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1611 In Sweden
Events from the year 1611 in Sweden Incumbents * Monarch – Charles IX, then Gustaf II Adolf Events * The Kalmar War begins. * March 2 – Kexholm is captured by Sweden. * Spring – A fortification is built at Nyen to blockade Nöteborg. * Early July – Jakob De la Gardie begins his siege on Novgorod. * July 8 – The third False Dimitrij takes Pskov. * July 12 – The Novgorod garrison makes a sortie against the Swedes, who get repulsed. * July 16 – During the night, the Swedes pretend to attack Novgorod, diverting the garrisons attention from the gate where they intend to make a breakthrough. The city itself is captured but the Novgorod Kremlin holds out. * July 17 – The Swedes capture the Novgorod Kremlin. * July 25 – A treaty is signed between the Swedes and the Novgorod garrison. * August – Evert Horn attempts to take Pskov. * August 27 – The Novgorodians send a letter to Charles IX, placing themselves under his protection and asking to be ruled by one of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sweden
Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of SwedenUNGEGN World Geographical Names, Sweden./ref> is a Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. It borders Norway to the west and north, Finland to the east, and is connected to Denmark in the southwest by a bridgetunnel across the Öresund. At , Sweden is the largest Nordic country, the third-largest country in the European Union, and the fifth-largest country in Europe. The capital and largest city is Stockholm. Sweden has a total population of 10.5 million, and a low population density of , with around 87% of Swedes residing in urban areas in the central and southern half of the country. Sweden has a nature dominated by forests and a large amount of lakes, including some of the largest in Europe. Many long rivers run from the Scandes range through the landscape, primarily ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
July 16
Events Pre-1600 * 622 – The beginning of the Islamic calendar. * 997 – Battle of Spercheios: Bulgarian forces of Tsar Samuel are defeated by a Byzantine army under general Nikephoros Ouranos at the Spercheios River in Greece. * 1054 – Three Roman legates break relations between Western and Eastern Christian Churches through the act of placing a Papal bull (of doubtful validity) of Excommunication on the altar of Hagia Sophia during Saturday afternoon divine liturgy. Historians frequently describe the event as the formal start of the East–West Schism. *1212 – Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa: After Pope Innocent III calls European knights to a crusade, forces of Kings Alfonso VIII of Castile, Sancho VII of Navarre, Peter II of Aragon and Afonso II of Portugal defeat those of the Berber Muslim leader Almohad, thus marking a significant turning point in the ''Reconquista'' and in the medieval history of Spain. *1228 – The canonization of Saint Francis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johan Oxenstierna
Johan Axelsson Oxenstierna af Södermöre (24 June 1611 – 5 December 1657) was a Count and a Swedish statesman. Biography The son of Lord High Chancellor Axel Oxenstierna, he was born in Stockholm. He completed his studies at Uppsala in 1633, and was sent by his father on a grand tour through France, the Netherlands and Great Britain. He served under his brother-in-law Count Gustav Horn af Björneborg in the Thirty Years' War from 1632, and was subsequently employed by his father in various diplomatic missions, though his instructions were always so precise and minute that he was little more than the executor of the Chancellor's wishes. He was one of the commissioners who signed the truce of 1635 with Poland (Armistice of Stuhmsdorf or Treaty of Sztumska Wieś), and in 1639, much against his father's will, was made a Privy Councillor. Along with Salvius he represented Sweden at the great peace congress of Osnabrück, but as he received his instructions direct from his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
December 25
Events Pre-1600 * 36 – Forces of Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han, under the command of Wu Han, conquer the separatist Chengjia empire, reuniting China. * 274 – A temple to Sol Invictus is dedicated in Rome by Emperor Aurelian. * 333 – Roman Emperor Constantine the Great elevates his youngest son Constans to the rank of ''Caesar''. * 336 – First documentary sign of Christmas celebration in Rome. * 350 – Vetranio meets Constantius II at Naissus (Serbia) and is forced to abdicate his imperial title. Constantius allows him to live as a private citizen on a state pension. * 508 – Clovis I, king of the Franks, is baptized into the Catholic faith at Reims, by Saint Remigius. * 597 – Augustine of Canterbury and his fellow-labourers baptise in Kent more than 10,000 Anglo-Saxons. * 800 – The coronation of Charlemagne as Holy Roman Emperor, in Rome. * 820 – Eastern Emperor Leo V is murdered in a church of the Great Palace ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
October 30
Events Pre-1600 * 637 – Arab–Byzantine wars: Antioch surrenders to the Rashidun Caliphate after the Battle of the Iron Bridge. * 758 – Guangzhou is sacked by Arab and Persian pirates. *1137 – Ranulf of Apulia defeats Roger II of Sicily at the Battle of Rignano, securing his position as duke until his death two years later. *1270 – The Eighth Crusade ends by an agreement between Charles I of Anjou (replacing his deceased brother King Louis IX of France) and the Hafsid dynasty of Tunis, Tunisia. *1340 – ''Reconquista'': Portugal, Portuguese and Crown of Castile, Castilian forces halt a Muslim invasion at the Battle of Río Salado. 1601–1900 *1657 – Anglo-Spanish War (1654–1660), Anglo-Spanish War: Spanish forces fail to retake Jamaica at the Battle of Ocho Rios. *1806 – War of the Fourth Coalition: Convinced that he is facing a much larger force, Prussian General Friedrich Gisbert Wilhelm von Romberg, von Romberg, commanding 5,300 me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Capture Of Novgorod (1611)
The Capture of Novgorod by the Swedes was an event of the Time of Troubles, which entailed the Swedish occupation of Novgorod from July 1611 until its return to the Russian Kingdom in the Treaty of Stolbovo in 1617. Background According to the Vyborg Treatise of 1609, concluded between Tsar Vasily Shuisky and Sweden, the latter agreed to provide him with military assistance in the fight against False Dmitry II and the Polish–Lithuanian invaders in exchange for territorial concessions. Thus began the campaign of Delagardi to Russia. The Swedish corps fought as part of the army of Prince Mikhail Skopin-Shuisky, who managed to clear a significant part of Russia from the interventionists and to release the besieged Moscow. However, in the Battle of Klushino, the Russian–Swedish army was defeated, after which Vasily Shuisky was overthrown, and the Poles occupied Moscow. Jacob De la Gardie considered that Russia had not fulfilled its obligations to Sweden, and began to occupy part ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
September 13
Events Pre-1600 * 585 BC – Lucius Tarquinius Priscus, king of Rome, celebrates a triumph for his victories over the Sabines, and the surrender of Collatia. *509 BC – The Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus on Rome's Capitoline Hill is dedicated on the ides of September. * 379 – Yax Nuun Ahiin I is crowned as 15th Ajaw of Tikal * 533 – Belisarius of the Byzantine Empire defeats Gelimer and the Vandals at the Battle of Ad Decimum, near Carthage, North Africa. *1229 – Ögedei Khan is proclaimed Khagan of the Mongol Empire in Kodoe Aral, Khentii: Mongolia. * 1437 – Battle of Tangier: a Portuguese expeditionary force initiates a failed attempt to seize the Moroccan citadel of Tangier. 1601–1900 * 1609 – Henry Hudson reaches the river that would later be named after him – the Hudson River. *1645 – Wars of the Three Kingdoms: Scottish Royalists are defeated by Covenanters at the Battle of Philiphaugh. * 1743 – Great Britai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Staraya Russa
Staraya Russa ( rus, Старая Русса, p=ˈstarəjə ˈrusːə) is a town in Novgorod Oblast, Russia, located on the Polist River, south of Veliky Novgorod, the administrative center of the oblast. Its population has steadily decreased over the past years, going from 41,538 recorded in the 1989 Census to 35,511 in the 2002 Census to 31,809 in the 2010 Census. Etymology The origin of the name of Staraya Russa is unclear. The most involved and widespread hypothesis was presented by philologists and linguists R. A. Akheyeva, V. L. Vasilyev, and M.V. Gorbanevsky. According to this hypothesis, ''Russa'' comes from Rus'—a Slavic people, who settled in the vicinity to control trade routes leading from Novgorod to Polotsk and Kiev—which, in turn, is usually thought to originate from an Old Norse term for "the men who row" (''rods-'') as rowing was the main method of navigating the rivers of Eastern Europe, and that it could be linked to the Swedish coastal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
September 12
Events Pre-1600 *490 BC – Battle of Marathon: The conventionally accepted date for the Battle of Marathon. The Athenians and their Plataean allies defeat the first Persian invasion force of Greece. * 372 – Sixteen Kingdoms: Jin Xiaowudi, age 10, succeeds his father Jin Jianwendi as Emperor of the Eastern Jin dynasty. * 1213 – Albigensian Crusade: Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester, defeats Peter II of Aragon at the Battle of Muret. *1229 – Battle of Portopí: The Aragonese army under the command of James I of Aragon disembarks at Santa Ponça, Majorca, with the purpose of conquering the island. *1309 – The First Siege of Gibraltar takes place in the context of the Spanish Reconquista pitting the forces of the Kingdom of Castile against the Emirate of Granada resulting in a Castilian victory. 1601–1900 * 1609 – Henry Hudson begins his exploration of the Hudson River while aboard the ''Halve Maen''. *1634 – A gunpowder fac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
August 27
Events Pre-1600 * 410 – The sacking of Rome by the Visigoths ends after three days. * 1172 – Henry the Young King and Margaret of France are crowned junior king and queen of England. * 1232 – Shikken Hojo Yasutoki of the Kamakura shogunate promulgates the Goseibai Shikimoku, the first Japanese legal code governing the ''samurai'' class. *1557 – The Battle of St. Quentin results in Emmanuel Philibert becoming Duke of Savoy. *1593 – Pierre Barrière failed an attempt to assassinate Henry IV of France. *1597 – Jeongyu War: Battle of Chilcheollyang: A Japanese fleet of 500 ships decimates Joseon commander Won Gyun’s fleet of 200 ships at Chilcheollyang. * 1600 – Ishida Mitsunari’s Western Army commences the Siege of Fushimi Castle, which is lightly defended by a much smaller Tokugawa garrison led by Torii Mototada. 1601–1900 *1689 – The Treaty of Nerchinsk is signed by Russia and the Qing Empire (Julian calendar). *1776 & ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Evert Horn
Evert Karlsson Horn af Kanckas (11 June 1585 – 30 July 1615) was a Swedish Field Marshal and Governor of Narva. Biography He was born at Haapsalu Castle in the Swedish province of Estonia. He was a son of Field Marshal Carl Horn and Agneta von Dellwig. His younger brother was Field Marshal Gustav Horn, Count of Pori (1592–1657). In 1608, Horn was assigned to service with Jakob De la Gardie (1583–1652), Chief Commander in Finland. Evert Horn was appointed Governor (''Ståthållare'') of Narva in 1613 and Field Marshal in 1614. During the Ingrian War, he was killed by a bullet during the early days of the Swedish siege of Pskov in 1615. Personal life In 1613, he married Margareta Fincke (ca. 1611-1647), daughter of Governor Gödik Fincke (ca. 1546–1617) and his first wife Ingeborg Boije (ca. 1550-1580). Their son Gustav Evertsson Horn af Marienborg (1614–1666) was a member of the Privy Council of Sweden and Governor General of Finland. See also *Horn famil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
August
August is the eighth month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars, and the fifth of seven months to have a length of 31 days. Its zodiac sign is Leo and was originally named ''Sextilis'' in Latin because it was the 6th month in the original ten-month Roman calendar under Romulus in 753 BC, with March being the first month of the year. About 700 BC, it became the eighth month when January and February were added to the year before March by King Numa Pompilius, who also gave it 29 days. Julius Caesar added two days when he created the Julian calendar in 46 BC (708 AUC), giving it its modern length of 31 days. In 8 BC, it was renamed in honor of Emperor Augustus. According to a Senatus consultum quoted by Macrobius, he chose this month because it was the time of several of his great triumphs, including the conquest of Egypt. Commonly repeated lore has it that August has 31 days because Augustus wanted his month to match the length of Julius Caesar's July, but t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
