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1980 Chilean Constitution
The Political Constitution of the Republic of Chile of 1980 () is the fundamental law in force in Chile. It was approved and promulgated under the military dictatorship headed by Augusto Pinochet, being ratified by the Chilean citizenry through a referendum on September 11, 1980, although being held under restrictions and without electoral registers. While 69% of the population was reported to have voted yes, the vote was questioned by hundreds of denunciations of irregularities and fraud. The constitutional text took effect, in a transitory regime, on March 11, 1981, and then entered into full force on March 11, 1990, with the return to electoral democracy. It was amended for the first time in 1989 (through a referendum), and afterward in 1991, 1994, 1997, each year from 1999 to 2001, 2003, each year from 2007 to 2015, and each year from 2017 to 2021, with the last three amendments concerning the constituent process of 2020–2022. In September 2005, under Ricardo Lagos's pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constitution
A constitution is the aggregate of fundamental principles or established precedents that constitute the legal basis of a polity, organisation or other type of Legal entity, entity and commonly determine how that entity is to be governed. When these principles are written down into a single document or set of legal documents, those documents may be said to embody a ''written constitution''; if they are encompassed in a single comprehensive document, it is said to embody a ''codified constitution''. The Constitution of the United Kingdom is a notable example of an ''uncodified constitution''; it is instead written in numerous fundamental Acts of a legislature, court cases or treaties. Constitutions concern different levels of organizations, from Sovereign state, sovereign countries to Company, companies and unincorporated Club (organization), associations. A treaty which establishes an international organization is also its constitution, in that it would define how that organiza ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Dictatorship Of Chile (1973–90)
A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. It is typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with its members identifiable by their distinct military uniform. It may consist of one or more military branches such as an army, navy, air force, space force, marines, or coast guard. The main task of the military is usually defined as defence of the state and its interests against external armed threats. In broad usage, the terms ''armed forces'' and ''military'' are often treated as synonymous, although in technical usage a distinction is sometimes made in which a country's armed forces may include both its military and other paramilitary forces. There are various forms of irregular military forces, not belonging to a recognized state; though they share many attributes with regular military forces, they are less often referred to as simply ''military''. A nation's military may f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Economist
''The Economist'' is a British weekly newspaper printed in demitab format and published digitally. It focuses on current affairs, international business, politics, technology, and culture. Based in London, the newspaper is owned by The Economist Group, with its core editorial offices in the United States, as well as across major cities in continental Europe, Asia, and the Middle East. In 2019, its average global print circulation was over 909,476; this, combined with its digital presence, runs to over 1.6 million. Across its social media platforms, it reaches an audience of 35 million, as of 2016. The newspaper has a prominent focus on data journalism and interpretive analysis over original reporting, to both criticism and acclaim. Founded in 1843, ''The Economist'' was first circulated by Scottish economist James Wilson to muster support for abolishing the British Corn Laws (1815–1846), a system of import tariffs. Over time, the newspaper's coverage expanded further into ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constitutionalism
Constitutionalism is "a compound of ideas, attitudes, and patterns of behavior elaborating the principle that the authority of government derives from and is limited by a body of fundamental law". Political organizations are constitutional to the extent that they "contain institutionalized mechanisms of power control for the protection of the interests and liberties of the citizenry, including those that may be in the minority". As described by political scientist and constitutional scholar David Fellman: Definition Constitutionalism has prescriptive and descriptive uses. Law professor Gerhard Casper captured this aspect of the term in noting, "Constitutionalism has both descriptive and prescriptive connotations. Used descriptively, it refers chiefly to the historical struggle for constitutional recognition of the people's right to 'consent' and certain other rights, freedoms, and privileges. Used prescriptively, its meaning incorporates those features of government s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2023 Chilean Constitutional Council Election
Constitutional Council (Chile), Constitutional Council elections were held in Chile on 7 May 2023. Compulsory voting, Voting was compulsory, and resulted in an electoral victory for right-wing parties, passing the threshold of a three-fifths majority of constitutional council members to freely draft a new constitution, removing the veto option from left-wing members. This marked a sharp shift from a left-wing majority that freely drafted a rejected first constitutional rewrite in 2021 and was described as a political loss for President Gabriel Boric. The elections came in response to the rejection of a 2022 proposed Political Constitution of the Republic of Chile, proposed constitutional draft in a 2022 Chilean national plebiscite, national referendum held in September 2022. Following the defeat of the draft, a multiparty agreement was reached to restart the process, which was subsequently ratified by National Congress of Chile, Congress via a constitutional amendment. The new Co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Veronica Undurraga
Veronica, Veronika, etc., may refer to: People * Veronica (name) * Saint Veronica * Saint Veronica of Syria Arts and media Comics and literature * ''Veronica'', an 1870 novel by Frances Eleanor Trollope * ''Veronica'', a 2005 novel by Mary Gaitskill * ''Veronica'', an Archie Comics imprint Film, radio, and television * ''Veronica'' (1972 film), a Romanian musical film directed by Elisabeta Bostan * ''Veronica'' (2017 Mexican film), a psychological thriller by Carlos Algara and Alejandro Martinez-Beltran * ''Veronica'' (2017 Spanish film), a Spanish horror film * Veronica (media), a Dutch media brand ** Radio Veronica, a Dutch offshore radio station broadcasting from 1960–1974, the origin of the brand ** Radio Veronica (Sky Radio), a Dutch radio station ** Veronica TV, a Dutch television station ** Veronica, now RTL 7, a former Dutch television station ** Veronica Superguide, a Dutch television Magazine Music * Veronica (singer) (born 1974), American dance-music singer * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Left-wing
Left-wing politics describes the range of political ideologies that support and seek to achieve social equality and egalitarianism, often in opposition to social hierarchy. Left-wing politics typically involve a concern for those in society whom its adherents perceive as disadvantaged relative to others as well as a belief that there are unjustified inequalities that need to be reduced or abolished. Left-wing politics are also associated with popular or state control of major political and economic institutions. According to emeritus professor of economics Barry Clark, left-wing supporters "claim that human development flourishes when individuals engage in cooperative, mutually respectful relations that can thrive only when excessive differences in status, power, and wealth are eliminated." Within the left–right political spectrum, ''Left'' and ''Right'' were coined during the French Revolution, referring to the seating arrangement in the French Estates General. Those ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gabriel Boric
Gabriel Boric Font (; born 11 February 1986) is a Chilean left-wing politician who is the 37th and current president of Chile, serving since 11 March 2022. Boric studied in the Faculty of Law at the University of Chile, and was the president of the University of Chile Student Federation from 2011 to 2012. As a student representative, he became one of the leading figures of the 2011–2013 Chilean student protests. Boric was twice elected to the Chamber of Deputies representing the Magallanes and Antarctic district, first as an independent candidate in 2013 and then in 2017 as part of the Broad Front, a left-wing coalition he created with several other parties. He is a founding member of Social Convergence, which was formed in 2018 and is one of the constituent parties of Broad Front. During the 2019 civil unrest in Chile, Boric was one of the politicians negotiating the agreement that paved the way for a referendum to change the Constitution. However in 2022, the more progre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2022 Proposed Political Constitution Of The Republic Of Chile
The proposed Political Constitution of the Republic of Chile was a Constitutional draft written by the Constitutional Convention of Chile between 4 July 2021 and 4 July 2022. An early draft was made available on 14 May 2022. The final proposal was made available on 4 July 2022. A national plebiscite was held on 4 September 2022 to determine whether the public agreed with the proposed Constitution. It was rejected by a margin of 62% to 38%. The proposal was the first written by a democratically-elected organ, and it sought to replace the 1980 Chilean Constitution, whose original text was ratified by plebiscite during the military dictatorship of Chile, with a dubious legitimacy. Content The text of the proposed Political Constitution of the Republic begins with the preamble approved by the Constitutional Convention: The content is distributed in eleven chapters, added to a section of transitory regulations located at the end: General principles and provisions Chapte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Right-wing Political Parties
The following is a list of right-wing political parties. It includes parties from the centre-right to the far-right and ultra right. Active A ; * Ainar * Forum for the National Unity of Abkhazia * United Abkhazia ; * Islamic Dawah Organisation of Afghanistan * Islamic Movement of Afghanistan (National Coalition of Afghanistan) * National Islamic Front of Afghanistan ; * Ålandic Democracy * Moderate Coalition for Åland * Non-aligned Coalition ; * Albanian Democratic Monarchist Movement Party * Albanian National Front Party * Alliance for Equality and European Justice * Demochristian Party of Albania * Democratic Party of Albania * Legality Movement Party * Macedonian Alliance for European Integration * Movement for National Development * National Unity Party * New Democratic Spirit * Party for Justice, Integration and Unity * Red and Black Alliance * Republican Party of Albania ; * Algerian National Front * Hizb ut-Tahrir (Banned) * Islamic Renaissance Movement * Is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
El Mostrador
El Mostrador is a Chilean online newspaper, founded on 1 March 2000. Its current president is Germán Olmedo Acedvedo and its director is Federico Joannon Errázuriz. History ''El Mostrador'' was launched on 1 March 2000 and is Chile's first exclusively digital newspaper. On 20 November 2001, part of its journalistic content was paywalled, but in 2007 it was reopened, completely free of charge. As of 2012, its historical databases are also free and open access. On 25 May 2010 the newspaper launched an online television channel, «El Mostrador TV», that was transmitted for a digital television signal on channels 24, 26, 27, 28, 30 and 33 within the ring of Américo Vespucio Avenue in Santiago. Organization ''El Mostrador'' it is an ideology Pluralist journal owned by La Plaza S.A. Its president is Germán Olmedo Acevedo, while its vice president is Federico Joannon Errázuriz. The journalistic director is Héctor Cossio López and the deputy director is Iván Weissman. Content T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jaime Guzmán
Jaime Jorge Guzmán Errázuriz (June 28, 1946 – April 1, 1991) was a Chilean constitutional law professor, speechwriter and member and doctrinal founder of the conservative Independent Democrat Union party. In the 1960s he opposed the University Reform and became an avid organizer of the Gremialist movement. He opposed President Salvador Allende and later became a close advisor of Pinochet and his dictatorship. A professor of Constitutional Law, he played an important part in the drafting of the 1980 Chilean Constitution. He served briefly as senator during the transition to democracy before being assassinated in 1991 by members of the communist urban guerrilla Manuel Rodríguez Patriotic Front. Early life Jaime Guzmán was born in Santiago to Jorge Guzmán Reyes, who was a sports leader of the Catholic University, and Carmen Errázuriz Edwards, who was a travel agent for tourists in Europe. Between 1951 and 1962 he studied in the Colegio de los Sagrados Corazones de Sant ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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