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1978 Massacre At Multan Colony Textile Mills
The 1978 massacre at Multan Colony Textile Mills was one of the most brutal acts of Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq's regime in Pakistan. Paramilitary forces opened fire on striking workers, resulting in 22-133 killed and many injured. Background In 1977, the Zulfikar Ali Bhutto regime was overthrown by Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, which unleashed new attacks on the working class and trade unions. The military dictatorship crushed left-wing activists and trade unionists and oppressed different layers of society. Violent events from mass killings of workers to genocide of peasants and youth engulfed the country. Zia implemented policies friendly to industrialists, which saw forceful imprisonment of workers, a ban on trade unions, low wages and contract labour. Nationalized industries were given back to industrialists with hefty compensation and capitalists took revenge on workers in the form of brutal repression. Colony Textile Mills was established as a textile manufacturing unit in 1946 un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Multan
Multan (; ) is a city in Punjab, Pakistan, on the bank of the Chenab River. Multan is Pakistan's seventh largest city as per the 2017 census, and the major cultural, religious and economic centre of southern Punjab. Multan is one of the List of oldest continuously inhabited cities#Asia, oldest continuously inhabited cities in Asia, with a history stretching deep into antiquity. The ancient city was the site of the renowned Multan Sun Temple, and was besieged by Alexander the Great during the Mallian Campaign. A historic cultural centre of the wider Punjab, it was conquered by the Ummayad military commander Muhammad bin qasim, Muhammad bin Qasim. The city later became independent as the capital of the Emirate of Multan in 855 A.D., before subsequently coming under the rule of empires such as the Ghaznavids, the Ghurids and the Mamluk Sultanate, Mamluks. In 1445, it became capital of the Langah Sultanate. In 1526, it was conquered by the Mughal Empire. Multan Subah would become o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lal Khan
Lal Khan ( ur, لال خان; June 1956 – 21 February 2020) was a political activist and Marxist political theorist. Born Tanveer Gondal, he was a physician by profession but ceased practicing medicine in order to devote his time to political activity. Adopting the name Lal Khan, he was the leader of the Pakistani Marxist organization '' The Struggle'', and editor of its newspaper. He also wrote regular articles for ''Daily Times'' and the ''Dunya''. He died on 21 February 2020 after being ill with cancer for more than a year. Early life In the 1970s, Khan was a student of medicine in college and a political activist in Pakistan when the military coup of General Zia ul Haq toppled the Pakistan Peoples Party government, and subsequently hanged the country's first democratically elected prime minister Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto. He was imprisoned for a year, then went to university in the capital of Pakistan, Islamabad. He moved to The Netherlands in 1980 to escape by fearing the d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Multan District
Multan District ( ur, ), is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan. According to the 1998 census of Pakistan it had a population of 3,116,851 (1.315 million or 42.2% in urban areas). Its capital is the city of Multan. The district of Multan is spread over an area of 3,721 square kilometres. The district consists of tehsils of Multan saddar, Multan city, Jalalpur Pirwala and Shujabad. History Vehari, Khanewal and Lodhran were Tehsils of Multan district. Vehari was made separate district in 1976. Khanewal was cut off from Multan and made a separate district in 1985. Lodhran was split off as a separate district from Multan in 1991. Location Multan District is surrounded by the Khanewal to the North and North East, the Vehari to the East and Lodhran to the South. The Chenab River passes on its Western side, across which lies Muzaffargarh. Demographics At the time of the 2017 census the district had a population of 4,746,166, of which 2,435,195 were males and 2,310,408 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Government Of Pakistan (1977–1988)
A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. It is typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with its members identifiable by their distinct military uniform. It may consist of one or more military branches such as an army, navy, air force, space force, marines, or coast guard. The main task of the military is usually defined as defence of the state and its interests against external armed threats. In broad usage, the terms ''armed forces'' and ''military'' are often treated as synonymous, although in technical usage a distinction is sometimes made in which a country's armed forces may include both its military and other paramilitary forces. There are various forms of irregular military forces, not belonging to a recognized state; though they share many attributes with regular military forces, they are less often referred to as simply ''military''. A nation's military may f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1978 In Pakistan
Events from the year 1978 in Pakistan. Incumbents Federal government *President: Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry (until 16 September), Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq (starting 16 September) * Chief Justice: Sheikh Anwarul Haq Governors *Governor of Balochistan: Khuda Bakhsh Marri (until 18 September); Rahimuddin Khan (starting 18 September) *Governor of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Abdul Hakeem Khan (until 11 October); Fazle Haq (starting 11 October) * Governor of Punjab: Aslam Riaz Hussain (until 11 October); Sawar Khan (starting 11 October) *Governor of Sindh: Abdul Kadir Shaikh (until 6 July); S.M. Abbasi (starting 6 July) Events * Name of Montgomery District changes to Sahiwal District *January 2 – On the orders of Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, paramilitary forces opened fire on peaceful protesting workers in Multan. It is known as 1978 massacre at Multan Colony Textile Mills. * 18 June – The Karakoram Highway is completed. Sports Cricket * 16 October – Test cricket debut of Kapil Dev, India v ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Massacres In Pakistan
A massacre is the killing of a large number of people or animals, especially those who are not involved in any fighting or have no way of defending themselves. A massacre is generally considered to be morally unacceptable, especially when perpetrated by a group of political actors against defenseless victims. The word is a loan of a French term for "butchery" or "carnage". A "massacre" is not necessarily a "crime against humanity". Other terms with overlapping scope include war crime, pogrom, mass killing, mass murder, and extrajudicial killing. Etymology The modern definition of ''massacre'' as "indiscriminate slaughter, carnage", and the subsequent verb of this form, derive from late 16th century Middle French, evolved from Middle French ''"macacre, macecle"'' meaning "slaughterhouse, butchery". Further origins are dubious, though may be related to Latin ''macellum'' "provisions store, butcher shop". The Middle French word ''macecr'' "butchery, carnage" is first record ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1978 Labor Disputes And Strikes
Events January * January 1 – Air India Flight 855, a Boeing 747 passenger jet, crashes off the coast of Bombay, killing 213. * January 5 – Bülent Ecevit, of Republican People's Party, CHP, forms the new government of Turkey (42nd government). * January 6 – The Holy Crown of Hungary (also known as Stephen of Hungary Crown) is returned to Hungary from the United States, where it was held since World War II. * January 10 – Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Cardenal, a critic of the Nicaraguan government, is assassinated; riots erupt against Anastasio Somoza Debayle, Somoza's government. * January 18 – The European Court of Human Rights finds the British government guilty of mistreating prisoners in Northern Ireland, but not guilty of torture. * January 22 – Ethiopia declares the ambassador of West Germany ''persona non grata''. * January 24 ** Soviet Union, Soviet satellite Kosmos 954 burns up in Earth's atmosphere, scattering debris over Canada's Northwest Territories. ** ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Labour Movement In Pakistan
Labour or labor may refer to: * Childbirth, the delivery of a baby * Labour (human activity), or work ** Manual labour, physical work ** Wage labour, a socioeconomic relationship between a worker and an employer ** Organized labour and the labour movement, consisting principally of trade union, labour unions ** Labour Party (UK), The Labour Party (UK) Literature * Labor (journal), ''Labor'' (journal), an American quarterly on the history of the labor movement * ''Labour/Le Travail'', an academic journal focusing on the Canadian labour movement * Labor (Tolstoy book), ''Labor'' (Tolstoy book) or ''The Triumph of the Farmer or Industry and Parasitism'' (1888) Places * La Labor, Honduras * Labor, Koper, Slovenia Other uses * Labor (album), ''Labor'' (album), a 2013 album by MEN * Labor (area), a Spanish customary unit * "Labor", an episode of TV series ''Superstore (season 1), Superstore'' * Labour (constituency), a functional constituency in Hong Kong elections * Labors, fictional ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan
Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan ( ur, نواب زاده نصر الله خان) (13 November 1916 – 27 September 2003) was a senior politician in British India and later Pakistan. He was also a prominent Urdu poet. He was the only West Pakistani to have served as the leader of the Awami League of Bangladesh.Urdu: نواب زاده نصر الله خان لیلیزئی Early life and career He was born in Khangarh, Punjab in Muzaffargarh District in southern Punjab. He started his political career in 1933 by joining a religious political party namely the Majlis-e-Ahrar-e-Islam, soon after it was formed by Syed Ata ullah Shah Bukhari. He was also elected the Secretary General of All India Majlis-e-Ahrar-e-Islam in 1945. This party held an Indian Nationalist position. Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan, coming from a background with ties to the Indian National Congress and Majlis-e-Ahrar-ul-Islam, opposed the Muslim League and its demand for the partition of India. However, he joined the All-In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khan Abdul Wali Khan
Khan Abdul Wali Khan ( ps, خان عبدالولي خان; 11 January 1917 – 26 January 2006) was a Pakistani secular democratic socialist and Pashtun leader, and served as president of Awami National Party. Son of the prominent Pashtun nationalist leader Abdul Ghaffar Khan, Wali Khan was an activist and a writer against the British Raj like his father. His early years were marked by his involvement in his father's non-violent resistance movement, the "red shirts" against the British Raj. He narrowly escaped an assassination in his early years and was later sent to school at Colonel Brown Cambridge School, Dehra Dun.Schofield, Victoria (22 August 2003), ''Afghan Frontier Feuding and Fighting in Central Asia''. Tauris Parke Paperbacks; General edition. In his late teens, he became active in the Indian National Congress. After the formation of Pakistan in 1947, Wali Khan became a controversial figure in Pakistani politics during his political career because of his association ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nusrat Bhutto
''Begum'' Nusrat Bhutto (; sd, نصرت ڀٽو; ur, ; born as Nusrat Ispahani; 23 March 1929 – 23 October 2011) was an Iranian-Pakistani public figure of Kurdish origin, who served as spouse of the Prime Minister of Pakistan between 1971 until the 1977 coup, and as a senior member of the federal cabinet between 1988 and 1990. She was born in Isfahan to a wealthy merchant family of partial Kurdish heritage and her family had settled in Bombay before moving to Karachi after the Partition of British India. Ispahani joined a paramilitary women's force in 1950, but left a year later when she married Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. She moved to Oxfordshire with her husband who then was pursuing his legal education. She returned to Pakistan alongside Bhutto who went on to serve as the Foreign Minister. After her husband founded the Pakistan Peoples Party, Ispahani worked to lead the party's women's wing. After Bhutto was elected as the Prime Minister in 1971, Ispahani became the First Lady o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Textile Mill
Textile Manufacturing or Textile Engineering is a major industry. It is largely based on the conversion of fibre into yarn, then yarn into fabric. These are then dyed or printed, fabricated into cloth which is then converted into useful goods such as clothing, household items, upholstery and various industrial products. Different types of fibres are used to produce yarn. Cotton remains the most widely used and common natural fiber making up 90% of all-natural fibers used in the textile industry. People often use cotton clothing and accessories because of comfort, not limited to different weathers. There are many variable processes available at the spinning and fabric-forming stages coupled with the complexities of the finishing and colouration processes to the production of a wide range of products. History Textile manufacturing in the modern era is an evolved form of the art and craft industries. Until the 18th and 19th centuries, the textile industry was a household work. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
