1636 and 1896. The name was derived from a prison, similarly known as '' Smedjegården,'' in the dungeons of the royal castle '' Tre Kronor,'' in use until the castle was destroyed by fire in 1697. There the prisoners were made to labor in the castle's smithy. The ''Nya smedjegården'' was founded in 1636 at the street Drottninggatan in Stockholm. From 1664 onward, it was the site for prisoners awaiting death penalty in Stockholm. The building housed also a house of correction, an infamous torture chamber ''(Rosenkammaren),'' until the abolition of torture in 1772, and an orphanage ''( Allmänna Barnhuset)'' until 1886. Until 1849, the prison was used for both male and female prisoners—normally not kept separate from each other. Then ''Smedjegården'' was transformed into a women's prison. The institution was replaced in t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	1636 In Sweden Events from the year 1636 in Sweden Incumbents * Monarch – Christina Events * Posten AB * Axel Oxenstierna return to Sweden. * Battle of Wittstock * All cities north of Stockholm and Åbo are prohibited from foreign trade. * Establishment of the ''Nya smedjegården''.Smedjegården in Nordisk familjebok (andra upplagan, 1917) * Births * * * * * * Deaths * February 3 - Petrus Kenicius, archbishop (born 1555) * Euphrosina Heldina von Dieffenau, royal governess and courtier (born unknown year) * Johannes Messenius, historian, dramatist and university professor (born 1579 Year 1579 ( MDLXXIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar, and a common year starting on Monday of the Proleptic Gregorian calendar. Events January–June * January 6 ...) * References Years of the 17th century in Sweden 1636 by country {{Sweden-year-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	1579 In Sweden Events from the year 1579 in Sweden Incumbents * Monarch – John III Events * - Princess Cecilia of Sweden is exiled to Germany. * * * * * * - Sweden is struck by the plague. Births * - Johannes Messenius, historian, dramatist and university professor (died 1636) * * * * Deaths * - Laurentius Petri Gothus, Lutheran Archbishop of Uppsala (born year unknown) * * * * References Years of the 16th century in Sweden Sweden Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of SwedenUNGEGN World Geographical Names, Sweden./ref> is a Nordic country located on ... {{Sweden-year-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Johannes Messenius Johannes Messenius (1579–1636) was a Swedish historian, dramatist and university professor. He was born in the village of Freberga, in Stenby parish in Östergötland, and died in Oulu, in modern-day Finland. Childhood He was the son of a miller named Jöns Thordsson. At an early age his brilliance caught the attention of a monastery priest named Magnus Andreae, who gave him guidance and taught him. Unbeknownst to the boy's parents, the priest sent him to the Jesuit school in Braunsberg, which was specialized in educating boys for winning Scandinavia back from Protestantism. Seeking a position After seven years in Braunsberg, Johannes travelled across Europe. He visited Denmark in 1602, and in 1603, he was a dinner speaker at Bishop Piotr Tylicki in Kraków. He made a short visit in Rome in 1604, but the climate forced him to return to Germany where he possibly won an M.A. in Ingolstadt, in 1605. He is also said to have received the title '' Poëta cæsarius'' ("poet of the Em ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Euphrosina Heldina Von Dieffenau Euphrosina Heldina von Dieffenau, or ''Heldin'' (died 1636), was a Swedish courtier. Originally from Germany, she became courtier to Catherine of Sweden, Countess Palatine of Kleeburg in 1590. After the death of Catherine's mother, Maria of the Palatinate-Simmern, she became the lady-in-waiting, nurse and in practice foster mother of Catherine. She were the confidant of Catherine and the two of them had a close relationship for the rest of their life, sometimes by letters, which are preserved. She married a German officer in Swedish service, but remained in the service of Catherine also after Catherine's marriage as her Mistress of the Robes. She was described as educated and seen as a role model for female nobles in this regard, could speak Latin and was given the task to practice reading and prayer with the heir to the throne, Gustav II Adolf of Sweden Gustavus Adolphus (9 December Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates">N.S_19_December.html" ;"title="Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	1555 In Sweden Events from the year 1555 in Sweden Incumbents * List of Swedish monarchs, Monarch – Gustav I of Sweden, Gustav I Events * - Instruction that the people in the Swedish province of Finland are going to be trained in defense against the Russians. * - ''A Description of the Northern Peoples'' by Olaus Magnus * 11 March - The Russo-Swedish War (1554–57): the Russian Empire breaks its 1537 treaty with Sweden by attacking Sweden, which results in the Russian defeat at the Battle of Kivinebb. * 30 may - Introduction of the Internal passport. Births * - Axel Kurck, colonel (died 1630 in Sweden , 1630) * - Petrus Kenicius, Archbishop of Uppsala (died 1636 in Sweden , 1636) * Deaths * * References External links 1555 in Sweden, Years of the 16th century in Sweden 1555 by country, Sweden {{Sweden-year-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Petrus Kenicius Petrus Kenicius (1555 – 3 February 1636) was Archbishop of Uppsala in the Church of Sweden from 1609 to his death. He got his education from the Universities of Wittenberg and Rostock. In 1589 he was put in prison by King John III of Sweden, together with, among others, Nicolaus Olai Bothniensis who would become archbishop in 1599–1600. The reason were disagreements with the King's non-Lutheran liturgy. After being released, he was at the Uppsala Synod in 1593 as one of the twelve assessors. And in 1595 he was ordained Bishop of Skara. He was considered a fine and hardworking person who dedicated much time and care to the University in Uppsala and the Church. In his old age, he was weakened by age and sickness and the archdiocese was said to have been neglected. See also * List of Archbishops of Uppsala This article lists the archbishops of Uppsala. Before the Reformation * 1164–1185: Stefan * 1185–1187: Johannes * 1187–1197: Petrus * 1198–1206: Olov L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Åbo Turku ( ; ; sv, Åbo, ) is a List of cities and towns in Finland, city and former Capital city, capital on the southwest coast of Finland at the mouth of the Aura (Archipelago Sea), Aura River, in the region of Southwest Finland, Finland Proper (''Varsinais-Suomi'') and the former Turku and Pori Province (''Turun ja Porin lääni''; 1634–1997). The region was originally called Suomi (Finland), which later became the name for the whole country. As of 31 March 2021, the population of Turku was 194,244 making it the List of Finnish municipalities by population, sixth largest city in Finland after Helsinki, Espoo, Tampere, Vantaa and Oulu. There were 281,108 inhabitants living in the Turku sub-region, Turku Central Locality, ranking it as the List of urban areas in Finland by population, third largest urban area in Finland after the Greater Helsinki, Capital Region area and Tampere urban area, Tampere Central Locality. The city is officially bilingual as percent of its population ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	The Battle Of Wittstock 1636 ''The'' () is a grammatical article in English, denoting persons or things already mentioned, under discussion, implied or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. It is the definite article in English. ''The'' is the most frequently used word in the English language; studies and analyses of texts have found it to account for seven percent of all printed English-language words. It is derived from gendered articles in Old English which combined in Middle English and now has a single form used with pronouns of any gender. The word can be used with both singular and plural nouns, and with a noun that starts with any letter. This is different from many other languages, which have different forms of the definite article for different genders or numbers. Pronunciation In most dialects, "the" is pronounced as (with the voiced dental fricative followed by a schwa) when followed by a consonant sound, and as (homophone of pronoun ''thee'') when followed by a v ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Stockholm Stockholm () is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in Sweden by population, largest city of Sweden as well as the List of urban areas in the Nordic countries, largest urban area in Scandinavia. Approximately 980,000 people live in the Stockholm Municipality, municipality, with 1.6 million in the Stockholm urban area, urban area, and 2.4 million in the Metropolitan Stockholm, metropolitan area. The city stretches across fourteen islands where Mälaren, Lake Mälaren flows into the Baltic Sea. Outside the city to the east, and along the coast, is the island chain of the Stockholm archipelago. The area has been settled since the Stone Age, in the 6th millennium BC, and was founded as a city in 1252 by Swedish statesman Birger Jarl. It is also the county seat of Stockholm County. For several hundred years, Stockholm was the capital of Finland as well (), which then was a part of Sweden. The population of the municipality of Stockholm is expected to reach o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Battle Of Wittstock The Battle of Wittstock took place during the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648). It was fought on 24 September (Julian calendar) or 4 October (Gregorian calendar) 1636. A Swedish-allied army commanded jointly by Johan Banér and Alexander Leslie decisively defeated a combined Imperial-Saxon army, led by Count Melchior von Hatzfeld and the Saxon Elector John George I. Leslie and Banér commanded two distinct armies: Banér commanded the Swedish main army (huvudarmén), and Leslie commanded the Army of the Weser. Their subordinate officers included the Swedish Count and Major General Lennart Torstenson, Lieutenant General James King (later first Lord Eythin), and Major General John Ruthven who is usually erroneously conflated with his uncle Patrick Ruthven who was also a Lieutenant General in the Swedish army, but not present at Wittstock. Context The Holy Roman Emperor, with his Saxon and Roman Catholic allies, was fighting for the control of northern Germany against the Swe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]