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1995 Russian Legislative Election
Legislative election were held in Russia on 17 December 1995.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1642 At stake were the 450 seats in the State Duma (Gosudarstvennaya Duma), the lower house of the Federal Assembly. Electoral system The election law adopted for the 1995 election was similar to that adopted for the 1993 election, with some minor modifications. First, to secure a place on the proportional representation ballot, parties had to have registered with the Ministry of Justice no later than six months before the election, and the number of signatures they had to gather rose from 100,000 to 200,000. Second, invalid votes were now included in the calculation of the 5.0 percent threshold. Third, on the single-member district ballot, party endorsements of candidates were indicated. Political blocs Campaign Out of the forty three parties and coalitions contesting the elections, only four cleared the 5% threshold to qualify for t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1993 Russian Legislative Election
Parliamentary elections were held in Russia on 12 December 1993.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1642 They were the first parliamentary elections in post-Soviet Russia and the only time to the Federation Council,Nohlen & Stöver, p1656 with future members appointed by provincial legislatures and governors. Background The 1993 general election was taking place in the aftermath of the 1993 Russian constitutional crisis, a violent confrontation on the streets of Moscow which resulted in the dissolution of the previous Russian parliament by military force. Boris Yeltsin hoped to resolve the political turmoil by decreeing for the election to the new Russian parliament and the constitutional referendum to take place on 12 December 1993. Electoral system The new election law adopted for the 1993 Duma election stipulated half the 450 Duma members were elected by a party-list system of proportional representation, and half were elected as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ella Pamfilova
Ella Aleksandrovna Pamfilova (; born 12 September 1953) is a Russian politician, former deputy of the State Duma, candidate for president in 2000 and former chairman (2004 - 2010) of the Presidential Council for Civil Society and Human Rights. On 18 March 2014 she became Russia's Commissioner for Human Rights, succeeding Vladimir Lukin. On 28 March 2016 she became the chair of the Central Election Commission. Biography Pamfilova started her career on the central repair and engineering works in Moscow as an engineer. She was also the first woman to head the country's state controlled pet food company "Belka," which she oversaw from 1984 to 1986. She went on to become a People's Deputy of the USSR and member of Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union. During the period 1991 until 1994, she led The Ministry of Social Care under President Boris Yeltsin. Between 1994 and 1999, Pamfilova was elected three times as member of the State Duma. In 2000 she was the first woman to run as a candi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Independent Bloc (Russia)
Independent or Independents may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Artist groups * Independents (artist group), a group of modernist painters based in the New Hope, Pennsylvania, area of the United States during the early 1930s * Independents (Oporto artist group), a Portuguese artist group historically linked to abstract art and to Fernando Lanhas, the central figure of Portuguese abstractionism Music Groups, labels, and genres * Independent music, a number of genres associated with independent labels * Independent record label, a record label not associated with a major label * Independent Albums, American albums chart Albums * ''Independent'' (Ai album), 2012 * ''Independent'' (Faze album), 2006 * ''Independent'' (Sacred Reich album), 1993 Songs * "Independent" (song), a 2007 song by Webbie * "Independent", a 2002 song by Ayumi Hamasaki from '' H'' News and media organizations * ''The Independent'', a British online newspaper. * ''The Malta Independent'', a Maltese ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yevgeny Alexeyevich Fyodorov
Yevgeny Alexeyevich Fedorov or Fyodorov (russian: Евгений Алексеевич Фёдоров; born May 11, 1963) is a Russian nationalist, politician, deputy of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of Russia four convocations (1993–96, 2003), chairman of the Committee on Economic Policy and Entrepreneurship of the State Duma, member of the Central Political Council of United Russia party, PhD. State Councilor of the Russian Federation, coordinator of the organization " National Liberation Movement". Biography He graduated from the Leningrad Higher Military Engineering and Construction College. Army Gen. AN Kamarouski in Military electrical engineer. From 1985 to 1988 he served in the Soviet Armed Forces, participating in the Soviet–Afghan War. Since 1990, Fedorov was elected as a deputy of the Leningrad Oblast Council of People's Deputies (one of Russia's regional parliaments, a member of the small council, deputy of the State Duma of the first convocation and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Konstantin Borovoy
Konstantin Natanovich Borovoi (russian: Константи́н Ната́нович Борово́й; born 30 June 1948) is a liberal Russian politician and entrepreneur, Russian Parliament Member (1995–2000), former Chair of Party of Economic Freedom (1992–2003), and Chair of Party Western Choice (since 17 March 2013). Biography Borovoi was born in 1948 in Moscow and is the son of a math professor. He is a graduate of Moscow State University Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics (1974). In 1990, he founded the first Russian commodities market, and was its president from 1990 to 1992. He also opened the first clearing bank, an investment company and the first business-news wire. He was a financial director of Russia's Open Film Festival. In 1992, he created an Economic Freedom Party (, ''Partiya Ekonomicheskoi svobody''). The party ran in the 1995 parliamentary elections, but received 0.13% of the proportional representation vote, failing to cross the electoral threshol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sergey Shakhray
Sergey Mikhaylovich Shakhray (russian: Серге́й Михайлович Шахрай) (born April 30, 1956, in Simferopol, Crimea, Soviet Union) is a Russian politician. He is a co-author of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. He graduated from the Rostov-on-Don State University in 1978 with a degree in law. December 1991 – March 1992, November 1992 – January 1994, April 1994 - January 1996: Deputy Prime Minister of Russia A Deputy Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation (russian: Заместитель председателя Правительства Российской Федерации) is a member of the Government of Russia. The post is co .... External links Official biography(in Russian) (in Russian) 1956 births Living people 1st class Active State Councillors of the Russian Federation Party of Russian Unity and Accord politicians 20th-century Russian politicians Deputy heads of government of the Russian Federatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transformation Of Ural
Transformation of Ural (russian: Преображение Урала, Preobrazheniye Urala) was a regional political association in Russia, operating in Sverdlovsk Oblast. It participated in 1995 Russian legislative election as Transformation of the Fatherland (russian: Преображение Отечества, Preobrazheniye Otechestva). Origins In 1993 autonomist movement in Sverdlovsk Oblast resulted in proclaiming the Ural Republic on 31 October. Ten days after the regional leader, the head of administration of Sverdlovsk Oblast Eduard Rossel was removed from office by president Boris Yeltsin, and the republic ceased to exist. Transformation of Ural was founded in November 1993 by Rossel's supporters. Alexey Vorobyov, a close ally of Eduard Rossel, was its initial organizer, and Anton Bakov was Transformation's political coordinator for a long time. Electoral history Regional level The first elections, in which the Transformation of Ural took part, took place on 10 A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eduard Rossel
Eduard Ergartovich Rossel (russian: Эдуард Эргартович Россель; born 8 October 1937) is a Russian politician, who was the governor (1995–2009) of Sverdlovsk Oblast, an oblast in Russia. He returned into office in 1995. He is a member of the Federation Council of Russia. Childhood and war Eduard Rossel was born in Bor, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast to Volga German parents. His father was executed by the NKVD in 1938 and he was left living with his mother, who at that time found a Ukrainian man and married him instead. Rossel's original language was German, but due to his mother's marriage to a Soviet national, the German language was abandoned and Russian kicked in. He lived with his mother and stepfather until 1942, when both of his parents were forced into oppressive “labor camps” in Ukhta. He lived completely alone for three days, until a neighbor took him in. Realizing that she had many children to feed, he decided in fall 1942 to leave, taking along a b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Irina Khakamada
Irina Mutsuovna Khakamada ( rus, Ири́на Муцу́овна Хакама́да, p=ɪˈrʲinə mʊˈtsuəvnə xəkɐˈmadə; ja, 袴田イリーナ; born April 13, 1955, in Moscow) is a Russian economist, political activist, journalist, publicist, and politician who ran in the 2004 Russian presidential election. Khakamada was a former member (deputy) of the lower house (the State Duma) of the Russian parliament for three convocations (electoral terms, 1993–2003) and Vice-Chair of the house; co-chair of a political party Union of Right Forces (1999–2003), presidential candidate of the Russian Federation (2004), member of the Presidential Council for the Development of Civil Society and Human Rights (2012–2018). In 1995, ''Time'' named Khakamada a 21st-century politician among 100 well-known women in the world. In 2002, Khakamada served as a rapporteur from Russia at the 57th session of the UN General Assembly. 2005 she was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize. Biog ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boris Gromov
Boris Vsevolodovich Gromov (russian: Бори́с Все́володович Гро́мов; born 7 November 1943) is a prominent Russian military and political figure. From 2000 to 2012, he was the Governor of Moscow Oblast. Biography Born 7 November 1943 in Saratov, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union, he graduated from a Suvorov military cadet school, the Leningrad Military Commanders School and later from the Frunze Military Academy in Moscow, as well as the General Staff Academy. During the Soviet–Afghan War, Gromov did three tours of duty (1980–1982, 1985–1986, 1987–1989), and was best known for the two years as the last Commander of the 40th Army in Afghanistan. Gromov was the last Soviet soldier to leave Afghanistan, crossing on foot the Friendship Bridge spanning the Amu-Daria river on 15 February 1989, the day the Soviet pullout from Afghanistan was completed. He received the highest military award – the golden star of the Hero of the Soviet Union after Operat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
