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1991 In Russia
The following lists events that happened during 1991 in the Soviet Union and Russia. The Soviet Union had a transitional government in 1991, during the fall of communism. Every republic in the union had growing nationalism until Christmas of 1991 when Mikhail Gorbachev, the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and President of the Soviet Union, abandoned the Union at the time of its dissolution. The dissolution created huge changes in politics and territorial claims. NATO scaled back its presence following the dissolution. Incumbents Union level *President of the Soviet Union – Mikhail Gorbachev (until 25 December) *General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union – Mikhail Gorbachev (until 24 August), Vladimir Ivashko (24–29 August) *Chairman of the Supreme Soviet – Mikhail Gorbachev *Vice President of the Soviet Union – Gennady Yanayev (until 4 September) *Premier of the Soviet Union – ** until 14 January – Nikolai Ryzhkov ** ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1991
File:1991 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Boris Yeltsin, elected as Russia's first president, waves the new flag of Russia after the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt, orchestrated by Soviet hardliners; Mount Pinatubo erupts in the Philippines, making it the second-largest volcanic eruption of the 20th century; MTS Oceanos sinks off the coast of South Africa, but the crew notoriously abandons the vessel before the passengers are rescued; Dissolution of the Soviet Union: The Soviet flag is lowered from the Kremlin for the last time and replaced with the flag of the Russian Federation; The United States and soon-to-be dissolved Soviet Union sign the START I Treaty; A tropical cyclone strikes Bangladesh, killing nearly 140,000 people; Lauda Air Flight 004 crashes after one of its thrust reversers activates during the flight; A United States-led coalition initiates Operation Desert Storm to remove Iraq and Saddam Hussein from Kuwait, 300x300px, thumb rect 0 0 200 200 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Premier Of The Soviet Union
The Premier of the Soviet Union (russian: Глава Правительства СССР) was the head of government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). The office had four different names throughout its existence: Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars (1923–1946), Chairman of the Council of Ministers (1946–1991), Prime Minister (January – August 1991) and Chairman of the Committee on the Operational Management of the Soviet Economy (August–December 1991). Long before 1991, most non-Soviet sources referred to the post as "Premier" or "Prime Minister." Twelve individuals held the post. Of these, two died in office of natural causes (Vladimir Lenin and Joseph Stalin), three resigned – Alexei Kosygin, Nikolai Tikhonov and Ivan Silayev – and three were concurrently party leader and head of government (Lenin, Stalin and Nikita Khrushchev). By this account, Ivan Silayev spent the shortest time in office at 119 days. At more than 16 years, Kosygin spe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1991 Soviet Union Referendum
A referendum on the future of the Soviet Union was held on 17 March 1991 across the Soviet Union. The question put to voters was Do you consider necessary the preservation of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics as a renewed federation of equal sovereign republics in which the rights and freedom of an individual of any ethnicity will be fully guaranteed?Dieter Nohlen, Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) ''Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume I'', p492 (Russian text: )(Russian transliteration: ''Schitaete li Vy neobkhodimym sokhranenie Soiuza Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik kak obnovlionnoi federatsii ravnopravnykh suverennykh respublik, v kotoroi budut v polnoi mere garantirovatʹsia prava i svobody cheloveka liuboi natsionalʹnosti?'') The referendum was made with the aim of approving the Union of Sovereign States. In Kazakhstan, the wording of the referendum was changed by substituting "equal sovereign states" for "equal sovereign republics". In U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
January Events (Lithuania)
, partof = Revolutions of 1989, Singing Revolution, and Dissolution of the Soviet Union , image = , caption = A man with a Lithuanian flag in front of a Soviet tank, 13 January 1991 , date = 11–13 January 1991 , place = Lithuania , coordinates = , map_type = , latitude = , longitude = , map_size = , map_caption = , map_label = , territory = , result = Lithuanian victory * Soviet forces withdraw from the cities * Lithuanian statehood preserved , status = , combatant1 = * Lithuanian Riflemen's Union , combatant2 = * Soviet Army ** 76th Airborne DivisionLithuanians celebrate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boris Yeltsin
Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin ( rus, Борис Николаевич Ельцин, p=bɐˈrʲis nʲɪkɐˈla(j)ɪvʲɪtɕ ˈjelʲtsɨn, a=Ru-Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin.ogg; 1 February 1931 – 23 April 2007) was a Soviet and Russian politician who served as the first president of the Russian Federation from 1991 to 1999. He was a member of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1961 to 1990. He later stood as a Political Independent, political independent, during which time he was viewed as being ideologically aligned with liberalism and Russian nationalism. Yeltsin was born in Butka, Russia, Butka, Ural Oblast. He grew up in Kazan and Berezniki. After studying at the Ural State Technical University, he worked in construction. After joining the Communist Party, he rose through its ranks, and in 1976 he became First Secretary of the party's Sverdlovsk Oblast committee. Yeltsin was initially a supporter of the ''perestroika'' reforms of Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev. He lat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oleg Lobov
Oleg Ivanovich Lobov (russian: Олег Иванович Лобов; 7 September 1937 – 6 September 2018) was a Russian politician who served as acting First Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic from 19 April 1991 to 15 November 1991 and also was acting Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Russian SFSR from 26 September 1991 to 15 November 1991, shortly before the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Until 17 March 1997, Lobov served in various capacities in Russian state and government bodies. His last position was Deputy Head of the Government of the Russian Federation. As of October 2010, Lobov is the chairman of the non-governmental Association for International Cooperation and participates in various construction-related associations and unions.Oleg Lobov. Biography (in Russian)'. Association for International Cooperation. Retrieved 31 October 2010. Education Born in Kiev, he has a Candidate of Technical Science ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prime Minister Of Russia
The chairman of the government of the Russian Federation, also informally known as the prime minister, is the nominal head of government of Russia. Although the post dates back to 1905, its current form was established on 12 December 1993 following the introduction of a new constitution. Due to the central role of the president of Russia in the political system, the activities of the executive branch (including the prime minister) are significantly influenced by the head of state (for example, it is the president who appoints and dismisses the prime minister and other members of the government; the president may chair the meetings of the cabinet and give obligatory orders to the prime minister and other members of the government; the president may also revoke any act of the government). The use of the term ''prime minister'' is strictly informal and is never used in the constitution. Mikhail Mishustin is the current prime minister. He was appointed on 16 January 2020 after ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Rutskoy
Alexander Vladimirovich Rutskoy (russian: Александр Владимирович Руцкой; born 16 September 1947) is a Russian politician and a former Soviet military officer, Major General of Aviation (1991). He served as the only vice president of Russia from 10 July 1991 to 4 October 1993 and as the governor of Kursk Oblast from 1996 to 2000. In September 1993, Rutskoy was proclaimed the acting president of Russia following Boris Yeltsin's impeachment which led to the Russian constitutional crisis of 1993 where he played one of the key roles. Early life and career Alexander Rutskoy was born in Proskuriv, Ukrainian SSR, USSR (today Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine). Rutskoy graduated from High Air Force School in Barnaul (1971) and Gagarin Air Force Academy in Moscow (1980). He had reached the rank of Soviet Air Force colonel when he was sent to Afghanistan. In Afghanistan, Rutskoy served as the commander of an independent air attack regiment of 40th Army. During the war, his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vice President Of Russia
The vice president of the Russian Federation (before 25 December 1991 – vice president of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic) was the first in the presidential line of succession, becoming the new president of Russia upon the death, resignation, or removal of the president. Additionally, the vice president would assume the presidential duties in case the president becomes incapable of carrying out the presidential duties. Eligibility According to the article 121-2 of the Russian Constitution of 1978, a citizen of Russia, no younger than 35 years old and no older than 65 years old, who is in possession of suffrage, may be elected vice president. The vice president shall not be people's deputy, or hold any other offices in state or public bodies as well as in businesses. Election The vice president was elected simultaneously with the president. A candidate for vice president was nominated by a candidate for president. Duties The vice president executed individual as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
President Of Russia
The president of the Russian Federation ( rus, Президент Российской Федерации, Prezident Rossiyskoy Federatsii) is the head of state of the Russian Federation. The president leads the executive branch of the federal government of Russia and is the commander-in-chief of the Russian Armed Forces. It is the highest office in Russia. The modern incarnation of the office emerged from the president of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR). In 1991, Boris Yeltsin was elected president of the RSFSR, becoming the first non Communist Party member to be elected into Soviet politics. He played a crucial role in the dissolution of the Soviet Union which saw the transformation of the RSFSR into the Russian Federation. Following a series of scandals and doubts about his leadership, violence erupted across Moscow in the 1993 Russian constitutional crisis. As a result, a new constitution was implemented and the 1993 Russian Constitution remains ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Supreme Soviet Of Russia
The Supreme Soviet of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Russian SFSR (russian: Верховный Совет РСФСР, ''Verkhovny Sovet RSFSR''), later Supreme Soviet of the Russia, Russian Federation (russian: Верховный Совет Российской Федерации, ''Verkhovny'' ''Sovet Rossiyskoy Federatsii'') was the supreme government institution of the Russian SFSR in 1938–1990; in 1990–1993 it was a permanent legislature (parliament), elected by the Congress of People's Deputies of Russia, Congress of People's Deputies of the Russian Federation. The Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR was established to be similar in structure to the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union, Supreme Soviet of the USSR in 1938, instead of the All-Russian Congress of Soviets as the highest organ of power of Russia. In the 1940s, the Supreme Soviet Presidium and the Council of Ministers of the Russian SFSR were located in the former mansion of counts Osterman (st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
